VIEIRA, A. M.Eficácia do extrato aquoso de maytenus rigida mart. (celastraceae) na lesão gástrica induzida por etanol em camundongos: análise do envolvimento de óxido nítrico, prostaglandinas, receptores opioides e α-2-adrenérgicos. 2013. 79 f. Dissertação(Mestrado em Biotecnologia) - Campus de Sobral, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Sobral, 2013 / Submitted by Djeanne Costa (djeannecosta@gmail.com) on 2016-03-31T15:31:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_amvieira.pdf: 2253622 bytes, checksum: b333e01ad53edb141dfa6ed224148d81 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Djeanne Costa(djeannecosta@gmail.com) on 2016-03-31T15:32:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_amvieira.pdf: 2253622 bytes, checksum: b333e01ad53edb141dfa6ed224148d81 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-31T15:32:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_amvieira.pdf: 2253622 bytes, checksum: b333e01ad53edb141dfa6ed224148d81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Maytenus rigida Mart. (Celastraceae) pupularly known as “bom-homem”, “bom-nome”, “Cabelo de Negro”, “Casca-grossa”, Chapéu de couro” or “pau-de-colher” is a native species in the northeast region of Brazil, used in folk medicine in the tratament of inflammatory diseases, gastrointestinal disorders such diarrhea, dysentery and ulcers, kidney problems, hypertension, impotence and rheumatism. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the possible mechanism (s) of action underlying the gastroprotective effect of aqueous extract (AE) of Maytenus rigida in Swiss mice, in the gastric injury model induced by absolute ethanol. Fasted mice received AE (100, 200 or 400 mg/Kg, p.o.) 1h prior to oral administration of absolute ethanol (0,2 mL/animal). Groups treated with saline and ranitidine were used as controls. The stomachs were macroscopically and microscopically examined. Additionally, different pharmacologixal tools (naloxone, morphine, misoprostol, indomethacin, L-NAME, L-arginine, clonidine or yohimbine) were used in different tests, trying to clarify the possible mechanism (s) of action of AE. The macro and microscopic gastroprotective effect of AE was compared to that showed by ranitidine, on ethanol-induced model (p<0.05); the use of pharmacological tools revealed that the protective effect of AE involves the activation of α-2-adrenergic receptors, opioid receptor and nitric oxide, but do not depends on prostaglandins. The EA has a gastroprotective effects, supporting its traditional use. Its effect is multifactorial, involving the participation of α-2-adrenergic receptors, nitric oxide release and activation of opioids receptors. / Maytenus rigida Mart., (Celastraceae) popularmente conhecida como “bom-homem”, “bom-nome”, “cabelo de negro”, “casca-grossa”, “chapéu de couro” ou “pau-de-colher” é uma espécie nativa do nordeste brasileiro, utilizada na medicina popular no tratamento das doenças inflamatórias, desordens gastrointestinais como diarreia, disenteria e úlceras, problemas renais, hipertensão, impotência sexual e reumatismo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi evidenciar o(s) possível(is) mecanismo(s) de ação subjaentes ao efeito gastroprotetor do extrato aquoso (EA) de Maytenus rigida em camundongos suíços, no modelo de lesão gástrica induzida por etanol absoluto. Camundongos em jejum receberam EA (100, 200 ou 400 mg/Kg, p.o.) 1 h antes da administração oral de etanol absoluto (0,2ml/animal). Grupos tratados com salina e ranitidina foram utilizados como controles. Os estômagos foram analisados macro e microscopicamente. Adicionalmente, foram utilizadas diferentes ferramentas farmacológicas (naloxona, morfina, misoprostol, indometacina, L-NAME, L-arginina, clonidina ou ioimbina) em diferentes ensaios, para tentar esclarecer o(s) possível(is) mecanismo(s) de ação do EA. O efeito gastroprotetor macro e microscópico do EA foi comparado ao exercido pela ranitidina no modelo etanol-induzido (p < 0,05); a utilização de ferramentas farmacológicas revelou que o efeito protetor do EA envolve a ativação de receptores α2-adrenérgicos, receptores opioides, óxido nítrico, mas não depende de prostaglandinas. O EA possui efeito gastroprotetor, corroborando com seu uso tradicional. Seu efeito é multifatorial, envolvendo a participação de receptores α2-adrenérgicos, liberação de óxido nítrico, e ativação de receptores opioides.

