Orientador: Ermínia de Lourdes Campello Fanti / Banca: Fernanda Soares Pinto Cardona / Banca: Maria Gorete Carreira Andrade / Resumo: Neste trabalho são abordados alguns aspectos da teoria de dualidade. Ele pode ser dividido em três partes principais. Na primeira demonstramos o teorema de Dualidade de Poincaré para variedades (sem bordo) orientáveis. Para tanto, fez-se necessário o uso do limite direto e cohomologia com suporte compacto. Na segunda definimos grupos de dualidade, em particular, grupo de dualidade de Poincaré, apresentamos alguns resultados e observações sobre a relação existente entre tais grupos e os grupos fundamentais de variedades asféricas fechadas, que é ainda um problema em aberto. Finalmente, alguns resultados envolvendo invariantes cohomológicos "ends" e grupos de dualidade são apresentados. / Abstract: In this work we consider some aspects of duality theory. It can be divided in three principal parts. In the first we prove the Poincaré Duality theorem for orientable manifolds (without boundary). For that, it is necessary the use of the direct limit and cohomology with compact supports. In the second part we de¯ne duality groups, in particular, Poincaré duality groups, we introduce some results and observations about the relationship between such groups and fundamental groups of aspherical closed manifolds, that still is an open problem. Finally, some results envolving the cohomological invariant "ends" and duality groups are presented. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-03-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:19:04Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cellini_cp_me_sjrp.pdf: 781641 bytes, checksum: 70ed1b385d132f8255370c0014be09b4 (MD5) / Neste trabalho são abordados alguns aspectos da teoria de dualidade. Ele pode ser dividido em três partes principais. Na primeira demonstramos o teorema de Dualidade de Poincaré para variedades (sem bordo) orientáveis. Para tanto, fez-se necessário o uso do limite direto e cohomologia com suporte compacto. Na segunda definimos grupos de dualidade, em particular, grupo de dualidade de Poincaré, apresentamos alguns resultados e observações sobre a relação existente entre tais grupos e os grupos fundamentais de variedades asféricas fechadas, que é ainda um problema em aberto. Finalmente, alguns resultados envolvendo invariantes cohomológicos ends e grupos de dualidade são apresentados. / In this work we consider some aspects of duality theory. It can be divided in three principal parts. In the first we prove the Poincaré Duality theorem for orientable manifolds (without boundary). For that, it is necessary the use of the direct limit and cohomology with compact supports. In the second part we de¯ne duality groups, in particular, Poincaré duality groups, we introduce some results and observations about the relationship between such groups and fundamental groups of aspherical closed manifolds, that still is an open problem. Finally, some results envolving the cohomological invariant ends and duality groups are presented.

Cette thèse se compose de deux parties : dans la première on donne une généralisation d'espaces fibrés construit au-dessus de l'arbre de Bruhat-Tits du groupe GL(2) sur un corps p-adique. Plus précisément, on a construit une tour projective d'espaces fibrés au-dessus du 1-squelette de l'immeuble de Bruhat-Tits de GL(n) sur un corps p-adique. On a montré que toute représentation cuspidale π de GL(n) se plonge avec multiplicité 1 dans le premier espace de cohomologie à support compact du k-ième étage de la tour, où k est le conducteur de π. Dans la deuxième partie on a construit un espace W au-dessus de la subdivision barycentrique de l'immeuble de Bruhat-Tits de GL(n) sur un corps p-adique. Pour étudier les espaces de cohomologie à support compact d'un G-complexe simplicial propre X muni d'un recouvrement équivariant assez particulier, où G est un groupe localement compact totalement discontinu, on a montré l'existence d'une suite spactrale dans la catégorie des représentations lisses de G qui converge vers la cohomologie à support compact de X. En s'appuyant sur ce dernier résultat, on a calculé la cohomologie à support compact de l'espace W comme représentation lisse de GL(n) puis on a montrer que les types cuspidaux de niveau 0 de GL(n) apparaissent avec multiplicité fini dans la cohomologie de certain complexes fini construit au niveau résiduel. Comme conséquence, on montre que les représentations cuspidales de niveau 0 de GL(n) apparaissent dans la cohomologie de W. / This thesis consists of two parts: the first one gives a generalization of fiber spaces constructed above the Bruhat-Tits tree of the group GL(2) over a p-adic field. More precisely we construct a projective tower of spaces over the 1-skeleton of the Bruhat-Tits building of GL(n) over a p-adic field. We show that any cuspidal representation π of GL(n) embeds with multiplicity 1 in the first cohomology space with compact support of k-th floor of the tower, where k is the conductor of π. In the second part we constructed a space W above the barycentric subdivision of the Bruhat-Tits building of GL(n) over a p-adic field. To study the cohomology spaces with compact support of a proper G-simplicial complex X with a rather special equivariant covering, where G is a totally disconnected locally compact group, we show the existence of a spactrale sequence in the category of smooth representations of G that converges to the cohomology with compact support of X. Based on the latter results, we calculate the cohomology with compact support of W as smooth representation of GL(n), and then we show that the level zero cuspidal types of GL(n) appear with finite multiplicity in the cohomology of some finite simplicial complexes constructed in residual level. As a consequence, we show that the cuspidal representations of level 0 of GL(n) appear in the cohomology of W.