<p>Značajan porast prevalence dentalnih erozija u savremenom dru&scaron;tvu, zahteva sve vi&scaron;e pažnje ka&nbsp; istraživanju njihove etiologije i preventivnih mera koje se mogu preduzeti. Cilj ove studije bio je da se ispita erozivni potencijal gaziranih napitaka i njihov uticaj na zubna tkiva, tokom različitih vremenskih intervala.<br />Stepen kiselosti izražen pH vrednostima za svaki ispitivani napitak (gaziranu vodu &bdquo;Knjaz Milo&scaron;&ldquo;, Coca-Cola-u i Schweppes Bitter Lemon), određen je odmah po otvaranju ambalaže sa napitkom, nakon 5 i 60 minuta kao i nakon 12 i 24 sata od potapanja zubnih uzoraka. U ovoj studiji posmatrane su mikroskopske promene proučavanjem skening elektronske mikrofotografije spolja&scaron;nje povr&scaron;ine gleđi, kao i uzdužni presek gleđi i dentina zuba nakon izlaganja gore navedenim napicima 5 i 60 minuta,12 i 24 sata kao i 7 i 30 dana, ali i makroskopske promene boje i strukture gleđi u svim navedenim vremenskim intervalima. Za određivanje stepena nastalih mikroskopskih i makroskopskih promena primenjene su individualno prilagođene skale.<br />Početna pH vrednost svih ispitivanih napitaka je niža od kritične pH vrednosti za demineralizaciju gleđi. Sa porastom vremena od potapanja zubnih uzoraka u napitke, njihova pH vrednost značajno raste. Na SEM mikrofotografijama gleđi i dentina se uočavaju promene u morfologiji, čiji intenzitet zavisi od vrste napitka i vremena koje je uzorak u njemu proveo. Centralni tip demineralizacije prisutan je kod uzoraka potopljenih u kiselu vodu i Coca Cola napitak a periferni kod Schweppes Bitter Lemon. Intenzitet promena zubnih tkiva raste u funkciji vremena, ali statistički značajna razlika ne postoji između svih vremenskih intervala. Zubi koji su bili izloženi delovanju gazirane vode &bdquo;Knjaz Milo&scaron;&ldquo; ne pokazuju izmene u makroskopskom izgledu, za razliku od zuba koji su tretirani Coca-Cola-om i Schweppes Bitter Lemon-om čiji intenzitet izmenjenosti raste u funkciji vremena, s tim da je statitički značajna razlika prisutna između pojedinih vremenskih intervala. S obzirom na erozivni potencijal i promene koje gazirani napitci izazivaju u in vitro условима, potrebno je preduzeti odgovarajuće preventivne mere kako bi se smanjio njihov uticaj na zube u in vivo uslovima.</p> / <p>Značajan porast prevalence dentalnih erozija u savremenom dru&scaron;tvu, zahteva sve vi&scaron;e pažnje ka&nbsp; istraživanju njihove etiologije i preventivnih mera koje se mogu preduzeti. Cilj ove studije bio je da se ispita erozivni potencijal gaziranih napitaka i njihov uticaj na zubna tkiva, tokom različitih vremenskih intervala.<br />Stepen kiselosti izražen pH vrednostima za svaki ispitivani napitak (gaziranu vodu &bdquo;Knjaz Milo&scaron;&ldquo;, Coca-Cola-u i Schweppes Bitter Lemon), određen je odmah po otvaranju ambalaže sa napitkom, nakon 5 i 60 minuta kao i nakon 12 i 24 sata od potapanja zubnih uzoraka. U ovoj studiji posmatrane su mikroskopske promene proučavanjem skening elektronske mikrofotografije spolja&scaron;nje povr&scaron;ine gleđi, kao i uzdužni presek gleđi i dentina zuba nakon izlaganja gore navedenim napicima 5 i 60 minuta,12 i 24 sata kao i 7 i 30 dana, ali i makroskopske promene boje i strukture gleđi u svim navedenim vremenskim intervalima. Za određivanje stepena nastalih mikroskopskih i makroskopskih promena primenjene su individualno prilagođene skale.<br />Početna pH vrednost svih ispitivanih napitaka je niža od kritične pH vrednosti za demineralizaciju gleđi. Sa porastom vremena od potapanja zubnih uzoraka u napitke, njihova pH vrednost značajno raste. Na SEM mikrofotografijama gleđi i dentina se uočavaju promene u morfologiji, čiji intenzitet zavisi od vrste napitka i vremena koje je uzorak u njemu proveo. Centralni tip demineralizacije prisutan je kod uzoraka potopljenih u kiselu vodu i Coca Cola napitak a periferni kod Schweppes Bitter Lemon. Intenzitet promena zubnih tkiva raste u funkciji vremena, ali statistički značajna razlika ne postoji između svih vremenskih intervala. Zubi koji su bili izloženi delovanju gazirane vode &bdquo;Knjaz Milo&scaron;&ldquo; ne pokazuju izmene u makroskopskom izgledu, za razliku od zuba koji su tretirani Coca-Cola-om i Schweppes Bitter Lemon-om čiji intenzitet izmenjenosti raste u funkciji vremena, s tim da je statitički značajna razlika prisutna između pojedinih vremenskih intervala. S obzirom na erozivni potencijal i promene koje gazirani napitci izazivaju u in vitro uslovima, potrebno je preduzeti odgovarajuće preventivne mere kako bi se smanjio njihov uticaj na zube u in vivo uslovima.</p> / <p>Due to the fact that prevalence of dental erosion significantly increased in modern society, it is important to investigate its etiological factors and all available preventive measures. The aim of this study was to investigate erosive potential of carbonated beverages and their influence on dental hard tissues, during different intervals.<br />The acidity or pH level was measured for each beverage (carbonated water &bdquo;Knjaz Milos&ldquo;, Coca-cola and Schweppes Bitter Lemon), on opening of the bottle, after 5 minutes and 60 minutes, and after 12 hours and 24 hours immersion of tooth samples in adequate beverage. In this study, microscopic changes of dental tissues were examined using a scanning electron microphotography of outer surface of enamel and longitudinal section of enamel and dentin, after exposure to beverages during 5 and 60 minutes, 12 and 24 hours, and 7 and 30 days, as well as macroscopic changes of tooth color and structure at same intervals. Individually adopted scales were used for grading of the severity of microscopic and macroscopic changes.<br />Initiated pH value of each tested beverage was lower than critical pH for enamel demineralisation. SEM images of enamel and dentin showed different morphology changes, which intensivity depended on type of beverages and time that sample were stored. Central type of demineralisation was visible on samples treated with carbonated water and Coca-Cola, while peripheral type of demineralisation was detected on samples treated with Schweppes Bitter Lemon. The intensity of alterations of dental tissues increased during time, but there was not statistically significant difference between all intervals. There wasn&rsquo;t detected macroscopic changes on teeth stored in carbonated water, while teeth treated with Coca-Cola and Schweppes Bitter Lemon showed changes which intensity increased during time, but statistically significant difference between all intervals wasn&rsquo;t detected. Due to erosive potential and changes influenced by carbonated beverages in vitro, preventive measures are necessary for reducing their effect on teeth in vivo.</p>

