The aim of this thesis is to analyze the claims of owners of land in the comprehensive land consolidation in terms of restrictions on property rights in the cadastral Kaplice and Zdar at Kaplice. Analysis of the new land organization in terms of restrictions on land ownership and to evaluate the impact of these limitations on the course of land consolidation. These are mainly focus on the state before land consolidation in a given area and conditions after the land consolidation. The result of this work is graphic and textual comparison of inputs and outputs of the land consolidation. Influence on its course and overall comparison of these two territories.

In this thesis stochastic claims reserving under the model of randomly trun- cated data is presented. For modelling the claims, a compound Poisson process is assumed. Introducing a random variable representing the delay between oc- currence and reporting of a claim, a probability model of IBNR claims is built. The fact that some claims are incurred but not reported yet leads to truncated data. Basic results of non-parametric statistical estimation under the model of randomly truncated data are shown, which can be used to obtain an estimate of IBNR claims reserves. Theoretical background is then used for application on real data from Czech Insurers' Bureau. 36

This thesis concentrates on management of the purchasing department, concludes the supply chin management, choice and appraisal of the suppliers, coordination od stock value, negotiation with key suppliers, partnership with the suppliers and claims handling. The target of this thesis was summary of realised measures and preparing next proposals for optimizing the work of purchasing department from the position of Purchasing Manager.

No presente trabalho, explicitam-se os pressupostos para a pré(compreensão) da recuperação judicial, dentre os quais os deveres de medida aplicáveis ao processo de ponderação realizado com o intuito de interpretar os artigos da Lei n. 11.101, de 2005, e investigam-se os princípios constitutivos e gerais do instituto. Em seguida, realiza-se uma releitura dos pontos estruturais da recuperação judicial, tendo como ponto de partida os seus elementos essenciais, de modo que as propostas formuladas, inclusive quanto à natureza jurídica, ao conceito e aos objetivos do instituto da recuperação judicial, por eles serão norteadas. O trabalho, então, é direcionado para a interpretação do artigo 67, caput, da Lei n. 11.101, de 2005; dispositivo que determina a qualificação dos créditos concedidos ao devedor durante a recuperação judicial como extraconcursais em caso de a sua falência vir a ser decretada. O conteúdo normativo pertinente ao artigo 67 mantém relação material estreita com praticamente todas as decisões a serem tomadas pelos credores e pelo devedor no campo da recuperação judicial. No entanto, a doutrina, até o momento, cingiu-se a emitir comentários breves e bastante contraditórios a seu respeito; nenhuma decisão judicial dedicada a interpretá-lo e aplicá-lo transitou em julgado. / The present study explains the assumptions for the (pre) understanding of judicial reorganization, among which are the duties of measurement for the weighting process carried out in order to interpret the articles of Law no. 11.101, 2005. It also investigates the constituent and general principles of the Bankruptcy Law. In the sequence, there is a rereading of the reorganization structural points, beginning by its essential elements, so that the formulated proposals, including its legal nature, its concept and its judicial reorganization goals, are guided by them. The study is then directed to the interpretation of Article 67, caput, Law no. 11.101, 2005; provision which determines the eligibility of credits granted to the debtor during judicial reorganization as post-petition claims in case its liquidation comes to be enacted. The normative content of Article 67 maintains close material relation with virtually all decisions to be taken by creditors and by the debtor in the judicial reorganization field. However, the doctrine, so far, has confined itself to issue brief and very contradictory comments upon this subject; no court decision directed to interpret it and apply it became final.

