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Investigation of the pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory interactions of cobalt, palladium, platinum and vanadium with human neutrophils in vitroFickl, Heidi January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (PhD.(Immunology)--Faculty of Health Sciences)-University of Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.
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Exchange coupling at cobalt/nickel oxide interfacesBaruth, Andrew Gerald. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009. / Title from title screen (site viewed June 26, 2009). PDF text: xxvii, 209 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 17 Mb. UMI publication number: AAT 3350440. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.
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Caractérisation structurale et magnétique de nanoparticules de CoPt : mise en évidence de la transition de phase A1 vers L10 / Structural and magnetic characterization of CoPt nanoparticles : direct observation of the phase transition between the A1 phase and the L10 oneBlanc, Nils 09 December 2009 (has links)
Les nanoalliages à base de matériaux ferromagnétiques sont intéressants car ils peuvent être à la base d’une technologie de stockage haute densité innovante. En particulier, l’alliage CoPt présente une phase ordonnée fortement anisotrope. Dans ce travail, des nanoparticules de 1,5 à 5 nm de diamètre ont été synthétisées dans un bâti ultra-vide par "Mass Selected Low Energy Cluster Beam Deposition " puis déposées avec une faible énergie et enrobées dans une matrice de carbone amorphe.Après une caractérisation des couches d’agrégats en matrice de carbone par microscopie électronique en transmission (MET), la structure des nanoparticules est étudiée par MET en mode haute-résolution et comparée `a des simulations d’images. Cette approche originale permet de mettre en évidence la mise en ordre des nanoparticules et de quantifier le paramètre d’ordre d’une particule unique. La diffraction des rayons X en incidence rasante (GIXRD) permet, grâce `a des modélisations d’arriver `a la même conclusion :après un recuit sous ultra-vide de 2 h à 650°C, les nanoparticules d’alliage CoPt en matrice de carbone présentent une transition de phase A1 vers L10 sans trace de pollution ni de coalescence.Une étude magnétique des mêmes échantillons par magnétométrie à SQUID et dichroïsme magnétique des rayons X (XMCD) permet de confirmer que les nanoparticules, après un tel traitement thermique,subissent un changement de propriétés magnétiques allant dans le sens d’une mise en ordre chimique même pour des très petites tailles (de diamètre 1,8 nm). / CoPt nanoalloy are interesting: because of the huge anisotropy of the bulk phase it representsa good candidate for high-density magnetic storage applications. In this work CoPt nanoparticles are synthesizedunder ultra high vacuum conditions using “Mass Selected Low Energy Cluster Beam Deposition”in the size range of 1.5 to 5 nm in diameter and co-deposited in an amorphous carbon matrix.After a characterization of the nanoparticle layers in the carbon matrix using conventional transmissionelectron microscopy (TEM) the nanoparticle structure is studied using high resolution TEM togetherwith image simulation. This novel technique brings to light the phase transition of the alloy between thechemically disordered phase A1 and the ordered one L10. In the same time, the long-range chemicalorder parameter can be measured for an individual nanoparticle. The grazing incidence X ray diffractionspectra together with spectra modelisations provide the same conclusion after an annealing of 2 h at650°C the nanoparticles undergo a phase transition without any pollution or coalescence.A magnetic characterization using SQUID magnetometry and X ray magnetic circular dichro¨ısm(XMCD) confirms that after annealing the nanoparticles even for small sizes (1.8 nm) display a changein their magnetic properties corroborating the structural measurements.
