Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e otimizar o desempenho de uma bomba hidráulica de fluxo através do redimensionamento de seu rotor. A partir da teoria acerca do pré-dimensionamento de rotores pelo método clássico (também conhecido como método geométrico) propõe-se uma planilha eletrônica que permite obter as dimensões básicas necessárias para o projeto de um rotor a partir de dados iniciais de operação e coeficientes empíricos. De modo a validar o dimensionamento teórico este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso em uma bomba-teste. A partir dos dados do software de dimensionamento e recomendações coletadas na bibliografia um novo rotor é desenvolvido tendo como objetivo principal melhorar o desempenho de operação da bomba. Durante o desenvolvimento do novo rotor são utilizados aplicativos CAD e CAM de modo a auxiliar a elaboração do projeto e execução da usinagem. Uma bancada especial de teste de bombas é utilizada no levantamento dos dados experimentais. Os resultados dos ensaios demonstram um ganho máximo na eficiência de operação de 8% e redução de até 0,7 kW na potência da bomba operando com o novo rotor. / This work has as objective to analyze and to optimize the performance of a flow hydraulic pump by the re-design of pumps impeller. From the theory about impeller design by the classic method (also known as geometric method) proposes an electronic spread that allows obtaining the basic dimensions of impeller from initial pump operation data and empiric coefficients In order to validate the theoretical design this work presents a study of case on a pump test. From the design software data and recommendations collected in the bibliography review a new impeller is developed with the main objective to improve the pump performance. During the new impeller development are used applications CAD and CAM to aid the elaboration of the design and the execution of machining. A special hydraulic pump test bench is used to collect experimental data. The tests results shown a maximum gain of 8% in the efficiency of operation and a reduction of until 0,7 kW in the pump power consumption operating with the new impeller.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Thesis (MTech(Civil Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2006. / The performance of a centrifugal pump is altered for slurry or viscous materials (Stepanoff, 1969) and this needs to be accounted for. Usually, the suitable selection and evaluation of centrifugal pumps is based only on water pump performance curves supplied by the pump manufacturer (Wilson, Addie, Sellgren & Clift, 1997). In 1984 Walker and Goulas conducted a number of pump performance tests with kaolin clay slurries and coal slurries on a Warman 4/3 AH horizontal slurry pump and a Hazleton 3-inch B CTL horizontal pump (Walker and Goulas, 1984). Walker and Goulas have analysed the test data and correlated the performance derating both at the best efficiency flow rate (BEP) and at 10% of the best efficiency flow rate (0.1 BEP) to the modified pump Reynolds number (NRep). They have noticed that the head and the efficiency reduction ratio decreased for the pump Reynolds number less then 10⁶. Furthermore, Walker and Goulas obtained a reasonably good agreement (± 5%) between pump test data for non-Newtonian materials and pump performance prediction using the Hydraulics Institute chart. Sery and Slatter (2002) have investigated pump deration for non-Newtonian yield pseudoplastic materials. The NRep was calculated using the Bingham plastic viscosity (µp). Results have shown good agreement with regard to head and efficiency reduction ratios in comparison with previous work. However, Sery and Slatter's pump performance correlation using the HI chart did not reach the same conclusion. Error margin of ± 20% and ± 10% were found for head and efficiency respectively. This study is an attempt to reconcile the differences between Walker and Goulas (1984) and Sery and Slatter (2002) and extend the evaluation of these derating methods to pseudoplastic materials. The test work was conducted in the Flow Process Research Centre laboratory of the Cape Peninsula University of Technology using two centrifugal pumps; a Warman 6/4 and a GrW 4/3. The materials used were water, CMC solution bentonite and kaolin suspension at different concentrations (7% and 9% by weight for bentonite; 5%, 6% and 7% by weight for CMC; 17%, 19% and 21% by volume for kaolin).