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of aqueous solutions of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) in different concentrations on bond strength to eroded dentin up to 6 months, using normal dentin as a control. METHODS: Exposed flat dentin of extracted third molars was only ground with 600-grit SiC paper/1 minute (normal dentin - N), or subsequently eroded by a regular-cola soft-drink (eroded dentin - E). N and E were acid-etched, washed, dried and rehydrated with 1.5 μL, respectively, of distillated water (control - NC / EC); of 0.004% CHX (N0.004% / E0.004%); or of 2% CHX (N2% / E2%). Adper Single Bond 2 was applied in all specimens and resin composite buildups were constructed with Filtek Z350. Specimens were sectioned in beams, which were tested (μTBS) immediately or after 6 months of aging. RESULTS: Microtensile bond strength to eroded dentin was always significantly lower than that to normal dentin. Application of tested CHX solutions did not exert a significant effect immediately; however, after aging, the 2% CHX prevented abrupt bond strength loss both to eroded and normal dentin. / Revisión por pares

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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / PURPOSE: To assess the long-term effect of a 2% aqueous chlorhexidine (CHX) solution on bond strength to artificially eroded dentin compared to sound dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Flat mid-coronal dentin surfaces of extracted third molars (n = 28) were subjected only to grinding with a 600-grit SiC paper for 1 min (sound dentin S, n = 14) or additionally to erosive pH cycling with a cola-based soft-drink (eroded dentin E, n = 14). After acid etching, rinsing, and air drying, S and E were rehydrated with 1.5 μl of 2% CHX (S2%, n = 7; E2%, n = 7) or of distilled water (control SC, n = 7; EC, n = 7). Composite buildups were incrementally constructed with Filtek Z350 following Adper Single Bond 2 application. Specimens were sectioned into beams, which were subjected to microtensile testing immediately or after 6 or 12 months of aging. Fractured surfaces were observed under a digital microscope (50X magnification). Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) (MPa) was analyzed by three-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05) and failure mode by the Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Compared to sound dentin, eroded dentin was consistently related to lower μTBS. Immediately and after 12-month aging, the effect of CHX was insignificant, but it was significant after 6-month aging, when it conserved the bond strength to both eroded and sound dentin. The percentage of adhesive and mixed failures were equivalent, and significantly more frequent than cohesive failures, whether in dentin or in composite. CONCLUSION: The 2% CHX effect on bond strength conservation to both eroded and sound dentin was not found to be persistent. / Revisión por pares

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / PURPOSE: To assess the influence of simulated oral erosive/abrasive challenges on the bond strength of an etch-and-rinse two-step bonding system to enamel using an in situ/ex vivo protocol. METHODS: Bovine enamel blocks were prepared and randomly assigned to four groups: CONT - control (no challenge), ABR - 3x/day-1 minute toothbrushing; ERO - 3x/day - 5 minutes extraoral immersion into regular Coca Cola; and ERO+ABR - erosive protocol followed by a 1-minute toothbrushing. Eight blocks were placed into an acrylic palatal appliance for each volunteer (n = 13), who wore the appliance for 5 days. Two blocks were subjected to each of the four challenges. Subsequently, all the blocks were washed with tap water and Adper Single Bond 2/Filtek Z350 were placed. After 24 hours, 1 mm2 beams were obtained from each block to be tested with the microtensile bond strength test (50 N load at 0.5 mm/minute). The data were statistically analyzed by one-way RM-ANOVA and Tukey's tests (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: No difference was detected among the ABR, ERO, and CONT groups (P > 0.05). ERO+ABR group yielded lower bond strengths than either the ABR and ERO groups (P < 0.0113). / Revisión por pares