L’organisation de l’ADN sous forme de chromatine joue un rôle crucial dans la régulation de l’identité cellulaire. De par son rôle clé dans l’assemblage de la chromatine couplé à la synthèse d’ADN, le chaperon d’histone CAF-1 apparaît comme un acteur potentiel dans la transmission de l’information portée par la chromatine au cours des générations cellulaires. Bien que CAF-1 soit essentiel pour la survie au stade larvaire chez la Drosophile, les outils génétiques disponibles chez cet organisme permettent d’analyser sa fonction dans des types cellulaires ciblés. Mon travail montre que la grande sous-unité de CAF-1 (P180) est essentielle pour le maintien de la lignée germinale femelle. L’arrêt précoce de l’ovogénèse induit par la perte de P180 dans les cellules germinales a pu être attribué à l’activation de checkpoints, vraisemblablement en réponse à une accumulation d’ADN simple-brin liée à des défauts de réplication. De façon remarquable, les cellules souches germinales (GSCs) traversent une « crise identitaire » en absence de P180 : elles présentent des caractéristiques de cellules en cours de différenciation, dont une abscission incomplète, tout en conservant des propriétés spécifiques aux GSCs. En revanche, mon analyse n’a pas révélé de défaut d’identité des neuroblastes, une autre population de cellules souches, qui continuent de se diviser de façon asymétrique sans P180. De même, les cellules des disques imaginaux se divisant de façon symétrique prolifèrent en absence de P180, bien que plus lentement. Des analyses complémentaires permettront de déterminer si des mécanismes alternatifs d’assemblage de la chromatine compensent la perte de CAF-1 dans ces cellules. / The organization of DNA into chromatin is dynamic and plays important roles in the establishment and the maintenance of cellular identity. By virtue of its central role in replication-coupled chromatin assembly, the histone chaperone CAF-1 constitutes an interesting candidate in a search for molecular players involved in the inheritance of chromatin states in mitotic cells. In Drosophila, dCAF-1 is essential for viability at the larval stage. Yet, the genetic tools available in the fruit fly allow to analyze the function of dCAF-1 in specific tissues. Mainly, my thesis work shows that the large subunit of dCAF-1 (P180) is essential for oogenesis. I have shown that the early arrest of oogenesis observed upon depletion of P180 in germ cells results from the activation of checkpoints pathways and cell death, possibly in response to the accumulation of single-strand DNA as a consequence of replication defects. Strikingly, P180 plays an essential role in the female germline stem cells (GSCs), which upon depletion of P180 enter an “identity crisis” and harbor features of differentiating cyst cells, including incomplete abscission, while maintaining at the same time some GSCs features. In contrast, the loss of P180 does not seem to alter the identity of larval neuroblasts, another population of stem cells, which continue to divide in an asymmetric fashion in its absence. Finally, the cells of the imaginal discs, which divide symmetrically, are able to proliferate upon loss of P180, albeit at a slower rate. Further analyses are required to determine whether alternative chromatin assembly pathways compensate for the loss of dCAF-1 activity in these cells.

