Né d’une réaction à la sécularisation apportée par la Révolution française, le « renouveau catholique » ou la « renaissance catholique » est un mouvement d’artistes et d’intellectuels catholiques particulièrement actif entre 1885 et 1935. Dans la droite ligne du catholicisme intransigeant dont il procède, il entend œuvrer à remplacer la société moderne par une société chrétienne, en rendant à Dieu sa place dans l’art et la pensée. De sa conversion en 1886 jusqu’à son abandon de la littérature pour l’exégèse au cours des années trente, Claudel, catholique intransigeant et écrivain, appartient à ce mouvement. Pourtant, il s’en tient à distance, ne collaborant que de façon irrégulière et précaire à ses différentes initiatives et ne nouant que d’incertaines ou de mauvaises relations avec la plupart des autres écrivains catholiques. Comment le comprendre ? Il faut voir que, loin de lui être particulière, la situation est emblématique de l’histoire du mouvement : la répression antimoderniste qui a provoqué la naissance de l’écrivain catholique et orienté l’action littéraire catholique vers la défense de l’Église, trace aussi les limites à ne pas dépasser. Or la tentative d’art chrétien, désireuse de montrer la présence du surnaturel dans le monde des hommes, apparaît bien souvent comme un naturalisme, c’est-à-dire une réduction du surnaturel à l’humain. C’est ce naturalisme que Claudel reproche à la plupart des membres du renouveau, pourtant engagés comme lui dans le même projet de réconcilier le monde moderne avec le catholicisme. / Appeared in reaction to post-revolutionary secularization, the Catholic Revival is a French movement uniting catholic artists and intellectuals, particularly active between 1885 and 1935. Rooted in intransigent Catholicism, it aims at replacing modern society with a Christian one, in which God would be given back his place in art and mind. From his conversion in 1886, until he abandoned literature for biblical exegesis during the thirties, Claudel, as a writer and intransigent Catholic, belongs to that movement. He nevertheless remains on the fringe of it, participating only occasionally for limited works to its several initiatives. He builds only uncertain or bad relations with most of the other Catholic writers. How can we understand this? Far from being Claudel’s particularity, this situation symbolizes the history of the Catholic Revival, which was simultaneously guided and controlled by anti-modernism repression. Yet the attempt of a Christian art, eager to show the presence of the supernatural in men’s world, often appears as a form of naturalism, in others words as a reduction of supernatural to human stage. Claudel reproaches the most part of the Revival members for this naturalism, even if they are involved, just as he is, in the common project of reconciliation between Catholicism and modern world.

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The work deals with Christian themes in the works Durych. Processing was done by theoretical research. Firstly, it deals with the life of the author, then historical and cultural context of that time. There are also included other representatives of Catholic literature after the first World War. Another part is devoted to analysis Durych´s works specifically Bloudění, Rekviem, Služebníci neužiteční, Masopust, Boží duha and Sedmikráska. It is also taken in to account to the artist's correspondence with Jakub Deml and theoretical works of Jaroslav Med and Martin C. Putna.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine methods, forms, and processes for presenting the lives and work of the Czech catholic poets Jan Zahradníček, Bohuslav Reynek, and Josef Kostohryz during high-school literature lessons. Furthermore, the objective is to propose ways of introducing the young generation of readers to catholic poetry as a source of existentialist questions pertaining to life and existence, deep personal experiences, and spirituality regardless of their individual religious beliefs and preferences. Since this thesis is primarily intended to serve as a tool for high-school teachers, the text contains an extensive section that describes the general aspects of the proposed didactic approach, where the aim is to facilitate orientation in the proposed concept on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to define the foregoing aspects because they constitute the basis of the concept. The concept chosen as a means for achieving the objectives of the thesis is based on the principles, teaching methods, and forms of innovative learning. Innovative learning is based on the constructivist model and on an approach to teaching literature that is based on readership, interpretation, and creativity, where focus concentrates on the active and independent work of students, receptive and productive...

This thesis is an investigation into the nature of the 'postmodern' narrative strategies and fictional methods in the work of two British Catholic writers. The work of David Lodge and Muriel Spark is here taken as an example ofthe 'Catholic novel'. In order to determine ifthe overlap ofpostmodern. and Christian-influenced narrative strategies constitutes more than a convergence or coincidence of formal concerns, narrative form in these novels is analyzed in the light of neo-Tho mist and Tho mist aesthetics, a traditional Catholic Christian theory of the arts. The 'postmodern' in these 'Christian' texts becomes largely a coincidence of terminology. Narrative forms which can be classified as 'postmodern' can also be categorized using the terminology of Thomas Aquinas. The apparent similarities betray radically divergent metaphysical presuppositions, however. The nature of the Catholic 'difference' lies in the way postmodern forms are used to challenge the metaphysical bases of those forms. / English Studies / M.A. (English)

This thesis is an investigation into the nature of the 'postmodern' narrative strategies and fictional methods in the work of two British Catholic writers. The work of David Lodge and Muriel Spark is here taken as an example ofthe 'Catholic novel'. In order to determine ifthe overlap ofpostmodern. and Christian-influenced narrative strategies constitutes more than a convergence or coincidence of formal concerns, narrative form in these novels is analyzed in the light of neo-Tho mist and Tho mist aesthetics, a traditional Catholic Christian theory of the arts. The 'postmodern' in these 'Christian' texts becomes largely a coincidence of terminology. Narrative forms which can be classified as 'postmodern' can also be categorized using the terminology of Thomas Aquinas. The apparent similarities betray radically divergent metaphysical presuppositions, however. The nature of the Catholic 'difference' lies in the way postmodern forms are used to challenge the metaphysical bases of those forms. / English Studies / M.A. (English)