No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. / Rao R. Tummala, Committee Chair ; Meilin Liu, Committee Member ; Madhavan Swaminathan, Committee Member ; C. P. Wong, Committee Member ; Moises Cases, Committee Member.

Ces travaux de thèse portent sur l’étude d’un générateur de nanoparticules (NPs) en phase gazeuse basé sur la pulvérisation cathodique magnétron. La mise en oeuvre d’un spectromètre d’émission optique et d’une microbalance à quartz a permis d’observer l’influence des paramètres du procédé (nature et débit des gaz, courant cathodique, configuration magnétique) sur les espèces présentes dans le plasma et la vitesse de dépôt des NPs. Ceci a conduit à une meilleure compréhension du procédé et à l’établissement d’un point de fonctionnement. Des analyses par microscopique électronique en transmission (MET) ont mis en évidence des NPs d’argent cristallisées en vol dont la taille augmente (de 2,5 ± 0,5 nm à 5,2 ± 0,5 nm de diamètre) avec la longueur d’agrégation. L’association de cette source à un réacteur de pulvérisation magnétron conventionnelle a permis la synthèse de nanocomposites constitués de nanoparticules métalliques (Cu ou Ag) dans une matrice céramique diélectrique amorphe et transparente (nitrure ou oxyde d’aluminium). Un décalage de la Résonance Plasmon de Surface (RPS) vers le rouge a été observé avec l’augmentation de la permittivité de la matrice ainsi qu’un élargissement de la RPS avec la diminution de la taille des NPs. Enfin, les propriétés électriques des nanocomposites ont été étudiés au sein de capacités de type Métal/Isolant/Métal (MIM) permettant une modulation de la permittivité avec le taux de dopage en NPs d’argent (5% et 10% vol.). / This thesis is dedicated to the study of free nanoparticles (NPs) source based on magnetron sputtering. Setting up an optical emission spectrometer and a quartz microbalance allowed to observe the influence of the process parameters (gas composition and flow rate, cathodic current, magnetic configuration) on the plasma species and the NPs deposition rate. This lead to a better understanding of the process and the establishment of a process operating windows. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed crystallized silver NPs whose size increased (from 2.5 ± 0.5 nm to 5.2 ± 0.5 nm in diameter) when the aggregation length increased. The free NPs source coupled to a conventional magnetron sputtering chamber allowed the deposition of nanocomposites thin films consisting of metallic NPs (Cu ou Ag) embedded in dielectric transparent amorphous matrix (aluminum nitride or oxide). A red shift of the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) was observed with the increase of the matrix permittivity value. A broadening of the SPR with the decrease of the NPs size was also evidenced. Finally, the electrical properties of the nanocomposites have been studied by means of a Metal/Insulator/Metal capacitor pointing out a modulation of the permittivity with the silver NPs content (5% and 10% vol.).

No description available.

Porous carbon derived from an inorganic silicon carbide (SiC) precursor, termed SiC-derived carbon, is an attractive material for electrochemical energy storage applications, including electrodes for electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). The objective of this thesis is to investigate the effects that the carbide-derived carbon (CDC) microstructure and pore structure have on the energy and power characteristics of the EDLC electrodes. Conventional SiC CDC is produced from non-porous crystalline SiC powder at temperatures above 800 °C. Here we studied the performance of SiC CDCs produced by chlorination at 700-900 °C of an ordered mesoporous SiC precursor, which was synthesized via a 1000 °C pyrolysis of polycarbosilane infiltrated into an SBA-15 silica template having ordered mesopores. The SiC CDC was purified from chlorine impurities by annealing in ammonia. The surface area and pore size of the purified SiC CDC was characterized via N2 and CO2 sorption using density functional theory (DFT) and Brunnauer, Emmet, and Teller (BET) theory. The specific capacitance, power and energy densities were characterized via electrochemical measurements of the SiC CDC electrodes in 1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF4) acetonitrile solution. The SiC CDC exhibited a specific surface area (SSA) in excess of 2400 m2/g and gravimetric capacitance values of up to ~ 150 F/g, among the highest ever reported for any electrodes in this electrolyte. The ordered mesopores allowed for fast ion transport within each particle, resulting in excellent capacity retention under high current rates and ultra-fast frequency response, thus allowing for extremely high power and energy densities. The best overall performance was achieved in SiC CDC samples chlorinated at the lowest temperature of 700 °C.

published_or_final_version / Electrical and Electronic Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Physics / Master / Master of Philosophy

Thesis. 1978. M.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Includes bibliographical references. / M.S.

published_or_final_version / Physics / Master / Master of Philosophy