As atividades da construção civil são intrinsecamente complexas, resultado de muitas variáveis e grande quantidade de informações envolvidas, o que dificulta o gerenciamento dos riscos e a previsão de conflitos, os quais podem vir a se tornar uma disputa. Os contratos, instrumentos de pacto e reguladores das ações dos agentes e celebrados para a realização dos empreendimentos, muitas vezes são mal redigidos e criam um campo fértil para disputas e demandas judiciais, as quais geram prejuízos aos agentes e às partes interessadas envolvidas. A justiça estatal é morosa em função do acúmulo de processos e de alto custo. Como alternativa, foi instituída pela lei federal 9307/96 a arbitragem, uma forma de solução de disputas de forma privada, criada com a intenção de ser rápida, de baixo custo e sigilosa. O objetivo desta pesquisa é o de analisar a freqüência e condições de utilização da arbitragem nos contratos de execução de empreendimentos de construção civil, a identificação das vantagens e desvantagens que uma empresa construtora terá ao utilizá-la de modo a sugerir ações com vistas a incrementar a sua utilização pelas empresas construtoras. Foram utilizados como métodos de pesquisa a revisão bibliográfica e entrevistas de campo com três órgãos institucionais arbitrais, três empresas construtoras e três escritórios de advocacia. / Construction activities are inherent complex, as a result of a great number of interests and large amount f information involved, what makes risk management and conflict prediction difficult tasks, eventually leading to legal disputes. Construction and engineering contracts often do not cover all risks involved, leading to claims and resulting in losses of time and money for construction firms, engineering companies, property developers, and other stakeholders. The judiciary system is very slow and expensive, and, as an alternative, private arbitration courts were created by federal law 9307/96. Private managed, these courts are expected to be faster, less expensive and confidential. The aim of this research is to analyze the frequency and conditions of the use of arbitration in contracts in civil construction projects, identifying advantages and disadvantages from the point of view of construction companies, aiming to suggest actions as to increase its use. The research method includes bibliographic review and a survey with three institutional private arbitration organizations, three construction firms and three law firms.

O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar a função que teve a Imprensa Negra como instrumento de reinvindicação de direitos e combate à exclusão sócio-político-econômica do negro em São Paulo, numa época de urbanização e crescimento industrial acelerados.Em decorrência das origens dessa exclusão, pretende-se relembrar o papel das Irmandades, Associações e primeiros jornais como focos iniciais de resistência à mesma. No entanto, o período escolhido para a pesquisa é aquele compreendido entre os anos de 1915 e 1937, quando, a par do interesse de congregar os negros através da educação e de outros meios, a Imprensa começa a reinvindicar os direitos que os mesmos deveriam ter como cidadãos integrantes da sociedade paulista e, por extensão, brasileira. A implantação do Estado Novo em 1937 determina o fechamento dos partidos políticos, associações e jornais a eles ligados, razão pela qual a historiografia considera a data como a de decadência dos jornais negros e, portanto, de suas reinvindicações. Tentaremos mostrar, entretanto, como as disputas ideológicas e por poder entre as lideranças, mudando o perfil de atuação dos periódicos, foram decisivos para a decadência do caráter reinvindicatório dos mesmos, tendo se iniciado bem antes do golpe de Getúlio Vargas. / The aim of this master thesis is to show the role of Black Press as instrument of rights claiming and the struggle against social, political e economical exclusion of Brazilian black people in São Paulo in a time of fast urbanization and industrial growth. Considering the origins of that social exclusion, this paper intends to remember the role of Brotherhoods, Associations and former black journals as the initial process for fighting that exclusion. Nevertheless the chosen period for this research is between 1915 and 1937, when, besides the interest in congregating the blacks through education and other means, the Black Press starts claiming the rights that people should have as integrated citizens in São Paulo society and, as a consequence, in Brazilian society. The implementation of Estado Novo in 1937 determines the political parties shut down as well as the associations and journals associated to them, being this event the main reason the Historiography considers that year as the highlight of black journals decadence, so do their claims. However, we will try to demonstrate how the ideological disputes and struggle for power among the leaders, by the acting profile of journals, were crucial for the decadence of journals claiming approach, getting started quite before the Getúlio Vargas coup.