Thesis (MSc (Paravet. Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available as hard copy.

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-60). Also available via the Internet.

Law Ka Yee. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 214-225). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.I / ABSTRACT --- p.II / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.VII / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.X / LIST OF TABLES A --- p.XII / APPENDIX --- p.XIII / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Chinese herbs --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Leigongteng --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2.1 --- Leigongteng and its importance --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2.2 --- Chemical components and pharmacological effects of Leigongteng --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Problems in authentication of Leigongteng --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.3.1 --- Taxonomic problems of Tripterygium --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.3.2 --- Confusion caused by other species --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1..3.3 --- Adulterants --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- Celastraceae --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Introduction --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Controversial taxonomic issue --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.1.1 --- Subfamilies of Celastraceae --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.1.2 --- Subfamily Tripterygioideae --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3 --- Molecular authentication --- p.14 / Chapter 1.4 --- Molecular systematics --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- DNA sequence markers --- p.19 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Molecular phylogeny --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.2.1 --- Tree-building method --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.2.2. --- Measures of support --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5 --- Objectives --- p.29 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1 --- Plant and herb samples --- p.31 / Chapter 2.2 --- DNA extraction --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Modified CTAB extraction --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Commercial kit extraction --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3 --- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) condition --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4 --- DNA gel electrophoresis --- p.44 / Chapter 2.5 --- PCR product purification --- p.45 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- GEL-M´ёØ gel extraction system --- p.45 / Chapter 2.6 --- Ligation and transformation --- p.46 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Ligation and transformation --- p.46 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Cell cultivation --- p.47 / Chapter 2.6.3 --- Plasmid extraction --- p.47 / Chapter 2.7 --- Determination of DNA concentration --- p.49 / Chapter 2.8 --- Cycle sequencing --- p.49 / Chapter 2.9 --- Sequence analysis --- p.50 / Chapter 2.10 --- Materials preparation --- p.51 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- MOLECULAR AUTHENTICATION OF LEIGONGTENG --- p.54 / Chapter 3.1. --- Authentication based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region --- p.54 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Sequence alignment --- p.54 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- ITS region nucleotide differences significant in authentication of Leigongteng --- p.55 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Relationship of samples --- p.70 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Comparison of sequences --- p.75 / Chapter 3.2 --- Authentication based on 5s-rDNA region --- p.78 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Sequence alignment --- p.78 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- 5s-rDNA nucleotide differences significant in authentication of Leigongteng --- p.78 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Relationship of samples --- p.88 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Comparison of sequences --- p.90 / Chapter 3.3 --- Authentication based on psbA-trnH region --- p.93 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Sequence alignment --- p.93 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- psbA-trnH nucleotide differences significant in authentication of Leigongteng --- p.101 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Relationship of samples --- p.113 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Comparison of sequences --- p.115 / Chapter 3.4 --- Authentication based on trnL-F region --- p.118 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Sequence alignment --- p.118 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- trnL-F region nucleotide differences significant in authentication of Leigongteng --- p.121 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Relationship of samples --- p.139 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Comparison of sequences --- p.141 / Chapter 3.5 --- Discussion --- p.144 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Molecular markers --- p.144 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- PHYLOGENETIC STUDIES ON TRIPTERYGIUM --- p.151 / Chapter 4.1 --- Combine loci of ITS and 5s-rDNA regions --- p.152 