Cheung Tang, Chung Kiu Maggie. / Thesis (M.Div.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-69). / In English with some Chinese; abstract also in Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter i. --- Defining the problem --- p.1 / Chapter ii. --- The religious movements --- p.3 / Chapter iii. --- Same characteristics shared among these movements --- p.5 / Chapter iv. --- Discussion on organization --- p.7 / Chapter v. --- Discussion on eschatological view --- p.8 / Chapter CHAPATER TWO --- Millennialism and messianism in Chinese conception --- p.9 / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.9 / Chapter II. --- Human-centrism and pessimism in Chinese culture --- p.11 / Chapter III. --- Christian millennialism and messianism in Chinese tradition --- p.13 / Chapter IV. --- Buddhist millennium and messianism in Chinese tradition --- p.15 / Chapter V. --- Taoist millennium and messianism in Chinese tradition --- p.18 / Chapter VI. --- Eschatological concept in Chinese religious understanding --- p.20 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- Chinese Religious Movements ´ؤ nature and eschatology --- p.23 / Chapter Part I - --- Movement of the Celestial Master Sect (Tianshi Dao) --- p.23 / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.23 / Chapter II. --- The founding of Celestial Master Sect --- p.25 / Chapter III. --- Content of Celestial Master Sect --- p.26 / Chapter IV. --- Organization --- p.28 / Chapter V. --- Eschatological view --- p.28 / Chapter VI. --- Concluding remarks --- p.31 / Chapter Part II - --- Movement of the White Lotus Sect (Bailian Jiao) --- p.33 / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.33 / Chapter II. --- The history of White Lotus Sect --- p.34 / Chapter III. --- Content of White Lotus --- p.37 / Chapter IV. --- Eschatological view --- p.40 / Chapter V. --- Concluding remarks --- p.42 / Chapter Part III - --- Movement of the Taping Heavenly Kingdom --- p.43 / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.43 / Chapter II. --- The founding of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom --- p.44 / Chapter III. --- Installation and content of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom --- p.47 / Chapter IV. --- Eschatological view --- p.50 / Chapter V. --- Concluding remarks --- p.51 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- A Christian eschatology in Chinese tradition ´ؤ problem and opportunity --- p.54 / Chapter I. --- Denial of the world in Chinese religious tradition --- p.54 / Chapter II. --- Denial of the world in Chinese Christianity --- p.60 / Chapter III. --- Conclusion --- p.63

张晓林. / 呈交日期: 2002年7月. / 论文(哲学博士)--香港中文大学, 2003. / 参考文献 (p. 164-177). / 中英文前言. / Cheng jiao ri qi: 2002 nian 7 yue. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Zhang Xiaolin. / Zhong Ying wen qian yan. / Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2003. / Can kao wen xian (p. 164-177).

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This thesis examines the relationship between Jews and Christians in the Holy Land from the age of Constantine the Great to the conquest of the eastern provinces by the Arabs from an archaeological viewpoint. At stake is a better understanding of how Jews adapted to changing times, particularly during the rise of Christianity in Palestine. Whereas earlier scholars have viewed the growth of the Byzantine empire as time of persecution toward the Jews, a re-evaluation of the archaeological evidence indicates that Jews prospered along with their Christian neighbors. In scope, this dissertation aims first to re-evaluate how many ancient building remains can be classified as synagogues, and how many of those can be accurately dated. For only after a solid body of archaeological research is firmly established can further progress be made toward our better understanding of the ancient world. Diversity in contemporaneous synagogue layouts, rather than a linear development throughout this period is the norm. Yet, in the sixth-century, one-third of all known synagogues in Palestine bear similar features to early Byzantine churches: basilical layouts, mosaic floors, apses, and chancel screens. Since no single fourth-century synagogue had an apse or chancel screen in its repertoire of furnishings, a reform must have taken place, which ultimately enhanced the synagogue. It has long been held that this change had originated under the influence of the growing Christian population in the Holy Land. Examining the nature of early Christian liturgical practice throws light on these changes to synagogues. For the focal point of the early Christian basilica, the altar in the sanctuary, separated from the hall by a chancel screen, was adapted by these Jewish communities. By placing the Torah Shrine in the apse of synagogues, the sacred nature of the Five Books of Moses was glorified. In focusing on the apse and niche it is suggested that rather than a positive influence toward the Jews, the deeply-rooted rivalry between Christianity and Judaism was the main implement for change. Jewish leaders built synagogues with apses and chancel screens to amplify and venerate the most important object in the hall - the Torah Scrolls - kept in the Torah Ark. Unlike earlier buildings, the Torah Shrine was set in the same position as the altar in churches, in the apse. Renovating interiors, changes to entrances, and new types of furnishings in synagogues were the physical changes to this institution which reflect the impact of Christian art on synagogues.

