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La représentation de l'auteur dans la littérature, avec toute sa charge intertextuelle, a été le sujet de nombreuses recherches dans les dernières années. Cet engouement pour l'analyse de la représentation de la littérature a aussi mené des chercheurs à s'intéresser à la figuration du lecteur, du traducteur et de l'éditeur. Or peu de chercheurs ont exploré la représentation globale du personnel littéraire et les relations qui unissent ces différents agents du livre. Pourtant, une telle étude s'avère pertinente pour explorer les différentes réflexions et interprétations en ce qui concerne la production littéraire et les enjeux qui y sont liés. Le présent mémoire propose donc d'étudier la représentation du personnel littéraire dans l'oeuvre d'un auteur qui met en scène de façon récurrente la figuration de la production littéraire. Le corpus étudie est composé de trois nouvelles et d'un roman d'Ook Chung, un auteur japonais d'origine coréenne. Ces textes, soit "La cage de verre", "Maestro ruinante", "L'amant des ombres" et L'expérience interdite, ont en commun de présenter quatre auteurs et leur entourage alors qu'ils sont confrontés à la production littéraire. Dans ces chapitres, nous voulons déterminer comment les choix que l'auteur a faits dans la figuration du personnel littéraire contribuent à créer une représentation subjective et unique de la production littéraire. Nous nous intéressons donc aux membres du personnel littéraire, mais surtout aux auteurs, qui sont omniprésents, à leurs actions, à leurs paroles et aux relations qu'ils entretiennent entre eux, ainsi qu'aux divers mécanismes intertextuels qui accompagnent ces représentations, tels la mise en abyme et la métaphore. À la lumière de cette analyse, nous cherchons à déterminer comment ces représentations concourent à créer un portrait de la production littéraire qui est teinte par différentes valeurs continuellement opposees, telles la gratuite, le mercantilisme, l'authenticite, la mystification, le don et la vocation. Au final, nous voulons determiner comment ces représentations contribuent à consacrer ou à désacraliser la littérature, et comment celles-ci reconduisent ou dépassent certains mythes et certaines idées reçues habituellement associées à la littérature, à l'auteur et au travail créatif.

Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and the development of neuroprotective agents have received significant research attention in recent years. Development of novel imaging techniques to study the biological mechanisms involved in the progression of these disorders have become an area of research interest. The design of novel small molecule imaging probes in combination with modem imaging techniques may provide information on neuroprotective binding site• interactions and would assist in the design of novel biological assay methods. Techniques to visualize physiological or pathophysiological changes in proteins and living cells have become increasingly important in biomedical sciences, especially fluorescent techniques. Fluorescent ligands in combination with sophisticated fluorescent imaging technologies are useful tools to analyze and clarify the roles of biomolecules in living cells, affording high spatial and temporal resolution. This study is based on the development of polycyclic fluorescent ligands, which may be used in the study of receptor-ligand and/or enzyme-ligand interactions, utilizing these fluorescently labeled ligands in combination with fluorescent imaging techniques. Fluorescent conjugates with high affinity for the• N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, voltage gated calcium channels (VGCC) and/or the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme were designed and synthesised with the aim to directly measure binding of these novel molecules to receptors and/or enzymes. The first goal was to develop fluorescent ligands that exhibit similar inhibitory activity on NOS compared to the well-known selective neuronal NOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI). Polycyclic compounds, including amantadine and pentacycloundecane derivatives, were conjugated to fluorescent moieties that resemble the structure of 7-NI. It was thought that the lipophilic nature of the polycyclic compounds would increase the activity of the fluorescent moieties by facilitating increased blood brain barrier permeability and penetration through cell membranes. This would also potentially increase the selectivity of the novel conjugated compounds as selective neuronal NOS inhibitors, similar to 7-NI. The results from the NOS inhibition studies indicated that the novel fluorescent conjugates (5-14) inhibited the NOS enzyme at micromolar concentrations. Although none of the novel fluorescent polycyclic compounds were found to be more potent than 7-NI (IC50 = 0.11 11M), the indazole pentacyclorindecane (5), the coumarin-adamantane (7), the dansyl-adamantane (8), and the cyanoisoindole-adamantane (11) conjugates, exhibited IC5o values below 1 uM. These compounds could possibly be used as molecular probes in the development of high-throughput screening or competitive NOS displacement assays. Further studies on isoform selectivity will elaborate on the potential of these compounds as fluorescent molecular probes. The aforementioned fluorescent derivatives were further developed resulting in a series of novel fluorescent polycyclic conjugates with potent NOS inhibition indicating the potential of these compounds as neuroprotective agents. Due to the polycyclic structure's inherent inhibitory activity towards the NMDA receptor and VGCC we evaluated these derivatives as possible multifunctional neuroprotective agents acting on various neuroprotective targets. In the biological studies it was observed that four adamantane fluorescent compounds (7, 8, 10, 11) exhibited a high degree of inhibitory activity against the NOS enzyme and NMDA receptor and blocked VGCC. The fluorescent compounds were further able to scavange detrimental neurodegenerative free radicals. In silica studies also predicted a high degree of oral bioavailability and that these novel compounds should be effectively transported across the blood brain barrier. Taking the positive findings on the inhibition of the NMDA receptor and VGCC activity of the novel fluorescent polycyclic ligands into account we focused on the expansion of this series. This resulted in the synthesis of a series of fluorescent derivatives utilizing adamantane-3-aminopropanol as an intermediate to extend the chain length between the adamantyl and fluorescent moieties, to potentially reduce sterical hindrance and increase activity. These novel adamantane-3-aminopropanol fluorescent ligands were also evaluated for inhibition of the NMDA receptor and VGCC. The coumarin-, dansyl- and cyanoisoindole adamantane-3-aminopropanol fluorescent conjugates (15, 16, 19) displayed significant VGCC inhibition, with the dansyl (16) and di-nitrobenzene (20) fluorescent derivatives exhibiting NMDA receptor antagonistic activity. All these compounds showed improved activity when compared to known NMDA receptor and VGCC inhibitors in this class. Generally it was observed that the increased chain length analogues had improved VGCC inhibition and NMDA receptor activity when compared to their directly• conjugated counterparts. This led to the conclusion that an increase in chain length might indicate deeper immersion into the NMDA receptor and VGCC which may be necessary for stronger interaction with their putative binding sites. The dansyl analogue, N-[3-(1-adamantylamino)propyl]-5- dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonamide (16), was further used as a fluorescent NMDA receptor ligand in a fluorescent competition assay, utilizing known NMDA receptor inhibitors to demonstrate the possible applications of these novel fluorescent analogues and their benefit over the use of hazardous and expensive radioligand binding studies. Further investigation on the application of these derivatives, especially on the NOS enzyme and the NMDA receptor, will develop their potential as fluorescent ligands in the study of neurodegeneration and may also yield novel therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative disorders. / PhD (Pharmaceutical Chemistry), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and the development of neuroprotective agents have received significant research attention in recent years. Development of novel imaging techniques to study the biological mechanisms involved in the progression of these disorders have become an area of research interest. The design of novel small molecule imaging probes in combination with modem imaging techniques may provide information on neuroprotective binding site• interactions and would assist in the design of novel biological assay methods. Techniques to visualize physiological or pathophysiological changes in proteins and living cells have become increasingly important in biomedical sciences, especially fluorescent techniques. Fluorescent ligands in combination with sophisticated fluorescent imaging technologies are useful tools to analyze and clarify the roles of biomolecules in living cells, affording high spatial and temporal resolution. This study is based on the development of polycyclic fluorescent ligands, which may be used in the study of receptor-ligand and/or enzyme-ligand interactions, utilizing these fluorescently labeled ligands in combination with fluorescent imaging techniques. Fluorescent conjugates with high affinity for the• N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, voltage gated calcium channels (VGCC) and/or the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme were designed and synthesised with the aim to directly measure binding of these novel molecules to receptors and/or enzymes. The first goal was to develop fluorescent ligands that exhibit similar inhibitory activity on NOS compared to the well-known selective neuronal NOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI). Polycyclic compounds, including amantadine and pentacycloundecane derivatives, were conjugated to fluorescent moieties that resemble the structure of 7-NI. It was thought that the lipophilic nature of the polycyclic compounds would increase the activity of the fluorescent moieties by facilitating increased blood brain barrier permeability and penetration through cell membranes. This would also potentially increase the selectivity of the novel conjugated compounds as selective neuronal NOS inhibitors, similar to 7-NI. The results from the NOS inhibition studies indicated that the novel fluorescent conjugates (5-14) inhibited the NOS enzyme at micromolar concentrations. Although none of the novel fluorescent polycyclic compounds were found to be more potent than 7-NI (IC50 = 0.11 11M), the indazole pentacyclorindecane (5), the coumarin-adamantane (7), the dansyl-adamantane (8), and the cyanoisoindole-adamantane (11) conjugates, exhibited IC5o values below 1 uM. These compounds could possibly be used as molecular probes in the development of high-throughput screening or competitive NOS displacement assays. Further studies on isoform selectivity will elaborate on the potential of these compounds as fluorescent molecular probes. The aforementioned fluorescent derivatives were further developed resulting in a series of novel fluorescent polycyclic conjugates with potent NOS inhibition indicating the potential of these compounds as neuroprotective agents. Due to the polycyclic structure's inherent inhibitory activity towards the NMDA receptor and VGCC we evaluated these derivatives as possible multifunctional neuroprotective agents acting on various neuroprotective targets. In the biological studies it was observed that four adamantane fluorescent compounds (7, 8, 10, 11) exhibited a high degree of inhibitory activity against the NOS enzyme and NMDA receptor and blocked VGCC. The fluorescent compounds were further able to scavange detrimental neurodegenerative free radicals. In silica studies also predicted a high degree of oral bioavailability and that these novel compounds should be effectively transported across the blood brain barrier. Taking the positive findings on the inhibition of the NMDA receptor and VGCC activity of the novel fluorescent polycyclic ligands into account we focused on the expansion of this series. This resulted in the synthesis of a series of fluorescent derivatives utilizing adamantane-3-aminopropanol as an intermediate to extend the chain length between the adamantyl and fluorescent moieties, to potentially reduce sterical hindrance and increase activity. These novel adamantane-3-aminopropanol fluorescent ligands were also evaluated for inhibition of the NMDA receptor and VGCC. The coumarin-, dansyl- and cyanoisoindole adamantane-3-aminopropanol fluorescent conjugates (15, 16, 19) displayed significant VGCC inhibition, with the dansyl (16) and di-nitrobenzene (20) fluorescent derivatives exhibiting NMDA receptor antagonistic activity. All these compounds showed improved activity when compared to known NMDA receptor and VGCC inhibitors in this class. Generally it was observed that the increased chain length analogues had improved VGCC inhibition and NMDA receptor activity when compared to their directly• conjugated counterparts. This led to the conclusion that an increase in chain length might indicate deeper immersion into the NMDA receptor and VGCC which may be necessary for stronger interaction with their putative binding sites. The dansyl analogue, N-[3-(1-adamantylamino)propyl]-5- dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonamide (16), was further used as a fluorescent NMDA receptor ligand in a fluorescent competition assay, utilizing known NMDA receptor inhibitors to demonstrate the possible applications of these novel fluorescent analogues and their benefit over the use of hazardous and expensive radioligand binding studies. Further investigation on the application of these derivatives, especially on the NOS enzyme and the NMDA receptor, will develop their potential as fluorescent ligands in the study of neurodegeneration and may also yield novel therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative disorders. / PhD (Pharmaceutical Chemistry), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