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Homogenity test --- p.152 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Sequence alignment --- p.152 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Phylogenetic study --- p.173 / Chapter 4.2 --- psbA-trnH region --- p.174 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Sequence alignment --- p.174 / Chapter 4.3 --- Discussion --- p.177 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- PHYLOGENETIC STUDIES ON TRIPTERYGIOIDEAE AND CELASTRACEAE --- p.191 / Chapter 5.1 --- ITS regions --- p.191 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Sequence alignment --- p.191 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Phylogenetic analysis --- p.205 / Chapter 5.2 --- Discussion --- p.206 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Subfamily Tripterygioideae --- p.206 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Subfamilies of Celastraceae --- p.210 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX --- CONCLUSION --- p.212 / BILBIOGRAPHY --- p.214

published_or_final_version / Ecology and Biodiversity / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

VIEIRA, A. M. Eficácia do extrato aquoso de maytenus rigida mart. (celastraceae) na lesão gástrica induzida por etanol em camundongos: análise do envolvimento de óxido nítrico, prostaglandinas, receptores opioides e α-2-adrenérgicos. 80 f. Dissertação ( Mestrado em Biotecnologia) - Curso de Medicina, Campus de Sobral, Universidades Federal do Ceará, Sobral , 2013 / Submitted by Djeanne Costa (djeannecosta@gmail.com) on 2016-04-14T15:24:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_amvieira.pdf: 2253622 bytes, checksum: b333e01ad53edb141dfa6ed224148d81 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Djeanne Costa (djeannecosta@gmail.com) on 2016-04-14T15:25:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_amvieira.pdf: 2253622 bytes, checksum: b333e01ad53edb141dfa6ed224148d81 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-14T15:25:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_amvieira.pdf: 2253622 bytes, checksum: b333e01ad53edb141dfa6ed224148d81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Maytenus rigida Mart. (Celastraceae) pupularly known as “bom-homem”, “bom-nome”, “Cabelo de Negro”, “Casca-grossa”, Chapéu de couro” or “pau-de-colher” is a native species in the northeast region of Brazil, used in folk medicine in the tratament of inflammatory diseases, gastrointestinal disorders such diarrhea, dysentery and ulcers, kidney problems, hypertension, impotence and rheumatism. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the possible mechanism (s) of action underlying the gastroprotective effect of aqueous extract (AE) of Maytenus rigida in Swiss mice, in the gastric injury model induced by absolute ethanol. Fasted mice received AE (100, 200 or 400 mg/Kg, p.o.) 1h prior to oral administration of absolute ethanol (0,2 mL/animal). Groups treated with saline and ranitidine were used as controls. The stomachs were macroscopically and microscopically examined. Additionally, different pharmacologixal tools (naloxone, morphine, misoprostol, indomethacin, L-NAME, L-arginine, clonidine or yohimbine) were used in different tests, trying to clarify the possible mechanism (s) of action of AE. The macro and microscopic gastroprotective effect of AE was compared to that showed by ranitidine, on ethanol-induced model (p<0.05); the use of pharmacological tools revealed that the protective effect of AE involves the activation of α-2-adrenergic receptors, opioid receptor and nitric oxide, but do not depends on prostaglandins. The EA has a gastroprotective effects, supporting its traditional use. Its effect is multifactorial, involving the participation of α-2-adrenergic receptors, nitric oxide release and activation of opioids receptors. / Maytenus rigida Mart., (Celastraceae) popularmente conhecida como “bom-homem”, “bom-nome”, “cabelo de negro”, “casca-grossa”, “chapéu de couro” ou “pau-de-colher” é uma espécie nativa do nordeste brasileiro, utilizada na medicina popular no tratamento das doenças inflamatórias, desordens gastrointestinais como diarreia, disenteria e úlceras, problemas renais, hipertensão, impotência sexual e reumatismo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi evidenciar o(s) possível(is) mecanismo(s) de ação subjaentes ao efeito gastroprotetor do extrato aquoso (EA) de Maytenus rigida em camundongos suíços, no modelo de lesão gástrica induzida por etanol absoluto. Camundongos em jejum receberam EA (100, 200 ou 400 mg/Kg, p.o.) 1 h antes da administração oral de etanol absoluto (0,2ml/animal). Grupos tratados com salina e ranitidina foram utilizados como controles. Os estômagos foram analisados macro e microscopicamente. Adicionalmente, foram utilizadas diferentes ferramentas farmacológicas (naloxona, morfina, misoprostol, indometacina, L-NAME, L-arginina, clonidina ou ioimbina) em diferentes ensaios, para tentar esclarecer o(s) possível(is) mecanismo(s) de ação do EA. O efeito gastroprotetor macro e microscópico do EA foi comparado ao exercido pela ranitidina no modelo etanol-induzido (p < 0,05); a utilização de ferramentas farmacológicas revelou que o efeito protetor do EA envolve a ativação de receptores α2-adrenérgicos, receptores opioides, óxido nítrico, mas não depende de prostaglandinas. O EA possui efeito gastroprotetor, corroborando com seu uso tradicional. Seu efeito é multifatorial, envolvendo a participação de receptores α2-adrenérgicos, liberação de óxido nítrico, e ativação de receptores opioides.

Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-08-25T15:48:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Pablo Elleres.pdf: 5489693 bytes, checksum: b9a04e1146c232be81cf39a48ae1634d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-09-21T15:54:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Pablo Elleres.pdf: 5489693 bytes, checksum: b9a04e1146c232be81cf39a48ae1634d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-21T15:54:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Pablo Elleres.pdf: 5489693 bytes, checksum: b9a04e1146c232be81cf39a48ae1634d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-30 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Maytenus guianensis Klotzsch ex Reissek is a Brazilian Amazonian plant widely used in folk medicine against diseases such as malaria, leishmaniasis, and cancer. It is believed that this pharmacological action may be related to terpenoids present in species belonging to the Maytenus genus. Due to the increase in the number of microorganisms resistant to antimicrobial substances already known, various herbal extracts have been tested in order to find new compounds with recognized antimicrobial activity. Thus, this research aimed to carry out a phytochemical study and evaluate the antimicrobial potential effect of isolated compounds from the bark of M. guianensis on bacteria and fungi. The barks were collected in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, in Manaus, the state capital of Amazonas, Brazil. Subsequently, they were properly dried and ground, and subjected to extraction in Soxhlet apparatus with different solvents according to the degree of polarity. The isolation and purification of the chemical constituents of the extract from the barks were performed through column chromatography, using silica gel as fixed phase. The development of the chromatographed substances in Thin Layer Chromatography was made by exposing the cromatoplates to ultraviolet light (250 nm) and by pulverization using a universal indicator, followed by heating in an oven at 100 °C. The structural identification of the isolated chemical constituents of M. guianensis was performed using spectroscopic methods of nuclear magnetic resonance Hydrogen-1 (1H-NMR) and Carbon-13 (13C-NMR), one- and two-dimensional, mass spectroscopy, and spectroscopy in the infrared region. To evaluate the antimicrobial potential effect on ATCC bacteria, pathogenic bacteria, and fungi, it was applied the agar well diffusion technique using specific protocols for the experiments. The design was completely randomized with three replicates per treatment. The test evaluation consisted of measuring the growth of bacteria and fungi colonies, 24 hours after the beginning of the experiment. The results obtained from this phytochemical study, until now, allowed the isolation of four substances: two friedelin and friedelanol triterpenes (triterpene 3-oxo-29-hydroxyfriedelane and triterpene 3-oxo-16β-hydroxyfriedelane) and quinonamethide triterpenes (tingenine B and tingenone). Phytochemicals results of this work in conjunction with the data described in literature clearly show that M. guianensis is a rich source of triterpenes classes of fridelanos and quinonamethide, they are restricted to Celastraceae family. In addition, extracts and compounds isolated from the bark of M. guianensis presented inhibitory effect against at least four of the five tested bacteria and fungi ATCC, noting satisfactory inhibition halos being novel antimicrobial testing. However, negative results were found for pathogenic bacteria. Thus, M. guianensis plant is a promising for the development of new antimicrobial herbal, and further studies must be made on the chemical composition and understanding of activity on virulence factors of multiresistant bacteria. The results indicate the antimicrobial potential of this plant, which may be promising for drug development studies. / Maytenus guianensis Klotzsch ex Reissek é uma planta da Amazônia Brasileira muito utilizada na medicina popular contra enfermidades como malária, leishmaniose e câncer. Acredita-se que essa ação farmacológica pode estar relacionada à presença de terpenoides presentes no gênero Maytenus. Com o aumento dos micro-organismos resistentes às substâncias antimicrobianas já conhecidas, vários extratos de plantas medicinais estão sendo testados com a finalidade de procurar novos compostos com atividade antimicrobiana. Assim, este trabalho visou realizar um estudo fitoquímico e avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano dos extratos e das substâncias isoladas das cascas de M. guianensis sobre bactérias e fungos. As cascas foram coletadas na Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke em Manaus-AM, devidamente secas e trituradas, sendo submetidas à extração em aparelho de Soxhlet com diferentes solventes de acordo com o aumento do grau de polaridade. O isolamento e purificação dos constituintes químicos do extrato das cascas foram realizados por meio de cromatografia em coluna utilizando-se como fase fixa sílica gel. As revelações das substâncias cromatografadas de camada delgada se deram por exposição das cromatoplacas à luz ultravioleta (250 nm) e por pulverização com revelador universal seguido de aquecimento em estufa a 100ºC. A identificação estrutural dos constituintes químicos isolados das cascas de M. guianensis foi realizada por meio de métodos espectroscópicos de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de Hidrogênio-1 (RMN-1H) e Carbono-13 (RMN-13C), uni e bidimensional, espectroscopia de massa e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho. Para avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano sobre as bactérias ATCC e patogênicas e fungos, utilizou-se a técnica de difusão em ágar utilizando protocolos específicos para os experimentos. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições por tratamento. A avaliação do teste consistiu em medir o crescimento das colônias das bactérias e fungos, após 24 horas do início do experimento. Os resultados obtidos do estudo fitoquímico até o presente momento permitiram isolar quatro substâncias, sendo dois triterpenos friedelina e friedelanol (triterpeno 29-hidroxifriedelan-3-ona, triterpeno 16β-hidroxifrielan-3-ona) e triterpenos quinonametídeos (tingenina B e tingenona). Os resultados fitoquímicos deste trabalho em conjunto com os dados descritos na literatura, mostram nitidamente que M. guianensis é uma rica fonte de triterpenos das classes dos fridelanos e quinonametídeos, que estes são restritos a família Celastraceae. Além disso, os extratos e as substâncias isoladas das cascas de M. guianensis apresentaram efeito inibitório contra pelo menos quatro das cinco bactérias ATCC testadas e fungos, notando-se halos de inibição satisfatórios sendo inéditos os testes antimicrobianos demonstrando que M. guianensis é uma promissora planta para o desenvolvimento de um novo fitoterápico antimicrobiano, e mais estudos devem ser realizados quanto à composição química e entendimento da atividade sobre fatores de virulência das bactérias multirresistentes. Porém, resultados negativos foram encontrados para bactérias patogênicas. Os resultados sinalizam o potencial antimicrobiano dessa planta, podendo esta ser promissora para os estudos de desenvolvimento de novos fármacos.

Five traditional Chinese medicines were screened for their antiangiogenic activities through zebrafish angiogenic assay. Two of them, Tripterygium wilfordii and Rheum palmatum showed potential in the primary screening. T. wilfordii was selected in further study. / In the further investigation of antiangiogenic activity of triptolide on mammal systems, triptolide showed potent activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) assays including proliferation, migration and tube formation assay. It inhibited HUVEC proliferation with IC50 as low as 34 nM. It also showed more potency in HUVEC migration and tube formation assay at as low concentration as nanomolar level than SU5416, a putative VEGFR-2 inhibitor currently in clinic trials. RT-PCR and western blotting analysis showed that the underlying mechanism of triptolide correlated with down-regulation of VEGFR-2 and Tie2 expression and production. Tie2 inhibition appeared to be a later event as compared with VEGFR-2. Tie2 overexpression in HUVEC could attenuate the inhibitory effect of triptolide on HUVEC proliferation. Tie2 knockdown mimicked the inhibition activity of triptolide in tube formation assay. These phenomemon revealed that Tie2 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in triptolide-mediated angiogenesis inhibition. In in vivo Matrigel Plug assay, triptolide showed inhibition effect at as low as 100 nM. / T. wilfordii is an immune-suppressive, anti-inflammatory herb used in China for centuries. Through bioassay-guided purification, three antiangiogenic terpenoids were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction, namely, celastrol, cangoronine and triptolide. Among them, triptolide manifested the most potent antiangiogenic activities against vessel formation. As low as 0.31microM, triptolide inhibited 20% of vessel formation, and the inhibition reached a plateau of 50% at 1.2 microM. Celatrol reduced vessel formation by more than 30% at 0.62microM, but killed 50% of the embryos at higher concentrations. Cangoronine was much weaker, inhibiting vessel formation by 20% at 2.5microM. These three components all showed stronger antiangiogenic activities than 2-methoxyestradiol, a putative compound currently under clinical trials as an antiangiogenic agent for cancer treatment, as the latter inhibited angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos by 34% at 10microM. The loss of vessel formation in the embryos treated with triptolide was further confirmed using endogenous alkaline phosphatase staining. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that triptolide dose- and time-dependently reduced the mRNA expression of angiopoietin (angpt2) and tie2 in zebrafish, indicating the involvement of angpt2/tie2 signaling pathway in the antiangiogenic action of triptolide. / This research revealed that zebrafish model is a promising antiangiogenic model for both the screening of antiangiogenic agents from Chinese herbal medicine and the subsequent discovery for the drug targets. Triptolide, an anti-inflammatory component from T. wilfordii, is a potent angiogenic inhibitor through targeting VEGFR-2 and Tie2 pathways in mammal models whereas targeting ang2-tie2 pathway in zebrafish model. The anti-tumor action of triptolide was demonstrated to be partly through inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Moreover, the potent antiangiogenic action exerted by triptolide at nanomolar dosage level gives proof that it is a promising lead compound for the development of antiangiogenic drug for cancer treatment. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / He, Mingfang. / Adviser: Paul Pui-Hey Bot. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-01, Section: B, page: 0247. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-106). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

No abstract available. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2003.