Containing a prodigious amount of quotes, Han's Duoshu is textually indebted to many others' literary efforts. It quotes edificatory writings of Chinese intellectuals as well as works authored or translated by the Jesuits. Indeed, one of the purposes of this thesis is to clarify the treatise's textual indebtness to works that pertain to the Chinese tradition and the "Western learning." / This thesis argues that Han Lin thus participated in his native Jiangzhou's government-supervised educational activities for two purposes. The first was to propagate the Catholic faith by making use a Confucian, official educational institution. The second was to contribute to the cultivation of moral values and to the restoration of moral order from the local level by incorporating Catholic ethics into local educational material. In this way, the writing of Duoshu aimed to advance both Catholic preaching and Confucian edification on the one hand, and to bring them into coalescence on the other. / This thesis concentrates on the study of the seventeenth-century Chinese treatise Duoshu (Book of Admonitions), authored by the Catholic intellectual Han Lin (1596?-1649). Towards the end of the Ming, the magistrate of Jiangzhou (in Shanxi Province) Sun Shun organized communal pact meetings (xiangyue) shortly after he assumed office, in which local gentries and intellectuals were invited to lecture on the Six Maxims of the Hongwu emperor. Han Lin, a native of Jiangzhou, was one of the lecturers, and Sun's invitation gave him the impulse to write Duoshu. Despite its noticeable Catholic elements, the treatise is neither purely an apologetic work nor mere exposition of Christian doctrines. Although the purpose of expounding the Six Maxims runs through the entire treatise in terms of its contents and structure, Duoshu was written not only to propagate orthodox Confucianism or Ming imperial ideology. Its teaching is found to be more rich and complex than that of a mere commentary on the imperial precepts can be. / To better understand Duoshu, this thesis tries to probe into the life of the author and contextualize the treatise in the light of its relevant social institutions and literary tradition (especially literary genres). Shortly after its publication, Duoshu's circulation aborted amidst the dynastic change. Only after a lapse of over two centuries did the lost work reappear in China. The scholar Chen Yuan (1880-1971) truly grasped Han's writing purpose and wanted to fulfill it in his own time. His philological and editorial efforts made the modern reprint of Duoshu possible. A chapter of this thesis is therefore devoted to this episode of Duoshu's reception history in the Republican era. / 李凌瀚. / Sumitted: 2005年9月[Sept. 2005] / Sumitted: 2005 nian 9 yue [Sept. 2005] / Adviser: Archie C. C. Lee. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-09, Section: A, page: . / Thesis (doctoral)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-163). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / School code: 1307. / Li Linghan.

After the establishment of the mission stations in Hong Kong and Shanghai, the missionaries of LMS began to undertake several mission activities such as building churches, education, translation and publishing activities and medical missions. Chapter 4, 5 will introduce the missionary activities, such as education, publish and Bible translation that engaged in the Anglo-Chinese College of Hong Kong and the LMS Press of Shanghai. Based on these facts, I will expose the role of LMS missionaries in the Sino-western culture conflict and exchange, and the Christian mission indigenization in China. / After the Opium War, under the diplomatic and military pressure of the west powers, the government of Qing was forced to give up the policy of forbidding the propagation of Christianity. Protestant Missions, like that of Catholic, gained legal status, and they could begin the process to entering China inland. After the occupation of Hong Kong by the British according to the Nanjing Treaty, LMS which sent missionaries to China began to move the missionary base to this colony. It decided that Benjamin Hobson and James Legge who once worked in Malacca took the responsibility of mission in Hong Kong. And Anglo-Chinese College at Malacca was also moved to Hong Kong, then became the mission station of LMS in Hong Kong. Meanwhile, the five ports, i.e. Guangzhou, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai, were opened, the LMS missionaries immediately resumed their exercises in Guangzhou, and opened new mission stations in other ports. Walter Henry Medhurst once worked in Batavia and William Lockhart went to Shanghai and established the LMS Press as a mission station in Shanghai. Chapter 3 will tell the stories of the early LMS missionaries leading by James Legge and W. H. Medhurst whose worked in Hong Kong and Shanghai respectively. / Chapter 6 will concern those detailed things occurred in Tai-ping rebellion movement and the 2nd Opium War. I want to explain the effects of the colonialism and the Chinese social turbulence to the missionaries. / In Chapter 7, at the conclusion of the thesis, I hope to make a righteous evaluation of these missionaries' various works in China. / Many articles and books on the history of the Protestant missions in China have been published, and some of them deal with the LMS missionaries and the early times of the mission history. Chapter 1 of this thesis surveys and comments upon the past results of research concerning this theme, and points out that such publications have laid foundation for my research, but there are still many problems should be studies thoroughly and systematically. / The period from 1807 to 1840 is the beginning and preparing era for the Protestant missions to China. In 1807, Robert Morrison, a missionary sent by LMS arrived in Guangzhou. His arrival marked the beginning of the LMS missionary enterprises in China. Because the government of Qing was tightly forbad propagation of Christianity, Robert Morrison and William Milne, another missionary sent by LMS, decided to organize "The Ultra-Ganges Mission", and founded a headquarter in Malacca named "Anglo-Chinese College". Afterwards, many Protestant missionaries, including LMS missionaries came to the South East Asia and undertook many tasks, such as learning Chinese, translation, publication and medical mission. Chapter 2 will introduce these activities of LMS missionaries in SEA at the period of "waiting for China". / The topic of this thesis is the history of the LMS (London Missionary Society) missionary movement in Hong Kong and Shanghai in the early period and focuses on the two missionary agencies, Anglo-Chinese College in Hong Kong and London Missionary Society Press in Shanghai. These two missionary agencies were important stages for the early Protestant LMS missionaries to play a key role in the evangelization and communication in China. / 俞強. / 論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2006. / 參考文獻(p. 161-179). / Adviser: Hok Ming Cheung. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-02, Section: A, page: 0689. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / School code: 1307. / Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2006. / Can kao wen xian (p. 161-179). / Yu Qiang.