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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Avaliação de estratégias de ensino sobre “Geriatria e Gerontologia” na graduação em medicina

Lucchetti, Alessandra Lamas Granero 28 April 2017 (has links)
Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2017-06-19T11:05:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 alessandralamasgranerolucchetti.pdf: 20713576 bytes, checksum: 7e1ad2696b7d8c9113c79b720c7f676b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-06-29T12:18:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 alessandralamasgranerolucchetti.pdf: 20713576 bytes, checksum: 7e1ad2696b7d8c9113c79b720c7f676b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-29T12:18:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 alessandralamasgranerolucchetti.pdf: 20713576 bytes, checksum: 7e1ad2696b7d8c9113c79b720c7f676b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-28 / Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional é uma realidade mundial e essa rápida transição demográfica traz novos desafios à medicina. Nesse contexto, a incorporação do ensino da geriatria torna-se uma necessidade no ensino médico. Entretanto, ainda são poucos os estudos que avaliam o quanto essas intervenções poderiam repercutir na formação do estudante de medicina. Trazer evidências científicas sobre o ensino médico nessa área pode auxiliar na definição de estratégias didáticas em geriatria, necessárias a um efetivo processo ensino-aprendizagem e baseadas em evidências. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto de diferentes estratégias educacionais sobre o tema “Geriatria e Gerontologia” ao longo da graduação no desenvolvimento de competências do estudante de medicina perante o idoso. Método: Foi realizado um estudo de intervenção em educação (desenho pré-pós teste com grupo controle não randomizado) em diferentes períodos do curso de medicina da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. No primeiro período foram comparadas novas estratégias educacionais breves (oficinas “vivência do envelhecimento” e “mitos do envelhecimento”) em relação a uma turma controle (não submetida à intervenção). No quinto período, duas diferentes estratégias educacionais incorporadas a uma disciplina teóricoprática de geriatria (flipped classroom/sala de aula invertida e aulas expositivas) foram comparadas a um grupo controle (que não teve a intervenção). Todos os alunos foram avaliados quanto à sua atitude perante o idoso (Maxwell-Sullivan, UCLA geriatric atittudes, Neri), empatia (Maxwell-Sullivan), conhecimento (Palmore, conhecimentos cognitivos) e no grupo submetido às intervenções foram avaliadas ainda as habilidades (mediante a utilização de uma avaliação com paciente padronizado) e a opinião dos estudantes sobre a disciplina. Os dados foram avaliados por meio de estatística descritiva e com a utilização de teste t ou ANOVA para medidas independentes (comparação entre grupos) e teste t ou ANOVA para medidas repetidas (para avaliação em diferentes momentos). Resultados: Foram avaliados 230 alunos do primeiro período, que foram divididos em 72 do grupo “controle" - GC, 82 do grupo “vivência do envelhecimento" - VE e 76 do grupo “mitos do envelhecimento" - ME). Comparando-se cada grupo no pós e pré intervenção, o grupo VE teve piora da atitude geral, menor índice de conhecimento e um maior negativismo, porém com aumento da empatia. Já o grupo ME, teve melhora da atitude geral, maior conhecimento e maior positivismo. Na comparação entre essas diferentes estratégias, o ME teve maior atitude e conhecimento em relação aos grupos VE e grupo “controle”. No quinto período, foram avaliados 243 estudantes, sendo 77 do grupo “controle” – GC (sem exposição a geriatria), 83 do grupo exposto ao método tradicional (TR) e 83 do grupo exposto ao método flipped classroom (FL). Apesar do grupo TR e FL terem apresentado grande aumento no conhecimento, atitudes e habilidades em relação ao GC e comparando-se antes e após a intervenção, o grupo FL apresentou maior ganho de conhecimento dos estudantes e um aumento na atitude comparado com o TR. Não houve diferença na avaliação de habilidades com paciente simulado. Os estudantes submetidos a FL sentiam-se mais preparados para atender o idoso, julgavam ter um maior conhecimento e avaliaram melhor o formato da disciplina em relação ao grupo tradicional no questionário de avaliação da disciplina. Conclusão: O presente estudo mostra que estratégias breves ou mais longas no ensino da geriatria podem impactar o conhecimento, atitude, empatia e a percepção a respeito das mesmas pelos estudantes, dependendo da forma com que são oferecidas. Esses resultados mostram a importância de aferir as estratégias educacionais no ensino médico para que seja possível verificar de que forma, em quais situações e em que contexto tais atividades são mais efetivas, orientando suas escolhas no decorrer do processo ensino-aprendizagem. / Introduction: The aging of the population is a global reality and this rapidly demographic transition brings new challenges to medicine. Within