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:33:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:03:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / O projeto de bombas centrífugas verticais de poço úmido tem forte dependência do arranjo de cada planta. Cada situação torna-se assim um projeto particular e exige uma mútua cooperação entre os fabricantes do equipamento, responsáveis pelo projeto e testes das bombas, e os proprietários e montadores das plantas, responsáveis pela montagem e instalações das bombas verticais e respectivas tubulações no campo. Após uma ampla pesquisa bibliográfica, evidenciou-se a ausência de uma metodologia de projeto estrutural que contemple de forma integrada o projeto estrutural de todas as partes envolvidas, isto é, as bombas, as estruturas e os edifícios onde elas são instaladas. Para o desenvolvimento da dissertação, as bombas verticais foram divididas em três partes: corpo de sucção, coluna e corpo superior. Foram analisados três casos de estudo por meio de modelagem por elementos finitos. Ficou evidenciada a necessidade de uma metodologia de projeto estrutural, baseada na identificação dos problemas e das suas causas e de alternativas estruturais mais adequadas para eliminá-los ou reduzi-los. Considerando a dificuldade de testar estas bombas numa bancada de testes do fabricante, montadas de modo similar ao que trabalharão no campo e o fato de que resolver problemas destas bombas no campo é muito difícil e em certos casos até mesmo impossível, ficou evidenciado que a metodologia de projeto estrutural proposta constitui um conjunto de recomendações de grande importância nas aplicações de bombas centrífugas verticais de poço úmido. O desenvolvimento foi feito de modo geral, mas esta metodologia pode e deve ser utilizada em centrais nucleares de potência. / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e otimizar o desempenho de uma bomba hidráulica de fluxo através do redimensionamento de seu rotor. A partir da teoria acerca do pré-dimensionamento de rotores pelo método clássico (também conhecido como método geométrico) propõe-se uma planilha eletrônica que permite obter as dimensões básicas necessárias para o projeto de um rotor a partir de dados iniciais de operação e coeficientes empíricos. De modo a validar o dimensionamento teórico este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso em uma bomba-teste. A partir dos dados do software de dimensionamento e recomendações coletadas na bibliografia um novo rotor é desenvolvido tendo como objetivo principal melhorar o desempenho de operação da bomba. Durante o desenvolvimento do novo rotor são utilizados aplicativos CAD e CAM de modo a auxiliar a elaboração do projeto e execução da usinagem. Uma bancada especial de teste de bombas é utilizada no levantamento dos dados experimentais. Os resultados dos ensaios demonstram um ganho máximo na eficiência de operação de 8% e redução de até 0,7 kW na potência da bomba operando com o novo rotor. / This work has as objective to analyze and to optimize the performance of a flow hydraulic pump by the re-design of pumps impeller. From the theory about impeller design by the classic method (also known as geometric method) proposes an electronic spread that allows obtaining the basic dimensions of impeller from initial pump operation data and empiric coefficients In order to validate the theoretical design this work presents a study of case on a pump test. From the design software data and recommendations collected in the bibliography review a new impeller is developed with the main objective to improve the pump performance. During the new impeller development are used applications CAD and CAM to aid the elaboration of the design and the execution of machining. A special hydraulic pump test bench is used to collect experimental data. The tests results shown a maximum gain of 8% in the efficiency of operation and a reduction of until 0,7 kW in the pump power consumption operating with the new impeller.