The ideal squirrel cage motor should have a varying rotor resistance; large at standstill, and decreasing as the speed rises. Overseas - designed high impedance rotors try to fulfil these conditions - mostly used are double cage rotors and die cast aluminium rotors. However, in the South African coal-mining industry these rotors recorded high rate failures with heavy financial losses. As a result, the need for an alternative rotor type that was able to comply with basic conditions ignored before appeared on the market: • Higher reliability with extended life expectancy • Lower total ownership costs • Easy re-manufacturing with components available on the market • Specific performance stability at competitive price. Over the years, only two principles were tacitly accepted in designing squirrel cage rotors: 1. For a single cage rotor, in a circumferential direction around the rotor the squirrel cage bars are placed in the same cylindrical shell, with the same shape and same conductivity. 2. For a double cage rotor, the same rule as above applies; however, in the radial direction, the bars have different shapes and typically different conductivities. The Invention is based on a new principle, i.e. "in a circumferential direction around the squirrel cage rotor, squirrel cage bars may have different conductivities and same shapes, or different conductivities and different shapes”. Mixed Conductivity Fabricated Rotors (MCFR) are designed and manufactured based on this new principle, and are able to withstand the harsh South African mining conditions. Since patented, the invention has been materialised in a set of special rotors powering continuous miners of a reputable coal-mining house, which was spending about R5 million annually on replacing specific imported die cast aluminium rotors only. Fully complying with the above-mentioned basic conditions, the patent offers a large variety of technical and economical advantages, increasing mining processes efficiency beyond expectations. The thesis describes the MCFR's design adaptability by altering the rotor design to meet the demands of a specific engineering application as a base line of drives design. The patent is part of the new South African trend of increasing processes efficiency. It offers large possibilities of designing dedicated motors with a positive impact on the South African economy. Some socio-economical advantages are worthy of considerable study: • Being locally manufactured, the MCFR may reduce the country's economical dependence. • Requiring no special expertise, the MCFR can be produced in any quantity and size without excessive investment. • The MCFR offers an alternative option (product interchangeability) on the market as well as sound competition (with export potential). • The patent ensures business sustainability conditions which diffuse financial constraints on motor manufacturers and end-users during the re-capitalisation process (very loaded in South African economic and industrial environment). / Thesis (Ph.D. (Electrical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Thesis (PhD)--University of South Australia, 1999

Thesis (PhD)--University of South Australia, 1999

Chapter 1 contains an Introduction to the role of metal complexes in functional assemblies. The remainder of the chapter is devoted to an Introduction to the

Thesis (M.S.)--Youngstown State University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-109). Also available via the World Wide Web in PDF format.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2005. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-97). Also available on the World Wide Web.