Research in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) has identified a gap - the, so called, social-technical gap - between the wide range of human social interactions that CSCW ideally should support and what current technology actually does support. At the same time recent work in cognitive science and CSCW has begun to elucidate the multifarious roles that the body plays in cognitive processes as well as many forms of social interaction, e.g. gestures, pointing, eye-contact and bodily mimicry. The aim of this dissertation has been to analyse to what degree different aspects of embodied social interaction are supported by different types of synchronous, remote location CSCW technology, and to develop recommendations for future development concerning aspects of embodiment. For this purpose, a number of crucial aspects of embodied social interaction have been identified and about twenty CSCW systems - both research prototypes and commercial systems - have been analysed with respects to how well they support these different aspects. The analysis shows that most CSCW systems only support a very limited range of aspects of embodied social interaction.

A realização de videoconferências sem o uso de equipamentos que possuam tecnologia proprietária ou sem o uso de redes não comerciais (como a Internet 2) ou com características não comuns (como o protocolo Multicast) tem se revelado um desafio para os estudiosos do assunto. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de solução desse problema demonstrando que é possível estabelecer-se uma videoconferência entre muitas salas sobre a Internet 1, com qualidade de serviço, usando equipamentos comerciais comuns de informática e sem sobrecarga da rede. Para isso, por intermédio da integração de duas tecnologias grid (AccessGrid e Grid Delivery), são propostas as bases de uma nova versão de Access Grid, chamado MPAG (MultiPeer Access Grid). / The development of videoconferencing without the use of equipments with customized technology or without commercial networks (like Internet 2) or without common characteristics (as Multicast, for instance) has appeared as a challenge to the subject researchers. This work presents a proposal of solution to this problem, showing that is possible to create a videoconference between many rooms under the Internet 1, with quality of service, using common commercial computing equipments and without overloading the network. For this, two technologies of grid (AccessGrid and Grid Delivery) have been integrated, proposing the basis of a new version of Access Grid, called MPAG (MultiPeer Access Grid).

Purpose Facing the dilemma between collaboration and privacy is a continual challenge for users. In this setting, this paper discusses issues of a highly flexible role management integrated in a privacy-enhanced collaborative environment. Design/methodology/approach The general framework was provided by former findings of several research projects, i.e., collaborative platform BluES and projects of privacy and identity management PRIME and PrimeLife. The role management concept bases on a literature survey and has been proofed by integration into the privacy-enhanced environment BluES’n. Findings A three-dimensional role management concept was developed describing users’ rights, tasks, and positions. A discussion on how to fulfill privacy requirements yielded that a semi-automated decision making regarding the use of roles with different identities is reasonable to support users’ control of their privacy when interacting with others. Research limitations/implications The concept of flexible role management complies with the requirements of privacy-enhanced collaborative environments. However, a fully automated approach of rule-based information disclosure is not possible as such decisions depend on personal and situational aspects. Practical implications Using the example of a flexible role management concept, research described in this paper demonstrates that privacy and interaction concerns can be balanced and should be considered in application design processes. Social implications Concepts of privacy-enhanced collaborative environments allow respecting privacy-related attitudes and could improve the quality of service consumption. Originality/value The paper demonstrates contrasts between collaboration and privacy attitudes and presents solutions for the integration of role management to overcome this initially supposed contradiction.

