Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:03:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LissandraSQ.pdf: 1069993 bytes, checksum: 556a7ed5b99d34531ce7aab70a3ea3cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The mushrooms have been object of intense research in view of its potential raising of application in different sectors of the pharmacology and alimentary industry. Among diverse bioactive composites of polyssacharides nature that exist in the fungus the glucans are much searched. These are polymers of glucose and classified as the type of glicosidic linking [&#945;, &#946;]. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), ranscription factors belonging to the family of nuclear receptors that bind themselves o specific agonists, have shown their importance in controlling the inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to perform a chemical characterization of extract rom the mushroom Caripia montagnei, assess its antiinflammatory and antibacterial effect and determine if this effect occurs via PPAR. This mushroom is composed of carbohydrates (63.3?4.1%), lipids (21.4l?0.9%) and proteins (2.2? 0.3%). The aqueous solution resulting from the fractionation contained carbohydrates (98.7?3.3%) and protein (1.3?0.25%). Analyses of infrared spectrophotometry and of nuclear magnetic esonance demonstrated that the extract of mushroom C. montagnei is rich in &#946;-glucans. In hioglycolate-induced peritonitis, the C. montagnei glucans (50 mg/kg) educed the inflammatory process in 65.5?5.2% and agonists, pharmacological igands, for PPAR: Wy-14643 (49.3?6.1%), PFOA (48.9?3.8%) and clofibrate in 45.2?3.2%. Sodium diclofenac showed a reduction of 81.65?0.6%. In the plantar edema, the glucans from C. montagnei (50 mg/kg) and L-NAME reduced the edema to a similar degree 91.4?0.3% and 92.8?0,5 %, respectively. In all the groups tested, nitric oxide (NO), an inflammation mediator, showed a significant reduction in the nitrate/nitrite levels when compared to the positive control (P<0.001). The C. montagnei glucans did not show cytotoxicity in the concentrations tested (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 ?g/100 ?L). Antibacterial activity demonstrated that, unlike total extract, there was no inhibition of bacterial growth. The C. montagnei glucans show great potential for antiinflammatory applications. This effect suggests that it is mediated by PPAR activation and by COX and iNOS inhibition / Os fungos tem sido objeto de intensa pesquisa, tendo em vista seu elevado potencial de aplica??o em diferentes setores da ind?stria farmacol?gica e alimentar. Dentre os diversos compostos bioativos de natureza polissacar?dica presentes nos fungos as glucanas est?o entre os mais pesquisados. Estes s?o pol?meros de glucose amplamente distribu?dos na natureza e classificadas conforme o tipo de liga??o glicos?dica [&#945;, &#946;]. Os Receptores Ativados por Proliferadores de Peroxissoma (PPARs) s?o fatores de transcri??o, pertencentes ? fam?lia de receptores nucleares que se ligam a agonistas espec?ficos e possuem grande import?ncia no controle do processo inflamat?rio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a caracteriza??o qu?mica do extrato do fungo Caripia montagnei, avaliar seu efeito antiinflamat?rio e antibacteriano, al?m de verificar se este efeito acontece via PPAR. C.montagnei ? constitu?do de carboidratos (63.3 ? 0.73%), lip?deos (21.4? 0.9%) e prote?nas (2.2?0.4%). O extrato aquoso resultante do fracionamento desse fungo mostrou ser constitu?do por carboidratos (98.7?0.9%) e prote?na (1.3?0.8%). As an?lises de espectrofotometria de infravermelho e de resson?ncia magn?tica nuclear (NMR) demonstraram que o extrato do fungo C. montagnei ? rico em &#946;-glucanas. Na peritonite induzida por tioglicolato, o extrato de Caripia montagnei (50 mg/Kg) conseguiu reduzir o processo inflamat?rio em 65.5? 0.9%, este valor ? superior a Wy-14643 (49.3?0.65%), PFOA (48.9?0,69%) e clofibrato (35.2?0,95%), que s?o agonistas de PPAR-&#945;, e semelhante ao diclofenaco (81.6? 0,79). No edema plantar as glucanas de C. montagnei (50 mg/Kg) e o L-NAME apresentaram redu??o do edema de forma semelhante, 91.4?1.1% e 92,8?0.9%, respectivamente. O ?xido n?trico (NO), mediadores da inflama??o mostrou que em todos os grupos testados houve redu??o significativa (P<0.001) dos n?veis de nitrato/nitrito quando comparados ao controle positivo. No ensaio de citotoxicidade as glucanas de C. montagnei n?o apresentaram toxicidade nas concentra??es testadas (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 e 40.0 ug/100uL) no per?odo de 4 horas. A atividade antibacteriana (30, 90 e 150 mg/mL) revelou que n?o houve inibi??o do crescimento bacteriano. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho indicam que as glucanas de Caripia montagnei possuem um grande potencial de aplica??o como antiinflamat?rio. Este efeito ? mediado parcialmente por ativa??o dos PPARs e por inibi??o da COX e iNOS

