The increasing demand for couples therapy and its present low success rate led to the question whether Glasser's reality therapy, with its innovative approach, could possibly be of value to couples therapy in South Africa. Glasser emphasizes the importance of healthy personal relationships, freedom of choice and responsibility. In therapy he focuses on the fact that each person has control of what he/she does and thinks and that he/she should take responsibility for it. On the basis of a limited qualitative study, it was found that, with certain reservations, this therapy could make a valuable contribution to the success of couples therapy. Professional persons should be encouraged to apply reality theory in couples therapy, training institutions should train their students in this regard and more comprehensive and in-depth research should be undertaken to determine its value in larger and more representative groups. / Educational Studies / M. Ed.

The current study investigated relationships that may be crucial to women's decisions to persist in math and science-related college majors.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Assessments of delay discounting in rodent lines bidirectionally selected for home cage intake and preference of alcohol have had mixed findings. The current study sought to examine if delay discounting related differentially to alcohol seeking versus and alcohol drinking, two processes underlying alcohol intake and preference. Three strains of rats were utilized to answer this question Long Evans (LE), high alcohol drinking rats (HAD2), and alcohol preferring P rats. All strains were compared in an adjusting amount delay discounting task. Operant self-administration of alcohol was then assessed in the sipper tube model, and finally home cage drinking was assessed in a 24 hour 2 bottle choice paradigm. In the delay discounting it was found that the P rats were steeper discounters than both the LE and HAD2. In the sipper tube model, P rats displayed higher levels of seeking than both the HAD2s and the LE, but both the P rats and the HAD2s had higher intakes than the LE. During 24 hour home cage access, the P rats and the HAD2s had higher intake and preference for alcohol than the LE, but were not different from each other. These results show that increased discounting of delayed rewards tracks with appetitive processes versus consummatory factors and home cage intake of alcohol. This builds on prior findings using selected line pairs by providing an explanation for discordant results, and supports the hypotheses that increased delay discounting is an intermediate phenotype that predisposes individuals to alcohol use disorders.