Submitted by Nathália Faria da Silva (nathaliafsilva.ufv@gmail.com) on 2017-07-06T17:50:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 283976 bytes, checksum: dd8927beba6c921243323a8dfa73eaa8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-06T17:50:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 283976 bytes, checksum: dd8927beba6c921243323a8dfa73eaa8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A anatomia e micromorfologia foliar de 13 espécies pertencentes a 8 gêneros da subfamília Hippocrateoideae (Celastraceae) foi caracterizada. Tal caracterização teve como objetivo a seleção de caracteres anatômicos para subsidiar a taxonomia dos diferentes gêneros, além de contribuir para a identificação das espécies. Pois, a subfamília apresenta divergências com relação à separação dos gêneros e os dados anatômicos dos órgãos vegetativos das plantas servem como critérios adicionais, podendo ser usados para resolver problemas taxonômicos. O material vegetal utilizado, foi obtido a partir de trabalhos de campo e de amostras retiradas de exsicatas do Herbário do Departamento de Botânica da UFMG (BHCB). Foram analisadas folhas completamente expandidas. Cortes transversais do limbo e do pecíolo, na porção mediana, foram realizados para a confecção de lâminas permanentes; além da dissociação das epidermes e da confecção de macerados. As amostras destinadas à microscopia eletrônica de varredura foram fixadas inicialmente em F.A.A. 70 sendo, em seguida, submetidas ao processamento usual para este tipo de análise. Os dados encontrados podem ser aplicados para uma delineação geral do padrão anatômico foliar dos oito gêneros estudados. Além disso, foram selecionados caracteres que podem ser usados como subsídio para a taxonomia dos diferentes gêneros e espécies, como por exemplo, o tipo de esclereíde presente no pecíolo ou na lâmina foliar, o tipo de estômato, a conformação do sistema vascular do pecíolo, o padrão do contorno das paredes anticlinais das células epidérmicas, a presença de hipoderme, a ocorrência de estruturas secretoras, dentre outros. É indicado o estudo de um número maior de espécies por gênero para confirmação dos dados observados. Salienta-se, ainda, que estes aspectos anatômicos nunca devem ser usados de maneira isolada, mas sempre associados uns aos outros, e em conjunto com os dados da morfologia externa. / The anatomy and leaf micromorphology of 13 species belonging to 8 genera of the subfamily Hippocrateoideae (Celastraceae) was characterized, with objective of selecting anatomical characters to subsidize the taxonomy of the different genera, besides of contributing for the species identification. As the subfamily presents divergences with relationship to the separation of the genera, anatomical data of the vegetative organs of the plants serve as additional criteria, and they can be used to solve taxonomic problems. The used plant material, was obtained starting from field plant samples and also from exsiccate samples from the Herbarium of the Department of Botany of UFMG (BHCB). The analyzed leaves were completely expanded. Leaf cross sections in the medium portion from the blade and the petiole, were obtained to prepare permanent glass slides; besides that leaf epidermis dissociation and maceration were also made. The samples destined to the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were fixed in F.A.A. 70% usually processed in standard procedure for SEM. The obtained data can be applied for a general delineation of the leaf anatomical pattern to the eight studied genera. Besides, were selected characters that can be used as subsidy for the taxonomy of the different genus and species, as for instance, the type of sclereids in the petiole or in the leaf blade, the stomata type, the conformation of the vascular system in the petiole, the pattern of the contour of the epidermis anticlinal cell walls, the presence of hypodermis, the occurrence of secretory structures, among others. It is recommended a larger study of the number of species in each genus for confirmation of the observed data. It is still pointed out, that these anatomical aspects should never be used as isolated character, but always associated each other, and together with the data of the external morphology.