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:03:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaSNS_TESE.pdf: 2303324 bytes, checksum: d055f1a32ee94b3ffe5f389dbf9dffe0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-08 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Compounds derived from fungi has been the subject of many studies in order to broaden the knowledge of their bioactive potential. Polysaccharides from Caripia montagnei have been described to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, glucans extracted from Caripia montagnei mushroom were chemically characterized and their effects evaluated at different doses and intervals of treatment. It was also described their action on colonic injury in the model of colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), and its action on cells of the human colon carcinoma (HT-29). Compounds extracted of C. montagnei contain high level of carbohydrates (96%), low content of phenolic compounds (1.5%) and low contamination with proteins (2.5%). The (FT-IR) and (NMR) analysis showed that polysaccharides from this species of mushroom are composed of &#945;- and &#946;-glucans. The colonic damage was evaluated by macroscopic, histological, biochemical and immunologic analyses. The results showed a reduction of colonic lesions in all groups treated with the glucans of Caripia montagnei (GCM). GCM significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 (50 and 75 mg/kg, p < 0.05), a major inflammatory cytokine. Biochemical analyses showed that such glucans acted on reducing levels of alkaline phosphatase (75 mg/kg, p < 0.01), nitric oxide (p < 0.001), and myeloperoxidase (p < 0.001). These results were confirmed microscopically by the reduction of cellular infiltration. The increase of catalase activity suggest a protective effect of GCM on colonic tissue, confirming their anti-inflammatory potential. GCM displayed cytostatic activity against HT-29 cells, causing accumulation of cells in G1 phase, blocking the cycle cell progression. Those glucans also showed ability to modulate the adhesion of HT-29 cells to Matrigel? and reduced the oxidative stress. The antiproliferative activity against HT-29 cells displayed by GCM (p <0.001) can be attributed to its cytostatic activity and induction of apoptosis by GCM / Compostos derivados de fungos tem sido alvo de muitos estudos a fim de desenvolver o conhecimento acerca de seu potencial bioativo. Polissacar?deos de Caripia montagnei j? foram descritos por possu?rem propriedades anti-inflamat?ria e antioxidante. Neste estudo, os polissacar?deos extra?dos do fungo Caripia montagnei foram caracterizados quimicamente e seus efeitos sobre as les?es intestinais foram avaliados em diferentes intervalos de tratamento no modelo de colite induzida por ?cido 2,4,6 - trinitrobenzenossulf?nico (TNBS), verificou-se ainda sua a??o sobre c?lulas do carcinoma de c?lon humano, HT-29. Na an?lise realizada no extrato obtido de C. montagnei foi verificado que este ? formado principalmente, por carboidratos (96%) apresentando um baixo teor de compostos fen?licos (1,5%) e baixa contamina??o prot?ica (2,5%). As an?lises por espectroscopia de infra vermelho (FT-IR) e resson?ncia magn?tica nuclear (RMN) mostraram que os polissacar?deos desta esp?cie de fungo s?o &#945; e &#946; -glucanas. O dano col?nico foi avaliado por an?lises macrosc?picas, histol?gicas, bioqu?micas e imunol?gicas. Os resultados mostraram a redu??o das les?es no c?lon em todos os grupos tratados com as glucanas (GCM). GCM reduziram significativamente os n?veis de IL-6 (50 e 75 mg/Kg, p < 0,05), uma importante citocina inflamat?ria. As an?lises bioqu?micas mostraram que essas glucanas atuaram na redu??o dos n?veis de fosfatase alcalina (75 mg/Kg, p < 0,01), ?xido n?trico (p < 0,001) e mieloperoxidase (p < 0,001). Estes resultados foram confirmados pela redu??o da infiltra??o celular observado microscopicamente. O aumento da atividade da catalase, sugere um efeito protetor de GCM no tecido do c?lon, o que confirma o seu potencial anti-inflamat?rio. GCM mostraram atividade citost?tica sobre as c?lulas HT-29, causando ac?mulo de c?lulas na fase G1 e impedindo, assim, a progress?o do ciclo celular. As glucanas deste estudo tamb?m mostraram habilidade em modular a ades?o de c?lulas HT-29 ao Matrigel? e reduzir o estresse oxidativo nessas c?lulas. A atividade antiproliferativa contra c?lulas HT-29 exibida por GCM pode ser atribu?da ? sua a??o citost?tica ou indu??o da apoptose por essas glucanas