The influence of pathologies to blood pressure and velocity in blood vessels.

The influence of pathologies to blood pressure and velocity in blood vessels.

Access to abstract permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only / School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science

Access to abstract permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only / School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science

Access to abstract permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only / School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science

Background: Parameters of carotid atherosclerosis dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) are associated with stroke risk indices, but studies have only evaluated symptomatic arteries. I hypothesized that DCE-MRI parameters are different between carotid atherosclerotic plaques at high and low risk for precipitating ischemic stroke. Methods: High and low risk carotid plaques undergoing nonmodel-based DCE-MRI (n=18) were compared using two independent schema: 1) clinical standard (high risk defined as ipsilateral stroke/TIA <1 week old or stenosis >70%); 2) MRI standard (high risk defined as presence of intraplaque hemorrhage [IPH]). Results: IPH-positive plaques (n=9) exhibited greater area under the curve, early and late enhancement rate, and peak enhancement than IPH-negative plaques (n=9) (p<0.05 for all). High (n=8) and low (n=7) risk plaques defined by clinical criteria were not differentiated by any DCE-MRI parameters. Conclusions: Nonmodel-based DCE-MRI discriminates high versus low risk carotid plaque based on the presence of IPH, but not by clinical criteria.

Background: Parameters of carotid atherosclerosis dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) are associated with stroke risk indices, but studies have only evaluated symptomatic arteries. I hypothesized that DCE-MRI parameters are different between carotid atherosclerotic plaques at high and low risk for precipitating ischemic stroke. Methods: High and low risk carotid plaques undergoing nonmodel-based DCE-MRI (n=18) were compared using two independent schema: 1) clinical standard (high risk defined as ipsilateral stroke/TIA <1 week old or stenosis >70%); 2) MRI standard (high risk defined as presence of intraplaque hemorrhage [IPH]). Results: IPH-positive plaques (n=9) exhibited greater area under the curve, early and late enhancement rate, and peak enhancement than IPH-negative plaques (n=9) (p<0.05 for all). High (n=8) and low (n=7) risk plaques defined by clinical criteria were not differentiated by any DCE-MRI parameters. Conclusions: Nonmodel-based DCE-MRI discriminates high versus low risk carotid plaque based on the presence of IPH, but not by clinical criteria.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna. Materiais e Métodos: Em 12 suínos sadios, com peso variando entre 25 e 50kg, sendo 5 machos e 7 fêmeas, foi confeccionado aneurisma na artéria carótida comum direita. Após arteriotomia elípitica foi realizada anastomose término-lateral com coto distal de veia jugular interna. O volume do aneurisma era calculado de maneira que o valor não excedia em 27 vezes o valor da área da arteriotomia. Após 6 dias era realizada angiografia e a análise microscópica dos aneurismas para avaliar perviedade, trombose parcial ou total dos mesmos. Resultados: Houve ganho de peso significante dos suínos no intervalo de tempo entre a confecção do aneurisma e a angiografia (p=0,04). Foi observada perviedade aneurismática em 10 suínos (83%). Ocorreu infecção de ferida operatória em 2 animais (16,6%) ambas com início de aparecimento 3 dias após a confecção do aneurisma. Após análise histológica dos aneurismas, foram detectados trombos ocluindo parcialmente a luz aneurismática em 9 suínos (75%). Nesses animais observou-se que em média 9% da luz aneurismática estava preenchida por trombos. Conclusão: O modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna foi desenvolvido. / Purpose: To develop an stable experimental model of carotid artey saccular aneurysm in swine using the internal jugular vein. Methods: In 12 healthy swines, weighing between 25 and 50kg, 5 males and 7 females, aneurysms were made aneurysm in the right common carotid artery. After elliptical arteriotomy it was made end-to-side anastomosis with the distal stump of the internal jugular vein. The volume of aneurysms was calculated in a way that the value did not exceed on 27 times the value of the area of arteriotomy. After six days was performed angiography and microscopic analysis of aneurysms to assess patency, partial or total thrombosis of them. Results: There was a significant weight gain of swines in the time interval between the making of the aneurysm and angiography (p = 0.04). Aneurysmal patency was observed in 10 swines (83%). Wound infection occurred in 2 animals (16.6%) both with early onset 3 days after making of the aneurysm. After histological analysis of aneurysms, thrombus were founded partially occluding the light aneurysm in 9 animals (75%). In these animals it was observed that in average 9% of the aneurysmal lumen was filled with thrombus. Conclusion: The stable experimental model of carotid artey saccular aneurysm in swine using the internal jugular vein was developed.