Unreliable networks can severely hamper transmission of video data. In applications requiring minimal latency, video frames must be compressed using intraframe techniques. We develop a video codec suitable for robot teleoperation over unreliable networks with high packet loss rates. The codec combines a foveated image compression algorithm, Embedded Foveation Image enCoding (EFIC), with a Forward Error Correction (FEC) code tuned to network performance. Foveation, or spatially variant image resolution, allows very high compression levels while preserving the most important image characteristics. By tightly integrating an FEC within the codec we are able to virtually eliminate dropped frames independent of the network protocol. We find that the new codec supports much higher video quality than another intraframe compression technique, Motion JPEG (M-JPEG). / text

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Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:45:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_5874_O Elo Perdido_o Conselho de Desenvolvimento do Espírito Santo_final.pdf: 1651197 bytes, checksum: cb365b7c89fd4feeaca2bdb199f7a204 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-07 / A tese visa entender a importância do Conselho de Desenvolvimento Econômico do Espírito Santo (Codec) para as políticas públicas destinadas à modernização do Espírito Santo considerando os níveis per capita de São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais - por meio do planejamento e da industrialização, entre os anos de 1950 e 1980. O Codec foi o lócus onde parte das propostas, destinadas ao desenvolvimento capitalista capixaba, foram pensadas, tendo em vista a necessidade de reorientar a economia local às mudanças advindas pela erradicação dos cafezais e dos diferentes projetos industriais formulados para o desenvolvimento da economia local, fruto do jogo político estadual que via a industrialização como forma de hegemonia política. A síntese final de tais projetos foram os Grandes Projetos de Impacto, que reforçaram a posição complementar da economia capixaba no cenário mundial através da fixação da grande indústria de mineração, siderúrgica e celulose. As mudanças políticas, econômicas e sociais promovidas visavam adequar a economia local ao capitalismo internacional por meio da associação do capital público com o privado sem que houvesse mudanças estruturais significativas. Houve intensa concentração da renda e fundiária, principalmente na Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória, coração dos Grandes Projetos.

Cette thèse vise à proposer une nouvelle architecture de codage vidéo qui s’inspire du système visuel des mammifères et de la rétine. La rétine peut être considérée comme une machine intelligente qui traite le stimulus visuel de façon très efficace. De ce fait, elle représente une grande source d'inspiration pour développer de nouveaux systèmes de traitement d’image. Il y a plusieurs raisons pour cela : elle consomme peu d’énergie, elle traite des entrées haute résolution et sa façon de transformer et d’encoder de manière dynamique le stimulus visuel dépasse les normes actuelles. Nous avons souhaité étudier et proposer un codec vidéo inspiré de la rétine. L’algorithme proposé a été appliqué à un flux vidéo d'une manière simple, suivant le principe des standards de codage MJPEG ou MJPEG2000. Cette approche permet au lecteur d’étudier et d’explorer tous les avantages du traitement dynamique de la rétine en termes de compression et de traitement d’image. La performance actuelle du codec que nous avons développé est très prometteuse. Les résultats montrent des performances supérieures à MJPEG pour des débits inférieurs à 100 kbps et MPEG-2 pour des débits supérieurs à 70 kpbs. De plus, à faibles débits, le codec proposé décrit mieux le contenu de la scène d’entrée. De nombreuses perspectives sont proposées afin d'améliorer ce codec inspiré de la rétine qui semblent conduire à un nouveau paradigme en compression vidéo. / The goal of this thesis is to propose a novel video coding architecture which is inspired by the mammalian visual system and the retina. If one sees the retina as a machine which processes the visual stimulus, it seems an intelligent and very efficient model to mimic. There are several reasons to claim that, first of all because it consumes low power, it also deals with high resolution inputs and the dynamic way it transforms and encodes the visual stimulus is beyond the current standards. We were motivated to study and release a retina-inspired video codec. The proposed algorithm was applied to a video stream in a very simple way according to the coding standards like MJPEG or MJPEG2000. However, this way allows the reader to study and explore all the advantages of the retina dynamic processing way in terms of compression and image processing. The current performance of the retina-inspired codec is very promising according to some final results which outperform MJPEG for bitrates lo wer than 100 kbps and MPEG-2 for bitrates higher than 70 kpbs. In addition, for lower bitrates, the retina-inspired codec outlines better the content of the input scene. There are many perspectives which concern the improvement of the retina-inspired video codec which seem to lead to a groundbreaking compression architecture. Hopefully, this manuscript will be a useful tool for all the researchers who would like to study further than the perceptual capability of the mammalian visual system and understand how the structure and the functions of the retina can in practice improve the coding algorithms.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / The ability to acquire real-time video from flight test platforms is becoming an important requirement in many test programs. Video is often required to give the flight test engineers a view of critical events during a test such as instrumentation performance or weapons separation. Digital video systems are required because they allow encryption of the video information during transmission. This paper describes a Digital Video Telemetry System that uses improved video compression techniques which typically offer at least a 10:1 improvement in image quality over currently used techniques. This improvement is the result of inter-frame coding and motion compensation which other systems do not use. Better quality video at the same bit rate, or the same quality video at a lower bit rate is achieved. The Digital Video Telemetry System also provides for multiplexing the video information with other telemetered data prior to encryption.