Doctorat en sciences appliquées / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Although a wide range of flow measurement devices and methods already exist for the measurement of irrigation water, water users and water management officials still claim there is a need for more appropriate devices that are non-intrusive, reliable, easy to install and maintain, and cost effective. Meters that are typically used for irrigation water measurement were tested in a laboratory as an initial part of the research and measurement errors larger than ±10 % of the actual discharge was recorded. This study was aimed at evaluating an experimental measuring method that may meet the requirements of the users. The experimental method is based on the unique relationship between the differential pressure and the discharge of a specific pump. By determining this relationship for a specific pump over a range of operating conditions (but for specific installation conditions), a curve similar to the pump curve as developed by the pump manufacturer can be established. If this relationship is inversed (into a discharge-differential pressure relationship), it can be used to calculate the discharge of the pump by measuring the differential pressure. The volume of water discharged by the pump over a period of time can then be determined by integrating the calculated discharge over time. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the validity of the proposed measuring method. The tests entailed the development of the discharge-differential pressure relationship for the specific pump being used, by simultaneously measuring the system discharge, and pressure at both the suction and delivery sides of the pump. Once the relationship had been developed, a set of independent tests was conducted and the pressure measurements used to calculate the discharge through the system. The calculated discharge values were then compared with the measured values. The experimental measuring method was also evaluated in the field through empirical testing of its application in the field. The necessary equipment was installed and calibrated at an irrigation system pump station at the Orange-Riet Water User Association, and data collected over a two week period. The laboratory evaluation of the proposed measurement method produced favourable results, with the analyses showing that discharge can be "measured" with this method at errors smaller than ± 5.4 % of the reference reading within a specified range of flow rates, which is better than the errors produced by the conventional meters evaluated during the initial part of the research. The field tests showed that the method can be applied successfully to monitor pump abstractions. The method's results were compared to two reference measurements and it was found that the volume of water abstracted according to the experimental method was within ± 2.6 % of the reference measurements. The field work also showed that from a practical application point of view, the method has definite advantages over the conventional meters, although it is not less expensive than other measuring devices. The advantages include easier installation, high turn-down ratios, low maintenance requirements, no additional head loss, and suitable for telemetric data collection. Further work that is required include investigations on the use of a differential pressure transducer (rather than two separate suction and delivery side transducers), since this may reduce costs and the number of recorded data points, as well as evaluations of the validity of the discharge - differential pressure relationship over a long period of time, since it may change due to wear on the pump or motor. / Dissertation (M Eng (Agricultural Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Civil Engineering / unrestricted

[pt] Apresenta-se, neste estudo, quatro análises sobre bombas centrífugas radiais: a) Determinação de curvas características teóricas; b )Obtenção de curvas características de rotores usinados; c) Influência do estreitamento do rotos nas curvas características d) Efeitos da rugosidade do rotor nas curvas características experimentais. Utilizando-se de dois modelos de bombas Dancor, determinaram-se curvas características nos planos vazão-altura manométrica, vazão –potência efetiva e vazão-rendimento. Escolhendo-se os coeficientes, necessários ao calculo teórico de uma curva característica, dentro de critérios estabelecidos, consegue-se a aproximação entre as curvas teóricas e experimentais de uma bomba centrífuga radial. Ao usinar-se o rotor de uma bomba, as curvas características para o novo diêmetro deixam de obedecer às leis de semelhança, pois há variação do rendimento, principalmente na zona de trabalho de bomba. Determinou-se curvas com redução de 3,7 por cento e 11,1 por cento do diâmetro do rotor normal. Com o estreitamento do rotor há, na realidade, variações nos triângulos de velocidade, em virtude das perdas que acontecem na saída do rotor e, conseqüentemente, alterando as curvas características. Ensinando-se rotores com larguras 23 por cento menores do que o rotor normal. A rugosidade também altera as curvas características deslocando o ponto máximo rendimento para a esquerda (menor vazão e menor altura manométrica), num rotor 60 por cento mais rugoso do que o normal. / [en] The present work deals with theoretical and experimental considerations abount radial centrifugal pumps. Four analysis are made. They are: a) determination of theoretical characteristic curves; b) determination of characteristic curves of impellers with reduced diametes; c) influence of the narrowing of, impeller upon the characteristic experimental curves. Curves were determined in the capacity-head, capacity-effective power and capacity-efficiency the utilization of two models of Dancor pumps. Once the choice of the coeffcients needed for the theoretical calculation of a characteristic curve is made according to established of a characteristic curve is made according to establishe criteria, an approximation between the theorical and experimental curves a radical centrifugal pump is obtained. The determination of curves with cuts with 3.7 per cent and 11.1 per cent of the full impeller has been made. IT has been observed that when a pump impeller is cut the characteristic curves for the new diameter do not follow any more the laws of similarity because the is a variation in the efficiency mainly in the work zone of the pump. Assays have benn made with implellers that had widths 23 per cent less than the full ones. It has benn observed that with the narrowing of the impeller there are actually alterations in the triangles of velocity due to losses that occurin the exit of the impeller. On that acount. The characteristic are altered. Assays have also benn made with an impeller with 60 per cent more rugosity than a full one. It has benn shown is this study that the increase in rugosity causes alterations in the characteristic curves by shifting the best point of effciency to the left (lower capacity and lower head).