Submitted by Maria Dulce (mdulce@ndc.uff.br) on 2013-12-04T16:37:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Lima, Renata-Dissert-2013.pdf: 7079373 bytes, checksum: 76c26b000231cdb7b67d687686cf299e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-04T16:37:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Lima, Renata-Dissert-2013.pdf: 7079373 bytes, checksum: 76c26b000231cdb7b67d687686cf299e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Esta pesquisa aborda conflitos de terra que configuraram a ocupação territorial fluminense submetida ao projeto colonizador português. O objeto de destaque nestas disputas é uma localidade denominada Quilombo, atualmente situada no município de Casimiro de Abreu (RJ). A presença deste nome em mapas contemporâneos como designação oficial de uma região onde não há negros, mas descendentes de colonos suíços, foi o indício primordial para uma investigação acerca da resistência escrava naquela localidade. Em cartas, ofícios e declarações produzidos durante a década de 1820, colonos suíços afirmaram que prenderam quilombolas e destruíram quilombos, se apossando de suas terras. Notícias de jornal e mapas das três primeiras décadas do século XIX também forneceram informações sobre qui8lombolas e suas instalações nesta região. No âmago das relações de trabalho que constituíram o escravismo colonial brasileiro, o marco cronológico de limiar desta pesquisa é a implantação da família real e corte portuguesa no Rio de Janeiro, em 1808, quando mudanças demográficas expressivas ocorreram, expandindo a colonização antes concentrada no litoral para o interior, com a ocupação da Serra do Mar onde se localizavam quilombos. O marco que finaliza o período desta pesquisa é o término do reinado de D. Pedro I, em 1831, quando foi promulgada a lei Feijó, que garantia liberdade aos escravos chegados ao país a partir desta data, e ano de suspensão oficial das imigrações européias. / This research approach land conflicts that shaped the territorial occupation of Rio de Janeiro submitted to the Portuguese colonizing project. The object highlighted in these disputes is a place called Quilombo (Maroon settlement on runaway slave settlement), currently located in the municipality of Casimiro de Abreu (RJ). The presence of this name in contemporary maps as the official denomination of a region where there are no blacks, but descendants of Swiss colonists, was the primary indication for an investigation into the slave resistance in the locality. In letters, crafts and statements produced during the 1820s, Swiss colonists said they arrested Maroons and destroyed the Maroons settlements, seizing their lands. Newspaper reports and maps of the first three decades of the nineteenth century also provide information about Maroons and their settlement in this region. At the core of labor relations that constituted the Brazilian colonial slavery, the chronological milestone threshold of this research in the transference of the Portuguese royal family and court to Rio de Janeiro, in 1808, where significant demographic changes occurred, before expanding colonization concentrated on the coast to the interior, the occupation of the Serra do Mar (Sea’s Mountain) where was located Maroon settlements. The milestone that ends the period of this research is the conclusion of D. Pedro I’s reign in 1831, when the Act Feijó was enacted, which garanteed freedom to slaves arrived in Brazil as from this date, and year of official suspension of European immigration.

À La Réunion (île colonisée par la France à partir de 1663), le marronnage - ou résistance active à l'esclavage par la fuite volontaire des asservis - était jusqu'alors uniquement dépeint par des sources écrites, desquelles subsistent d'importants vides documentaires concernant le mode de vie des fugitifs et la localisation de leurs camps. Afin de combler ces lacunes, des travaux d'archéologie inédits ont été réalisés. La démarche s' est d'abord basée sur le réexamen de la documentation existante sous un angle archéospatial, puis sur l'acquisition de données matérielles originales par la conduite de prospections pédestres et sondages archéologiques. Le croisement de diverses sources a permis de dresser un inventaire critique des lieux du marronnage connus et de leur potentiel de relocalisation. Par les résultats des prospections corrélés aux archives, plusieurs sites d'habitat attribuables aux « Petits-Blancs» (groupe de paysans en quête de terres qui succédèrent aux marrons) ont été mis au jour. Des sondages effectués sur trois sites ont révélés des occupations représentatives du marronnage et du peuplement pérenne postérieur. Les résultats obtenus à la « vallée secrète», premier témoin matériel du marronnage, ont apporté un éclairage nouveau sur la survie d'esclaves fugitifs en milieu inhospitalier. Les occupations fouillées des Petits-Blancs ont mis en lumière l'importance de leur impact sur le milieu naturel et démontré que la recherche des traces de marronnage est fortement tributaire de leurs vestiges aujourd'hui visibles dans l'espace. L'ensemble des données recueillies a permis d'établir une première carte archéologique de la zone des Hauts de La Réunion. / In Reunion (island colonized by the French from 1663), marronage- or one of the active forms of resistance to slavery by the voluntary escape of slaves -was hitherto only documented by written sources, in which remain significant vacuums concerning maroon mate rial way oflife and the location of their camps. ln order to fil! these gaps, unprecedented archaeological work has been conducted. The approach was firstly based on the review of existing written documentation from an archeogeographic perspective, then on the acquisition of original mate rial data by the conduction of field surveys and excavations. The cross-checking of various sources has enabled a critical inventory of known maroon sites and the potential to rediscover their location. Based on the results of the surveys correlated with the archives, many "Petits Blancs" settlements (group of peasants in search for lands who succeeded the marnons) were discovered. Excavations carried out on three sites have revealed representative occupations of both marnons and posterior permanent settlement. The results yielded on the "secret valley" site, the obtaining of the first material evidence of marronage, have brought new insights about maroon survival strategies in an inhospitable environment. The excavated occupations of the "Petits Blancs" highlighted the importance of their impact on the natural environment and demonstrated that the search for maroon traces is heavily dependent on their remains that are visible in that area today. Overall, ail the data collected has led to the first archaeological mapping of the highland areas of Reunion.