Au cours de la méiose, des centaines de cassures doubles brins (CDB) sont générées et réparées par recombinaison homologue. Ces CDB peuvent être réparés par deux voies différentes donnant lieu à des crossing-overs (CO) ou des non crossing-overs (NCO). Le choix entre les deux voies est finement régulé pour assurer un nombre suffisant de CO; les facteurs influençant ce choix n’ont pas encore été bien caractérisés. L’environnement chromatinien pourrait jouer un rôle important dans ce processus.Peu d’études ont été réalisées sur l’influence de la chromatine sur la recombinaison méiotique. Le but de ma thèse a été de caractériser les facteurs chromatiniens nécessaires au remaniement de la chromatine pendant la recombinaison méiotique chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae.J’ai pu montrer que CAF-1 (Chromatin Assembly Factor 1) et Hir (Histone Regulator), deux protéines chaperons capables de réassembler les histones, s’associent aux sites de cassures doubles brins méiotiques lors de la recombinaison. L’absence de CAF-1 et Hir n’a pas d’effet sur la progression et la formation de CO. Cependant, par des études de recombinaison sur l’ensemble du génome, j’ai pu observer que l’absence de CAF-1 tend à réduire l’interférence des CO. Ce résultat suggère que CAF-1 pourrait être un des facteurs régulant la réparation au cours de la recombinaison méiotique. Pour finir, je me suis aussi intéressée à un troisième chaperon d’histone H3/H4, Asf1. J’ai aussi pu montrer que la délétion d’un autre chaperon Asf1 (Anti-silencing Function 1) entraîne des défauts de progression méiotique et de formation des spores.Ce travail aide à mieux comprendre l'impact de la chromatine sur la réparation de la méiose et le rôle des facteurs d'assemblage de la chromatine. / During meiosis, hundreds of programmed double strand breaks (DSB) are generated and repaired by homologous recombination. Meiotic DSB can be repaired by two major alternative pathways, which generate either crossing-over (CO) or non-crossing-over (NCO) products. The choice between the two repair pathways is tightly controlled to ensure sufficient and accurate CO formation. The chromatin environment could play a crucial role in this process that has not been elucidated yet. Little information is available about the importance of chromatin factors for meiotic recombination. The aim of my PhD was to study chromatin factors necessary for chromatin dynamic during meiotic recombination. I have shown that CAF-1 (Chromatin Assembly Factor 1) and Hir (Histone Regulator), two chaperone proteins that are able to incorporate histones into chromatin, associate with DSB sites during meiotic recombination. CAF-1 and Hir deletion have no effect on the outcome of meiosis and CO formation. However, by genome-wide recombination studies, I have observed that the absence of CAF-1 histone chaperone results in a slight decrease in CO interference. The result suggests that CAF-1 could be one of the factors regulating DNA repair during meiotic recombination. Finally, I have also studied another H3/H4 chaperone, Asf1 (Anti-silencing Function1). Asf1 deletion gives rise to a defect in meiotic progression and spore formation. This work helps to better understand the impact of chromatin on meiotic repair and the role of chromatin assembly factors.

Diplomová práce se zabývá problémem autoevaluace základní školy. Pro sebehodnocení Základní školy Javorník využívá model CAF, Společný hodnotící rámec pro organizace veřejného sektoru.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to implement model CAF in the chosen municipality and to compare current results with results of the implementation of model CAF 2009. Theoretical-methodological part of thesis was devoted to definition of theoretical base in public administration, quality in public administration and quality management tools. There are significant documents in the theoretical part like The Common Assessment Framework 2013 manual and its adapted manual focused on the office of public administration made in 2014. Practical part is focused on application of model CAF in Tábor public administration. During the processing of practical part there were analyzed documents provided by Tábor municipality. There was created a evaluating report according to criteria and subcriteria of the model based on these documents. At the end of the practical part there was made SWOT analysis for each criterion. The aim of the evaluation (with the help of a self-assessment model) was to identify areas with a space for improvement and its strengths.

This diploma thesis deals with performance evaluations of C SYSTEM CZ a.s. Theoretical basis closer to the fundamental issue of work, explain the concepts of performance and quality, and focus on performance measurement tools. Analytical section gives more information about the company and its performance evaluation model is measured by START PLUS.

The main objective of the thesis is to develop the system of measures for the increase of public administration effectiveness. For the adequate setting of these measures, the needs and requirements of the public sector bodies for management efficiency and effectiveness were identified. Subsequent objective of this thesis is to describe the priority structure of measures for the increase of public administration effectiveness for the two main groups: 1) state administration, 2) local administration, including the comparison between these two groups. Consequently, the thesis is focused on the development of system measures including the results of Czech and international researches in the area of public administration effectiveness. This system is designed as a graphic-based for the main three types of public administration bodies: - ministries and state organizations and institutions, - regions, - municipalities (cities, towns and villages). The last part of the thesis includes the evaluation of realised measures (projects) focused on the increase of public administration effectiveness subsidised from the Operational Programme Human Resources and Employment. This evaluation proved the high rate of economic return measured by the SROI indicator.

