Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University, 1988. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 257-266).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, 1994. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 171-178).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-211).

Frankfurt (Oder), Europa-Universität, Thesis (doctoral), 2001. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.P.A.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed June 30, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-117).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on September 28, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

This study examines factors that affect share prices for Hong Kong-listed mainland companies by examining the outperformance of H-shares and red chips compared with local large-cap stocks on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2013 and 2014. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first empirical study focusing on these three types of stocks. In efficient markets, share prices should reflect the fundamentals of the listed companies, as revealed by the firm's earnings. If the assumption of market efficiency is relaxed, or markets are less efficient due to institutional factors, the correlation will be less pronounced. In this regard, I examine the links between firm performance, stock visibility, and share price movements. I find that the fundamentals of listed firms do not account for the superior price performance in the case of H-shares. By contrast, the price performance of Hong Kong large-cap stocks and red chips is more closely correlated to earnings. In addition, the hypothesis that the neglected-firm effect plays a role in the relationship between firm performance and stock returns of Hong Kong-listed China-related companies is not supported. Instead, I find support for the hypothesis that stock visibility acts as a moderator in the relationship between firm performance and stock returns, particularly in the case of China-related shares. With the introduction of stock visibility, the effect of Return on Equity (ROE) on stock returns is reduced, but still significantly positive. This indicates that stock visibility partially mediates the link between firm performance and stock returns, supporting the mediation hypothesis. By revealing the limited link between fundamentals and share prices in H-shares, this study also supports the notion, found in other studies, that market efficiency is less applicable to China H-shares in particular and the Hong Kong financial market in general.

abstract: The Chinese capital market is characterized by high segmentation due to governmental regulations. In this thesis I investigate both the causes and consequences of this market segmentations. Specifically, I address the following questions: (1) to which degree this capital market segmentation is caused by the fragmented regulations in China, (2) what are the key characteristics of this market segmentation, and (3) what are the impacts of this market segmentation on capital costs and resources allocations. Answers to these questions can have important implications for Chinese policy makers to improve capital market regulatory coordination and efficiency. I organize this thesis as follows. First, I define the concepts of capital market segmentation and fragmented regulation based on literature reviews and theoretical analysis. Next, on the basis of existing theories and methods in finance and economics, I select a number of indicators to systematically measure the degree of regulatory segmentation in China’s capital market. I then develop an econometric model of capital market frontier efficiency analysis to calculate and analyze China’s capital market segmentation and regulatory fragmentation. Lastly, I use the production function analysis technique and the even study method to examine the impacts of fragmented regulatory segmentation on the connections and price distortions in the equity, debt, and insurance markets. Findings of this thesis enhance the understanding of how institutional forces such as governmental regulations influence the function and efficiency of the capital markets. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2015

A literatura internacional sobre abertura de capital é ampla e vários artigos foram publicados a respeito do tema. No entanto, no Brasil, ainda são poucos os pesquisadores que se dedicam ao estudo de tal fenômeno, haja vista que o crescimento relevante do mercado de capitais nacional ainda é recente. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar, com base em indicadores contábeis, de mercado e características das empresas, quais são os fatores determinantes para a abertura de capital de empresas brasileiras. A metodologia utilizada no estudo foi de regressão logística com dados agrupados e de regressão logística com dados em painel. A amostra total contém 1720 empresas-ano entre os anos de 2004 e 2010, dos quais 182 são relativos a empresas que abriram o capital no período. Os resultados apontados indicam que as firmas que fizeram oferta de ações no período foram aquelas que vinham investindo significativamente, que possuíam maior nível de rentabilidade e aquelas que aumentaram seu nível de endividamento. O IPO foi uma alternativa para adequar a estrutura de capital e/ou captar recursos para continuar investindo no seu crescimento. Adicionalmente, as empresas que abriram o capital foram aquelas que aproveitaram janela de oportunidade (Market timing) oferecida no período e iniciaram a negociação de suas ações em Bolsa de Valores. O tamanho das empresas não foi estatisticamente significante para o IPO, haja vista que algumas companhias relativamente pequenas e outras pré-operacionais iniciaram a negociação de suas ações. Além disso, diversas outras empresas com porte suficiente, por algum motivo, não fizeram IPO. A pesquisa apontou que o tempo de mercado da empresa (idade desde a fundação) afeta negativamente a probabilidade de abertura de capital, tendo em vista que o mercado já dispõe de regras de governança corporativa bem estabelecidas e que tais regras contribuiriam para que investidores tivessem confiança mesmo em empresas com pouco tempo de mercado. Outro resultado da pesquisa aponta que as companhias localizadas na região Sudeste do país tem maior propensão para realizar o IPO, uma vez que os empresários de outras regiões estão mais distantes do polo financeiro do país, vivem em um ambiente de negócios menos intenso, e, consequentemente, têm menos atitude para buscar alternativas de financiamento (menor importância é dada por eles aos benefícios de captar recursos em mercado de capitais). Por fim, o trabalho identificou que empresas subsidiárias e estatais são menos propensas à abertura de capital, conforme esperado. O trabalho abrange a discussão de possíveis argumentos para diminuição do potencial de crescimento do mercado de capitais e das razões pelas quais muitas empresas ainda não se motivaram a vender suas ações no mercado. / IPO has a wide international literature with many papers published on this subject. However, in Brazil, there are a few researchers who are dedicated to study this phenomenon, considering that the relevant growth of the national capital market is still recent. The objective of this study is to identify, based on accounting and market indicators and firm characteristics, which are the determining factors for the IPO of Brazilian companies. The methodology used in this study was the pooled logistic regression and the panel logistic regression. The total sample contains 1720 firm years between 2004 and 2010, of which 182 belongs to companies that went public on this period. The results indicate that the companies which made an equity offering in the period were investing on their expansion, increased their debt structure and/or had higher profitability. IPO was an alternative to adjust their capital structure and/or to raise funds to continue investing on their growth. In addition, the firms that went public took advantage of the windows opportunity (market timing) they had in the period to sell their shares. The size of companies was not statistically significant, since relatively small and preoperating firms began trading their shares. Also, several other companies with relevant size did not do their IPO due to any specific reason. Moreover, the age of the company affects negatively the probability of going public, since the Brazilian market already has well established corporate governance regulation and these rules contribute to increase investor\'s confidence on the companies, even if they are still young firms. Another result of this research indicate that firms located in the Southeast of Brazil are more likely to go public, because the entrepreneurs of other regions are far away from the Brazilian financial center, with a less intense business environment and, consequently, with less attitude to search for funding alternatives (less importance is given for the benefits to go public). Finally, the study has identified that subsidiaries and state-owned companies are less likely to go public, as expected. This work also includes the discussion of possible arguments of the potential growth decrease of stock markets in Brazil and the reasons why many companies are still not motivated to sell their shares in the market.

