Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aloisio Rodrigues.pdf: 1304279 bytes, checksum: 26a69e8fd013d5b4a3d8e8aeeafb9229 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-25 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This dissertation seeks to make a comparative study of the poem The Priest, the Lady, of Carlos Drummond de Andrade in the movie The Priest an the Lady, written and directed by Joaquim Pedro de Andrade in order to verify the significant differences occurred in the process of passing a work prepared in verbal language to the new cinema, an audiovisual vehicle. The structure: formal aspects, narrative focus, the semantic level, rhythmic sound and the significant characters of each work will be studied from the standpoint of literary theory and language film. From the context of the two works will be identified intra and intertextual aspects in them. The data analysis will be verified that the additions and reductions that occurred in the process of translating a verbal vehicle for another vehicle film / Esta dissertação procura fazer um estudo comparativo do poema O Padre, a Moça, de Carlos Drummond de Andrade com o filme O Padre e a Moça, roteiro e direção de Joaquim Pedro de Andrade com o propósito de verificar as significativas diferenças ocorridas no processo de passagem de uma obra elaborada em linguagem verbal para o cinema novo, um veículo audiovisual. A estrutura: aspectos formais, foco narrativo, nível semântico, rítmico, sonoros e os personagens significativos de cada obra serão estudados sob o enfoque da teoria literária e da linguagem fílmica. A partir da contextualização das duas obras, serão identificados os aspectos intra e intertextuais nelas existentes. A análise dos dados obtidos permitirá que sejam verificados os acréscimos e reduções, que ocorreram nesse processo de transposição de um veículo verbal para outro veículo cinematográfico

In this thesis, I present modular and database cinema characterized by nonlinear story and complex structure. I give examples of modular and database cinema, provide different approaches regarding movies with nonlinear narrative and mention basic principles of classical cinema to show the difference. I am taking a closer look at these films and doing a comparison. Modular cinema needs an audience which actively participates in giving a meaning to the particular film. This active audience can be equated to the new media user which can be characterized not only as a recipient of new media products but also as a creator, co-author and explorer. That is why I am focusing on new media from the point of their users, showing the changes in this media-user relation and summarizing what is new about new media. Database cinema reflects a database form which became a necessary part of new media as well as of our daily lives. When analyzing characteristics of new media and complex structure cinema I suggest a potential relation between new media and modular and database cinema from the point of their users.

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This thesis focuses on documentaries by North African women, who have been marginalised within the limited space of the field of African filmmaking. I illustrate how North African cinema has suffered from neglect in studies on African as well as Arab culture and particularly African and Arab cinema. I discuss the work of four pioneering women documentary makers in Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. Consecutively I will discuss Ateyyat El Abnoudy, Selma Baccar, Assia Djebar and Izza Génini’s work. My approach is transnational and Bakhtinian in the sense that I am an outsider looking in. I promote a constant self-awareness as a Western European and an academic interested in the area that is defined as the Middle East. Like the documentary makers, I take the nation state as a starting point so as to understand its effects, in order to be able to critique it and place the films in a transnational context. The documentaries in this thesis illustrate that films of a socio-political nature contest the notion of a singular national identity and can become a means of self-definition. Asserting one’s own cultural and national identity, and subjectively offering the spectator an individual’s interpretation of that self-definition, is a way towards female emancipation. Going against the grain and avoiding stereotypes, evading censorship and dependence on state control, these directors find ways to give a different dimension to their identity. Analysing the work of these four pioneering filmmakers, I uncover diverse female subject matters treated by a similar aesthetic. I argue that through overlooked cinematic techniques, they succeed in subverting the censor and communicating a subtle but convincing critique of the patriarchal system in their respective countries. Their preoccupation with representing ‘the other half’ puts a new and under-explored spin on perceptions of anti-establishment filming with subtly emancipating consequences. I suggest that their common aesthetic is one that develops moderation in terms of context, content and style. There is a cinematic way of implicitly subverting not only the (colonial) past but also the (neo-colonial) present which goes further than re-inscription or compensation: new modes of resistance co-exist with the more rebellious and heroic ones. These women’s films rewrite, imply and contemplate rather than denounce and attack heroically. They do not reject as much as interrogate their situations, counting on the empathic and intersubjective abilities of the spectator. A relationship of trust between director, subject and spectator is crucial if we want to believe in the subalterns’ aptitude for voicing issues and gazing back. I reveal a different approach to communication beyond the verbal, and a belief in the subjects’ capacities to speak and listen. This is echoed in the filmmaker’s sensitive analysis of the subjects’ expression and voice and the non-vocal expression – the gaze. The intended outcome is dependent on the willingness of the spectator to take part in the intersubjective communication triangle. I conclude with the idea that moderation is the foundational concept of a post-Third Cinema transnational aesthetic in North Africa. Ateyyat El Abnoudy, Selma Baccar, Assia Djebar and Izza Génini are pioneers of women’s filmmaking in North Africa, who opened up a space for underrepresented subjects, voices and gazes.