In 2017 the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) released a revised vision and approach for the department of national defence, entitled “Strong, Secure, Engaged” (“Strong, Secure, Engaged: Canada’s Defence Policy” 2017). This document has a dedicated section on diversity and the significance of drawing upon the different backgrounds and cultural experiences each member brings with them when entering the organization. This section confirms the commitment of the Canadian government and the CAF to ensure that diversity and inclusion are priorities at all levels of supervision and management of personnel. However, many years removed from the implementation of this policy, the inclusion of diversity remains a topic of contention and is a struggle that the institution faces daily. . While the topic of equality and inclusion has many dimensions and considerations, especially within the CAF, this thesis will address the impact of the historical influence that Christian practices and traditions have had and continues to have upon the institution and its aim to enhance diversity and ensure the inclusion and equal treatment of all members. The thesis will question whether the CAF can succeed in its commitment to creating a safe and respectful workplace in light of privileges that exist for Christian beliefs and practices, which often go unaddressed or remain hidden in plain sight. This exploration of this question led to the analysis of legal rulings concerning the freedom of religious expression within the Canadian context; three crucial CAF policies that address the rights and freedoms of serving members; the summary trial of Lt(N) Scott in 2003; and an in-depth examination of the current research and scholarship regarding equality, inclusion, and the accommodation of diversity. What emerged from this analysis was an understanding that the CAF must recognize longstanding privileges favouring Christian practices if the organization intends to succeed in implementing initiatives, policies and procedures focusing on inclusion and diversity. Ultimately, this thesis aims to apply the findings of the examination of Christian privileges and to suggest practical steps that the CAF can implement to create change within the culture of the CAF. Drawing upon the concepts of the lived religion method, Lori Beaman’s deep equality approach, and the concept of mutual respect, this thesis intends to encourage the CAF to look beyond current models and approaches of managing diversity and difference as if it is a problem to be solved. Instead, this thesis intends to encourage the CAF to focus on actively listening to the complexity of the needs of its members. The research and analysis suggest that engaging in this process will permit more voices to be heard and allow diversity to strengthen the institution instead of being a problem that needs accommodation.

No description available.

<p> This study looked at (1) motivation, (2) anxiety, (3) perception of the learning community, and (4) oral proficiency of beginner learners of French in two online sections: one on-campus section with 15 students located on campus or in the same state who could participate in synchronous class zoom, and one distance section with 13 students located all over the world who could only participate in small-group zoom meetings. At the end of the semester, participants filled surveys evaluating their motivation, level of anxiety, and connection with other students in the section. Qualitative and quantitative data from the surveys were collected and analyzed in terms of motivation, anxiety, and perception of the learning community. Participants also completed oral production assignments (individual speech and group conversation on a given topic) throughout the semester, which were collected, and analyzed in terms of complexity, accuracy, and fluency. Results showed that both sections were successful in creating a learning community and allow a progression in oral proficiency. A qualitative and statistical comparison between the sections’ results showed that the distance section had a lower sense of self confidence, enjoyment, motivation, as well as a higher course-related anxiety, whereas the on-campus online section had a higher level of language anxiety. In terms of learning communities, the on-campus section had a higher sense of community, but the distance section had a stronger connection with their groupmates. Finally, the on-campus section had a lower accuracy rate than the distance section in both the individual and group productions, which was due to a higher pronunciation errors rate.   </p>

The Common Assessment Framework (CAF) is an important part of the procedures envisaged in the government¿s Every Child Matters: Change for Children (ECM: CFC) programme. Implementation of CAF, in particular, raises many important questions, not least those arising from the inconsistencies apparent between government rhetoric around the development of multi-agency services provided to all children with `additional¿ needs and the actual experiences of children, young people, parents/carers and practitioners in `real world¿ situations. This paper explores the extent to which the actions of practitioners and the experiences of service users with regard to CAF mirror or differ from those which would be expected in view of the content of government guidance and policy documents.The data used is taken from an evaluation of CAF processes in two locations in northern England over a period of 6 months. It concludes that very small numbers of children and young people actually received the service; that, despite genuine enthusiasm from practitioners for them to be so, the processes observed could not yet be described as fully `child centred¿; that fathers were insufficiently involved; and that CAF was, in reality, another service `rationed¿ according to resources available and according to agencies¿ priorities.