Le contexte de cette recherche se situe dans la perspective d’une meilleure compréhension de l’ingénierie de l’Interaction Homme-Machine pour les environnements collaboratifs et nomadiques. Les systèmes d’informations d’aujourd’hui sont devenus de plus en plus collaboratifs et nomadiques. Cette transformation impose deux contraintes à prendre en considération pendant la conception d’interfaces utilisateur. D’une part, dans une application collaborative, les acteurs interagissent les uns avec les autres afin de réaliser un projet en commun. Ces acteurs interviennent dans différentes disciplines et chacun d’eux a son propre savoir-faire. Ainsi, ils ne partagent pas les mêmes informations relatives au projet. D’autre part, les utilisateurs sont mobiles et désirent avoir accès au système quel que soit sa localisation géographique, tout en conservant la confidentialité des informations définies dans le système. Cette mobilité requiert l’intégration de terminaux mobiles dans le système d’information. Cependant, pour des raisons de taille et de poids, les terminaux mobiles disposent de ressources moins importantes que celles offertes par des stations fixes. Devant ce constat, notre objectif est de construire une interface pour une application collaborative et mobile, personnalisée et adaptée en fonction du profil de l’utilisateur et des ressources d’interactions du terminal utilisé. En particulier, notre contribution est d’une part, la proposition d’une architecture pour un système coopératif, et d’autre part, l’introduction de nouvelles notations, basées sur les environnements collaboratifs, pour la modélisation des tâches. Celle-ci joue un rôle essentiel dans la conception d’interfaces utilisateur. Enfin, nous proposons une approche à base de modèles, pour la génération automatique d’interfaces utilisateur personnalisées aux acteurs et adaptables aux caractéristiques de plateformes, basé sur quatre niveaux d’abstraction. L’applicabilité de notre proposition est vérifiée par des exemples d’application dans le domaine de la santé. Nous avons développé un prototype de système collaboratif pour le suivi des infections nosocomiales. L’étude de cas menée à l’aide de ce système a été rendue possible grâce à la collaboration de l’hôpital Édouard Herriot à Lyon qui nous a transmis son savoir-faire. Ainsi, nous avons développé l’outil AICEStudio afin de montrer la faisabilité de notre approche pour la génération des interfaces utilisateur personnalisées aux acteurs et adaptables aux caractéristiques de plateformes / The context of this research work lies in the prospect of a better understanding of Human-Computer Interaction engineering for collaborative and nomadic environments. Today, information systems have become increasingly collaborative and nomadic. This transformation implies two constraints to consider when designing user interfaces. First, in a collaborative application, the actors interact with each other to achieve a common project. These actors come from different disciplines and each has his own expertise. Thus, they do not share the same information on the project. Second, users are mobile and would like to access the system regardless of its geographical location, while maintaining the confidentiality of information defined in the system. This mobility requires the integration of mobile devices in the information system. However, for reasons of size and weight, mobile devices have limited resources compared to those offered by fixed stations, like PC. Given these observations, our objective is to build an interface for collaborative and mobile applications, personalized and tailored according to user profile and the interaction resources used by the terminal. In particular, our contribution is, on the one hand, the proposal of a collaborative architecture. On the other hand, the introduction of new notations, based on collaborative and nomadic environments, for the modeling of tasks that plays a key role in designing user interfaces. In addition, we proposed an approach based on models for the automatic generation of customized user interfaces to actors and adaptable to the platforms’ characteristics, composed of several levels of abstraction. The applicability of our proposal is tested by examples drawn of the healthcare application domain. We have developed a prototype of a collaborative system for monitoring nosocomial infections. The case study conducted using this system was made possible owing to the collaboration of Edouard Herriot hospital that has fed us with its expertise. Moreover, we have developed the tool AICEStudio to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach for generating customized user interfaces to actors and adaptable to the platforms’ characteristics

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:33:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao EleuLimaNatalli.pdf: 2349516 bytes, checksum: 1476111a4c48f07346f74cae37ebf739 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A Web oferece uma oportunidade inédita de promover a integração de pessoas para a realização de atividades de qualquer natureza, seja para o trabalho, para o lazer ou para o estudo. Com isto vê-se crescer a demanda por novas aplicações colaborativas. Neste contexto vimos surgir uma classe de aplicações denominada de Ambientes Colaborativos. Embora muito se tenha avançado com o surgimento de ambientes de propósito geral, onde os AVAs e CMSs se destacam, tem-se observado que estes nem sempre se ajustam às necessidade e preferências de grupos específicos. É portanto desejável a oferta de facilitadores para criação de propostas inovadoras. Nesse trabalho, é apresentado um framework para o desenvolvimento de ambientes pertencentes a esta classe de aplicações. O objetivo da proposta é facilitar o processo de construção deste gênero de ambientes, promovendo artefatos facilitadores para uso, segundo a abordagem do Modelo 3C de colaboração. A proposta foi construída a partir da metodologia Hot-Spot Driven Design acoplados com boas práticas da Engenharia de Software, além de utilizar os conceitos de Unidade de Produção Intelectual (UPI) e Veículos de comunicação (Vcom) para modelagem dos espaços de colaboração, propostos no projeto MOrFEu. Por fim, o trabalho também apresenta um protótipo do framework proposto, como forma de materializar os conceitos descritos e realçar a viabilidade da proposta, criando-se um conjunto de ambientes colaborativos / The Web offers an unprecedented opportunity to promote the integration of persons to perform activities of any nature, whether for work, for leisure or for study. With this one sees growing demand for new collaborative applications. In this context we have seen an emerging class of applications called Collaborative Environments. Although much progress has been made with the emergence of general-purpose environments, where VLEs and CMSs stand out, it has been observed that these do not always fit the needs and preferences of specific groups. It is therefore desirable to offer facilitators for creating innovative proposals. In this work, we present a framework for the development of environments of this class of applications. The aim of the proposal is to facilitate the process of building this kind of environments, promoting artifacts facilitators to use, according to the approach of the 3C collaboration model. The proposal was built on the methodology Hot-Spot-Driven Design coupled with best practices of software engineering, in addition to using the concepts of Intellectual Production Unit (UPI) and communication vehicle (Vcom) for modeling collaborative spaces proposed in the MOrFEu project. Finally, the work also presents a prototype of the proposed framework as a way of materializing the concepts described and enhance the viability of the proposal, creating a set of collaborative environments