H.264/AVC (Advance Video Coding) standard developed by ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group(VCEG) and ISO/IEC JTC1 Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), is one of the most powerful andcommonly used format for video compression. It is mostly used in internet streaming sources i.e.from media servers to end users. This Master thesis aims at designing a CODEC targeting the Baseline profile on FPGA.Uncompressed raw data is fed into the encoder in units of macroblocks of 16×16 pixels. At thedecoder side the compressed bit stream is taken and the original frame is restored. Emphasis isput on the implementation of CODEC at RTL level and investigate the effect of certain parameterssuch as Quantisation Parameter (QP) on overall compression of the frame rather than investigatingmultiple solutions of a specified block of CODEC.

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<p>Communication tools such as text-based instant messaging, voice and video relay services, real-time video chat and mobile SMS and MMS have successfully been used among Deaf people. Several years of field research with a local Deaf community revealed that disadvantaged South African Deaf&nbsp / people preferred to communicate with both Deaf and hearing peers in South African Sign Language as opposed to text. Synchronous video chat and video&nbsp / relay services provided such opportunities. Both types of services are commonly available in developed regions, but not in developing countries like South&nbsp / Africa. This thesis reports on a workaround approach to design and develop an asynchronous video communication tool that adapted synchronous video&nbsp / &nbsp / codecs to store-and-forward video delivery. This novel asynchronous video tool provided high quality South African Sign Language video chat at the&nbsp / expense of some additional latency. Synchronous video codec adaptation consisted of comparing codecs, and choosing one to optimise in order to&nbsp / minimise latency and preserve video quality. Traditional quality of service metrics only addressed real-time video quality and related services. There was no&nbsp / uch standard for asynchronous video communication. Therefore, we also enhanced traditional objective video quality metrics with subjective&nbsp / assessment metrics conducted with the local Deaf community.</p>

ITC/USA 2012 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Eighth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2012 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California / When developing a video compression system in black box for aircraft, it is necessary to consider the characteristic of the images and the surrounding environment. The images captured in and out of aircraft have excessive movement-related issues, which make the results difficult to analyze and interpret. Failure to remove the tremors in the video component inevitably leads to poor compression efficiency and degrades the video imaging performance in the airborne black box. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a Compression System which can stabilize the video-image and efficiently utilize high compression recording for aircraft without special hardware. Based on the current situation, we suggest a real-time electronic video stabilization algorithm for airborne recorder which recovers shaky images simply and efficiently to work beside a developed stabilization system based on the H.264 Encoder using DSP.