this context, the implementation of geriatric teaching in medical education is needed. However, few studies have already investigated how these educational interventions may impact the medical student training. New scientific evidence in this field can help in choosing new evidence-based educational strategies aiming an effective teaching-learning process. Objectives: To investigate the impact of different educational strategies on the subject “Geriatrics and Gerontology” in the development of medical students’ competences towards older people in different moments of undergraduate training. Methods: An educational intervention-based study (pre-post test design with a nonrandomized controlled group) was carried out in different undergraduate moments at the school of medicine – Federal University of Juiz de Fora (Brazil). In the first semester of the medical course, brief new educational strategies (“Experiencing aging/Aging game” and “myths of aging”) were compared to a control group (not submitted to any intervention). In the fifth semester of the medical course, during a theoretical and practical “Geriatrics and Gerontology” subject, two educational strategies (flipped classroom and traditional lectures) were compared to a control group (not submitted to any intervention). All students were evaluated through their attitudes towards older persons (Maxwell-Sullivan, UCLA geriatric attitudes, Aging semantic differential), empathy (Maxwell-Sullivan) and knowledge (Palmore and cognitive knowledge). In the groups submitted to the intervention, we have also evaluated their skills (through a standardized patient assessment) and their opinions/satisfaction with the activities. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA for independent samples (comparison between groups) and t-test or ANOVA for repeated measures (comparison between different moments). Results: A total of 230 students were assessed in the first semester of the course and were divided in the following groups: 72 in the control group – CG, 82 in the “experiencing aging” group – EA and 76 in the “myths of aging” group - MA. Comparing pre and post test scores, EA group had a greater negativism and a worsening of attitude and knowledge, but an improvement in empathy. On the other hand, the MA intervention was associated with an improved attitude, knowledge and a positive view about aging. Comparing these different strategies, MA showed better attitude and knowledge in relation to EA and the control group. In the fifth semester, a total of 243 students were assessed, 77 in the control group – CG, 83 in the group exposed to traditional lectures (TR) and 83 exposed to the flipped classroom method (FL). Although both intervention groups showed a great increase in the attitudes, knowledge and skills comparing pre/post intervention and in comparison to the CG, the FL group showed higher knowledge and attitude than the TR group. We found no differences in the skills using a standardized patient. In addition, students in the FL intervention, felt more prepared to interview an older person, felt they had more knowledge and rated higher the discipline in comparison to the TR group. Conclusion: The present study shows that brief or long-term educational strategies in the teaching of geriatrics can impact the knowledge, attitude, empathy and students’ satisfaction, depending of the way these strategies are offered. These data highlight the importance of assessing the outcomes of educational strategies in medical teaching to ascertain in what manner, situations and settings these activities may be more effective in the teaching-learning process.
2

A Needs Assessment for the Continuing Education of Department of Human Resources Social Caseworkers

Jones, Danson R. 08 1900 (has links)
This study assesses the continuing education needs of social caseworkers employed by the Community Care for the Aged, Blind and Disabled Program Division of the Texas State Department of Human Resources. A model by which needs assessments and discrepancy evaluation can be conducted was identified. The study was designed to answer three major questions. These were (1) What are the behavioral competencies critical to the effective practice of C.C.A.B.D. social casework within the Texas State Department of Human Resources? (2) What are the current continuing education needs of C.C.A.B.D. caseworkers with respect to these competencies? (3) What significant discrepancies exist as to the perception of these needs among caseworkers, supervisors, and administrators that hold implications for continuing education program planning. The needs assessment model developed in this study is designed to overcome many of the limitations of traditional approaches to needs assessment by defining critical job requirements from the perspective of current practice as well as administrative policy, establishing a profile of the successful worker as a model for staff development, and integrating the perceptions of administrators, supervisors, and workers in identifying continuing education needs.

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