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 YulaPSFM.pdf: 708367 bytes, checksum: 584063c3482009b3938988852969467d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-13 / High carotid artery resistance indices in the elderly arise mainly as a result of harmful daily lifestyle behavior and poor eating habits. The aim of this multidisciplinary study was to assess and correlate carotid artery resistance and functional autonomy in elderly women. A descriptive, exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample comprising 27 women, enrolled in pastoral programs in the city of Teresina, Brazil. Carotid artery resistance was assessed by a high-resolution Doppler ultrasound device and functional autonomy was evaluated through five protocol tests of the Latin American Development Group for the Elderly (GDLAM), simulating activities of daily life. The data were analyzed by the Shapiro-Wilk test and the correlation by Spearman s test, considering a p-value of <0.05. The sample consisted of women with mean age and standard deviation of (68.67 ? 4.52) years, respectively and carotid resistance index of (0.71 ? 0.07). The general index value of functional autonomy classified the elderly of the study group as weak in the performance of activities of daily living (30.46 ? 6.31). The general index of functional autonomy showed a high level of sedentary behavior in the group studied (p < 0.01). The sample was classified as weak in the performance of activities of daily life. The correlation coefficient between the carotid resistance index and the general GDLAM index was r = 0.998 and p = 0.000, showing a significant correlation. The elderly women assessed had a high carotid artery resistance index and low functional autonomy; a positive correlation was found between the dependent variables studied. To perform this study we formed a team composed of a nurse, who helped in organizing the sample and performing the examinations; a radiologist, who conducted the Doppler examinations; an angiologist, who collaborated in interpreting examination data; in addition to two physical education professors and two physical therapists, who applied the functional autonomy tests and conducted the 34 research along elderly health lines, contributing thus to the multidisciplinary character, fundamental for carrying out the study / Altos ?ndices de resistividade na car?tida em pessoas idosas, surgem em conseq??ncia, principalmente, dos maus h?bitos de vida relacionados ?s atividades desempenhadas no dia-a-dia e ? alimenta??o. Este estudo multidisciplinar teve por objetivo avaliar e correlacionar a resist?ncia da art?ria car?tida e a autonomia funcional em mulheres idosas. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo explorat?rio de corte transversal sendo a amostra composta por 27 senhoras, advindas de projetos sociais de pastorais de igreja da cidade de Teresina Pi. Foi aplicado o question?rio de libera??o para a atividade f?sica (PAR-Q). A resist?ncia das art?rias car?tidas foi avaliada por aparelho de ultra-som de alta resolu??o com Doppler e a autonomia funcional atrav?s de cinco testes do protocolo do Grupo de Desenvolvimento Latino-americano da Maturidade (GDLAM), simulando atividades da vida di?ria. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste Shapiro-Wilk e a correla??o pelo teste de Spearman, considerando-se um valor de p<0,05. Caracterizando a amostra, encontraram-se mulheres com faixa et?ria de m?dia e desvio-padr?o, respectivamente (68,67?4,52) e ?ndice de resistividade da car?tida (0,71?0,07). O valor do ?ndice geral de autonomia funcional classificou as idosas do grupo estudado como fracas no desempenho das atividades da vida di?ria (30,40?6,31), admitindo p<0,01. Houve correla??o positiva entre o ?ndice de resistividade da car?tida interna direita e todos os testes de autonomia funcional realizados. O coeficiente de correla??o entre o ?ndice de resistividade da car?tida e o ?ndice geral do protocolo GDLAM foi de r=0,998 e p=0,000, demonstrando correla??o significativa. As idosas avaliadas possuem um alto ?ndice de resistividade da art?ria car?tida e uma baixa autonomia funcional, constatando-se correla??o positiva entre as vari?veis dependentes estudadas. Para a realiza??o desta pesquisa, foi necess?ria uma equipe formada por uma enfermeira, que auxiliou na organiza??o da amostra e realiza??o dos exames; uma m?dica radiologista, que realizou os exames de Doopler; um angiologista como colaborador na interpreta??o dos dados do exame; dois educadores f?sicos e dois fisioterapeutas para a realiza??o dos testes de autonomia funcional e a orienta??o da pesquisa na linha de Sa?de do Idoso, contribuindo assim, para o car?ter multidisciplinar fundamental na realiza??o de estudos cient?ficos