Purpose Facing the dilemma between collaboration and privacy is a continual challenge for users. In this setting, this paper discusses issues of a highly flexible role management integrated in a privacy-enhanced collaborative environment. Design/methodology/approach The general framework was provided by former findings of several research projects, i.e., collaborative platform BluES and projects of privacy and identity management PRIME and PrimeLife. The role management concept bases on a literature survey and has been proofed by integration into the privacy-enhanced environment BluES’n. Findings A three-dimensional role management concept was developed describing users’ rights, tasks, and positions. A discussion on how to fulfill privacy requirements yielded that a semi-automated decision making regarding the use of roles with different identities is reasonable to support users’ control of their privacy when interacting with others. Research limitations/implications The concept of flexible role management complies with the requirements of privacy-enhanced collaborative environments. However, a fully automated approach of rule-based information disclosure is not possible as such decisions depend on personal and situational aspects. Practical implications Using the example of a flexible role management concept, research described in this paper demonstrates that privacy and interaction concerns can be balanced and should be considered in application design processes. Social implications Concepts of privacy-enhanced collaborative environments allow respecting privacy-related attitudes and could improve the quality of service consumption. Originality/value The paper demonstrates contrasts between collaboration and privacy attitudes and presents solutions for the integration of role management to overcome this initially supposed contradiction.

Na ultima década o paradigma de computação orientada a serviços (SOC - Service Oriented Computing) tem ganhado cada vez mais espaço na indústria e na academia, a fim de solucionar o problema da falta de comunicação entre os diversos sistemas de informação presentes dentro de um ambiente corporativo. Graças aos recentes avanços da chamada \"Web 2.0\" um novo estilo arquitetural chamado de Arquitetura orientada a Web (WOA - Web Oriented Architecture) foi proposto a fim de garantir uma maneira simples de conectar os componentes de software dinamicamente. Esse estilo tem como um dos princípios o uso de serviços Web RESTful, a fim de conseguir uma interface funcional simples e uniforme. Este trabalho apresenta um ambiente colaborativo de apoio ao desenvolvimento de serviços Web RESTful utilizando o paradigma de desenvolvimento orientado a modelos (MDD - Model Driven Development). Pretende-se mostrar os benefícios do MDD aplicado a Engenharia Web e também as vantagens apresentadas pela colaboração nesse cenário. Foi realizado ainda um experimento a fim de comprovar a eficiência do ambiente colaborativo e benefícios alcançados por ele / In the last decade the paradigm of Service Oriented Computing has gained more attention in industry and academia in order to solve the problem of lack of communication between different information systems present within a corporate environment. Due to recent advances in Web 2.0 a new architectural style called Web Oriented Architecture is proposed to ensure a simple way to connect software components dynamically. This style has as a principle the use of RESTful Web Services in order to achieve a uniform interface simple and functional. This paper presents a collaborative environment to support the development of RESTful Web Services using the Model Driven Development paradigm. It is intended to show the benefits of MDD applied to Web Engineering and also the advantages presented by collaboration in this scenario. It was also performed a experiment to prove the efficiency of the collaborative environment and benefits achieved by the same

Na ultima década o paradigma de computação orientada a serviços (SOC - Service Oriented Computing) tem ganhado cada vez mais espaço na indústria e na academia, a fim de solucionar o problema da falta de comunicação entre os diversos sistemas de informação presentes dentro de um ambiente corporativo. Graças aos recentes avanços da chamada \"Web 2.0\" um novo estilo arquitetural chamado de Arquitetura orientada a Web (WOA - Web Oriented Architecture) foi proposto a fim de garantir uma maneira simples de conectar os componentes de software dinamicamente. Esse estilo tem como um dos princípios o uso de serviços Web RESTful, a fim de conseguir uma interface funcional simples e uniforme. Este trabalho apresenta um ambiente colaborativo de apoio ao desenvolvimento de serviços Web RESTful utilizando o paradigma de desenvolvimento orientado a modelos (MDD - Model Driven Development). Pretende-se mostrar os benefícios do MDD aplicado a Engenharia Web e também as vantagens apresentadas pela colaboração nesse cenário. Foi realizado ainda um experimento a fim de comprovar a eficiência do ambiente colaborativo e benefícios alcançados por ele / In the last decade the paradigm of Service Oriented Computing has gained more attention in industry and academia in order to solve the problem of lack of communication between different information systems present within a corporate environment. Due to recent advances in Web 2.0 a new architectural style called Web Oriented Architecture is proposed to ensure a simple way to connect software components dynamically. This style has as a principle the use of RESTful Web Services in order to achieve a uniform interface simple and functional. This paper presents a collaborative environment to support the development of RESTful Web Services using the Model Driven Development paradigm. It is intended to show the benefits of MDD applied to Web Engineering and also the advantages presented by collaboration in this scenario. It was also performed a experiment to prove the efficiency of the collaborative environment and benefits achieved by the same