O investimento em capital de risco, enquanto participação acionária em projetos embrionários, ou ainda em fase inicial, é envolto em incerteza, baixa liquidez e grande risco, oferecendo como contrapartida uma possibilidade de rentabilidade acima de qualquer padrão de mercado). O presente trabalho buscou classificar os diversos fatores de atratividade dos empreendimentos de risco, de modo a poder classificá-los pela sua relativa prioridade média em relação ao poder de decisão dos investidores de capital de risco. Os itens que obtiveram maior média foram a indicação através de uma rede confiável, a taxa de retorno e potencial donegócio e a existência de produto ou idéia superior. Ainda, o perfil médio dos investidores foi identificado como sendo do sexo masculino, com idade entre os 25 e os 34 anos, possui pósgraduação, com um montante total investido de menos de 250 mil dólares, realiza os investimentos de forma particular, investiu de uma a duas vezes nos últimos cinco anos no mercado de capital de risco, deixa seu capital investido por um período de 1 a 3 anos, se classifica como um investidor anjo, e não utiliza recursos de terceiros em seus investimentos. Foram identificadas variações dentre grupos específicos de investidores, como uma maior procura por liquidez e segurança nos investidores que optam por estratégias de investimento de menor prazo médio, a menor busca por experiência prévia do empreendedor em investidores de menor faixa etária, bem como uma maior exigência média geral nas investidoras de sexo feminino, bem como uma exigência por maior capacidade e experiência gerencial da equipe de gestão do empreendimento por investidores que possuem uma maior frequência de investimento no mercado de capital de risco. Por fim, o trabalho buscou apresentar um modelo de atração para os investidores a ser utilizado por empreendimentos que planejem captar recursos no mercado de capital de risco Brasileiro / Investment in venture capital, as an equity investment in embryonic projects, or even in the initial phase, is surrounded by uncertainty, low liquidity and great risk, offering as a counterpart a possibility of profitability above any market standard. The present work sought o classify the various factors of attractiveness of risk ventures, in order to be able to classify them by their relative average priority in relation to the decision-making inpact of venture capital investors. The items that obtained the highest average were the indication through a reliable network, the rate of return and potential of the business and the existence of a superior product or idea. In addition, the average profile of investors was identified as male, aged 25 to 34 years, has a postgraduate degree, with a total amount invested of less than $ 250,000, makes investments in a particular way, invested one to two times in the last five years in the venture capital market, leaves its capital invested for a period of 1 to 3 years, qualifies as an angel investor, and does not use third-party resources in its investments. Variations have been identified among specific groups of investors, such as a greater demand for liquidity and security in investors who opt for smaller term investment strategies, the smaller search for previous experience of the entrepreneur in younger investors, as well as a higher requirement overall average in female investors, as well as a requirement for greater capacity and managerial experience of the venture management team by investors who have a higher frequency of investment in the venture capital market. Finally, the work sought to present a model of attraction for investors to be used by enterprises that plan to raise funds in the Brazilian venture capital market.