本論文所稱之電視產業，包括無線電視、有線電視、衛星電視產業以及數位電視產業。集中化係與多元化相對之概念，電視產業之多元化分為二個層面，即電視產業所有權的多元化和輸出內容的多樣性。本論文所關切者係電視產業輸出內容的多樣性。由於產業追求利潤的本質和市場的競爭，電視產業所有權結構之多元與否，會直接或間接影響電視所呈現之內容或資訊之多樣性，二者間之關係為負相關。電視產業集中化對於廣播電視自由之保障和理想民主政治之實踐，均有負面之影響。此外，基於電視產業易市場失靈之特性，以及匯流和全球化使得電視產業集中化之程度升高，本文認為應該對於電視產業之集中化加以管制。是以，本文分析我國電視產業市場之現況與未來發展，認為其集中化程度有升高之趨勢。從我國和美國廣播電視自由與電視產業集中化管制之關連性、民主政治理念、電視產業之特性、匯流與全球化之影響，得出電視產業集中化之管制正當性。在需對於電視產業集中化管制之前提下，檢討我國現行之廣播電視法規和公平交易法，另參酌美國、英國和德國之立法例以為我國修法之借鏡，最後亦對於我國廣電三法合併修正草案作介紹。 / “TV media industry” explored in this thesis includes terrestrial TV industry, cable TV industry, satellite TV industry, and digital TV industry. The concept of “concentration” is contrast with “pluralism”. Pluralism of TV media industry is divided into two parts. One is diversity of ownership；the other is diversity of output content. The diversity of output content is chiefly focused in the thesis. According to high competition in the industry, the TV media ownership influences the diversity of output content； the correlation of them is opposite to each other. The concentration of TV media industry is kind of obstacle to the freedom of broadcasting and the accomplishment of democracy. Additionally, the market failures, convergence, and globalization increase the concentration of the TV media industry. Thus, this thesis analyzes the current and future situations, and the increasing tendency of concentration in Taiwan TV media industry. The thesis also states the necessary regulation on the concentration of Taiwan TV media industry. The outlines of the thesis are: the relation of broadcasting freedom and concentration of TV media industry both in Taiwan and U.S.A. markets, the nature of democracy in TV media industry, the market failures of TV media industry, the effects of convergence and globalization, the justification of necessary regulation on TV media industry, the current and future broadcasting laws, the current competition law in Taiwan, and the related laws in U.S.A. ,U.K. , Germany and European Union.

This thesis was carried out at the Special Cables group in the Nexans IKO Sweden AB in Grimsås, The company is a worldwide leader in the cable industry, offers an extensive range of cables and cabling systems.The aim with this thesis is to increase mean average of the electrical resistance in cables and accordingly saving the copper as the raw material. In order to achieve such significance the project offers an approach to find and eliminate causes of variation in a manufacturing process.In the beginning, some germane literature for the area was studied to get a deeper understanding of the problem. Some of the literature is summarized in the theory chapter of the thesis. The process was then defined and mapped out. Sources of variation were also chosen, in this case facts inside different machines.Some statistical analysis was accomplished later in the process by applying the theoretical background in the light of the reality of company. Gage R&R was also performed to examine the measurement system in Nexans IKO Sweden.The study concludes with recommendations for Nexans on five areas for implementation; Tracking and recording data, Optimization of the bunching process, Reach to the state of statistical control, More focus on suppliers, Prevention of over adjustment and main activities within these areas are defined. Finally management commitment is introduced as the most important factor for future success.

The cable manufacturing industry may not be well known to some people, yet people’s very lives depend on products and services it produces. Today people live in a highly technological or digital world where most of the technology used by society has at least one electrical cable in it or is connected to a countrywide electrical or communications network through electrical cables in order to work. Well trained and experienced corporate and business leaders recognize the importance of lean supply chain and of being closer to one’s business suppliers for efficient running of the business. Like in all other countries where these industries exist, it is vital that the cable manufacturing industry survives and prospers in South Africa, for the benefit of South African telecommunications, electricity suppliers, computer networks and many more industries. However, today there are almost no boundaries in business owing to globalization which enhances free trade. The business environment is changing and there is fierce competition amongst international rivals. What happens then when customers are not happy with low quality products of one supplier? Would they not leave that supplier and look to the competition in order to get good quality products at reasonable prices? Of course they would. Consequently such a supplier would lose market share and ultimately be forced out of business. This research investigates the shortcomings in terms of the implementation of the principles of total quality and technology management in the cable manufacturing industry. It identifies the internationally recognised principles in the fields of total quality management and technology management as a means of enhancing a competitive advantage. Training and development are identified as extremely important supporting mechanisms which should be done professionally for the best results in the implementation of total quality and technology management principles. Finally, suggestions and recommendations based on best management practice are made.

This research examines the impact of purchasing constraints and demand variability on working capital balances. The working capital accounts considered are creditors, debtors and raw material inventories. Purchasing constraints and demand uncertainty are defined. The supply chain of the South African cable industry, and one manufacturer in particular, and the challenges faced in the cable manufacturing process are discussed. To quantify the influences, a comparison between working capital accounts in the case of economic order quantity and actual purchasing practices is performed. A simulation model is developed to reproduce a larger sample of demand data, matching the cumulative probability density function of each cable type contained in the annual sales budget. The results show, that the working capital accounts react differently to changes in purchasing conditions and variations in demand, the most sensitive being raw material inventories. The study quantifies the influence of purchasing constraints on each working capital value. / Business Management / M.Com. (Business Management)

This research examines the impact of purchasing constraints and demand variability on working capital balances. The working capital accounts considered are creditors, debtors and raw material inventories. Purchasing constraints and demand uncertainty are defined. The supply chain of the South African cable industry, and one manufacturer in particular, and the challenges faced in the cable manufacturing process are discussed. To quantify the influences, a comparison between working capital accounts in the case of economic order quantity and actual purchasing practices is performed. A simulation model is developed to reproduce a larger sample of demand data, matching the cumulative probability density function of each cable type contained in the annual sales budget. The results show, that the working capital accounts react differently to changes in purchasing conditions and variations in demand, the most sensitive being raw material inventories. The study quantifies the influence of purchasing constraints on each working capital value. / Business Management / M.Com. (Business Management)