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自旋波在磁性奈米線中的微磁模擬 與 鈷/鉑,鈷/鈀,鉑/鈀多層膜的電、磁特性 / Micromagnetic simulations of spin waves in magnetic nanowires and electrical, magnetic properties of Co/Pt, Co/Pd, and Pt/Pd multilayers謝智勛, Hsieh, Chih Hsun Unknown Date (has links)
本論文分為兩部分,第一部分探討使用OOMMF磁性材料模擬軟體來模擬奈米線波導中的自旋波特性,除了以往文獻所熱門的水平異向性薄膜合金中的自旋波,還模擬了垂直異向性的材料,我們模擬了在奈米線一端施加0 ~ 100 GHz外加磁場的自旋波響應。在模擬的結果中,我們發現了水平異向性與垂直異向性的重要差別,垂直異向性比水平異向性波導在頻率小於10 GHz時,少了複雜的自旋波傳遞。而在改變線寬的條件中,我們發現了垂直異向性波導在線寬夠大時,會因退磁場的效應,使得磁矩翻轉,形成許多磁壁,而水平異向性材料則不會,從水平異向性波導大於120 nm線寬的波型中,則會發現自旋波在波導中產生破碎的相位改變。而模擬具有水平寬度變化與垂直厚度變化的週期性邊界,則發現兩者所具有的濾波效果非常相似,而濾波的三個頻段,則是水平寬度變化所截止的頻段,寬於垂直厚度變化的頻段。
第二部分為 ,使用離子濺鍍製成總厚度200 nm,改變交錯層數的(Co/Pt)×N、(Co/Pd) ×N與(Pt/Pd) ×N,三種多層膜的磁性電性分析。Co/Pt與Co/Pd多層膜在Co厚度小於1 nm時為熱門垂直異向性材料,而本實驗專注於Co厚度大於1 nm時介面的特性以及兩種材料的差別。在磁阻的量測上面,得到不同於一般異向性磁阻的規律,一般的異向性磁阻的現象為,平行於電流施加磁場比垂直電流施加磁場所量測的電阻,前者電阻較大(ρ_(H∥I)>ρ_(H⊥I)),但是同為垂直於電流的平行於膜面磁場的電阻(ρ_(H⊥I,in-plane H))與垂直膜面磁場(ρ_(H⊥I,H perpendicular to plane))則呈現了不一樣的行為,尤其為垂直加場的部分,在某些條件的多層膜,會有明顯的垂直方向的異向性磁阻,是為介面所造成額外的垂直方向異向性磁阻,稱作”異向性介面磁阻”(Anisotropic Interface Magnetoresistance)。異向性磁阻與異性向介面磁阻都具有高電阻軸與垂直此軸的低電阻平面,而兩者差別在於異向性磁阻為電流方向軸,而異向性介面磁阻為膜面法向量軸,對於本實驗的量測方法來說,兩軸相差90度角,也因此可辨析兩者不同現象間的差異,並且在我們的分析之中發現,異向性介面磁阻在Co厚度為7 nm以下,才會明顯的顯現。 / The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part discusses the properties of spin waves propagation in magnetic nanowire waveguide by micromagnetic simulation software OOMMF. In addition to in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) in the thin film alloys, we simulate the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of the material. A transverse magnetic field is applied at one end of the waveguide wire and the frequency range is from 0 to 100 GHz. When frequency is less than 10 GHz, we observed that complex modes were generated in the IMA waveguide but there is no spin wave propagates in the PMA waveguide. We also studied the spin wave propagations in wires with different width. Irregular domain wall was generated by demagnetizing field in wider PMA waveguide but IMA waveguide does not have this behavior. In width-modulated and thickness-modulated waveguide spin wave simulations, these two filters have similar results with three band gaps from 0 to 100 GHz and the band gaps in width-modulated wire is wider than in thickness-modulated one.
The second part is experimental measurements of the electrical and magnetic properties of (Co/Pt)×N, (Co/Pd) ×N, and (Pt/Pd) ×N multilayers, which are deposited by sputtering and the total thickness is 200nm. Co/Pt and Co/Pd were popular PMA materials when Co thickness is less than 1 nm. We focused on the multilayers with Co thicker than 1nm and the difference between these multilayers. In magnetoresistance measurement, the R-H curve is different from normal anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR). AMR effect has different resistivity when H∥I or H⊥I, but the measurement results show that ρ_(H⊥I,in-plane H) and ρ_(H⊥I,H perpendicular to plane) also have different MR ratio in specific multilayer configuration. The effect is caused by the interface so it is anisotropic interface magnetoresistance (AIMR) as discussed in the literature. AMR and AIMR have both high resistivity axis and low resistivity plane which is perpendicular to the axis. The difference of two MRs is that the high resistivity axis is parallel to current in AMR and perpendicular to plane in AIMR. In the analysis, the AIMR effect is observed in multilayer with Co thickness less than 7 nm.
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