L'usage de l'information géographique par une société d'assurance se révèle être un précieux atout dans un marché mature et perturbé par d'incessants événements d'ampleur. L'angle d'approche adopté vise à montrer que l'intérêt de son emploi se décline à tous les niveaux de la chaîne de valeur assurantielle (souscription, gestion de sinistre, cumul de risque, réassurance). Nous montrons que le recours à l'information géographique et à ses techniques associées ouvre de multiples voies de développement des métiers de l'assurance. La première vise à estimer le coût d'un événement extrême pour répondre aux exigences imposées par la législation (Solvabilité 2) et offrir des éléments de réflexion quant au dimensionnement des protections financières. La deuxième vise au renforcement de l'offre de protection contre les risques naturels, là où le régime CatNat trouve ses limites et n'intervient pas. Il s'agit de créer des produits d'assurance complémentaires et innovants agissant aux contours d'un système parfois flou et lacunaire. La troisième s'inscrit dans une perspective d'accompagnement des assurés en les informant des risques latents auxquels ils sont soumis, en leurs prodiguant des conseils en matière de prévention face à des risques bien souvent sous estimés et ne recevant généralement pas toute l'attention et de facto, la préparation qui leurs sont dues. / The use of geographical information by an insurance company appears to be a valuable asset in a mature business disturbed by ceaseless extreme events. The chosen approach aims to show the usefulness of this specific information at all levels of the insurance chain value (underwriting, claims management, cumulative risk and reinsurance). We show that the use of geographic information and its associated techniques opens up many development paths for the insurance industry. The first one is to estimate the cost of an extreme event to meet the requirements imposed by legislator (Solvency 2) and offer some thoughts about the need of financial protection. The second aims at strengthening the level of protection against natural hazards, where the insurance scheme is limited by CatNat's law and is not involved. This consists in creating additional and innovative insurance products acting in a vague and sometimes incomplete system. The third is part of a policyholders accompanying perspective by informing them of the latent risks to which they are subjected, furthermore providing them preventive advice against risks which are often underestimated and usually do not benefit from attention and de facto, the way to prepare for them.

Some forestry industry operations in South Africa are currently on land that is under claim. This case study was aimed at identifying the most suitable model for future engagement of communities in forestry with forest land under claim in Mpumalanga. In total, 231 households were purposively sampled at Jessievale (n=100) and Roburna (n=131) where the primary data was collected through interviews and interactions with household heads. In general, 70% of the respondents indicated that they would opt for a settlement model that involves forestry. About 26.8% chose the joint venture model, whereas 18.6% chose the lease agreement model and 19.4% chose at least one of any other forestry settlement model among those that were given. The joint venture model was the most preferred due to its ability to transfer the land to the claimants and to transfer management skills, create jobs and empower communities. In addition, the study showed that age and forestry skills significantly contribute to the choice of a different model. The study also showed that while communities were interested in getting their land back, they are not fully utilizing the small portions of land currently available to them for agriculture and that the demand for land may be driven more by other land use options such as land for expanding new homes and grazing. In conclusion, communities are still interested in forestry as a land use option. However, future forestry models should clearly address land ownership and accommodate other land use options. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Plant Production and Soil Science / unrestricted

Magister Artium - MA / South Africa

Magister Artium - MA / This thesis relates what is referred to in the text as a 'chronicle' of the history of the Cloete family of Springbokfontein and surrounding areas in Namaqualand, with particular attention to the issue of a land transaction in the early 1850s between seven Cloete brothers and the English copper mining company Phillips & King. The sale of the farm Melkboschkuil has since been a source of long-standing dispute on the part of the Cloete family. It traces the circumstances of the Cloetes' settlement in Namaqualand, the archival and oral record regarding the highly contentious ‘sale’ of the land between these parties, and the subsequent resonances of this land dispute over decades and indeed right up to the 1990s when the Cloete descendants lodged a land claim. The author attempts to use the very specific story of a land deal to throw light on the wider story of the relations between a disadvantaged Baster and later 'Coloured' family, and the white-dominated local and regional government in Namaqualand -- particularly in Springbok. At the same time, attention is drawn to the political and economic forces shaping the people around Springbokfontein during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The small story of the Cloetes is used to illuminate the wider history of the inequitable relations between white capitalists and Baster/Coloured landowners dispossessed of their historic rights to land. The thesis is based on a detailed examination of the struggle of the Cloete family in Namaqualand to secure possession of the land that they once owned but which became the site of a copper mine and later on the town of Springbok. The narrative told from the perspective of certain members of the Cloete family and their descendants, follows a convoluted trail of legal papers, land deeds and oral pronouncements. But at the heart of the story is the question as to how the Nama and Baster people of Namaqualand came to be divested of their rights to the land and a fair share of the mineral wealth of the district following the development of copper mining.