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What were Mary-Russell Ferrell Colton’s contributions to the progressive education movement and the Indian arts and crafts movement in the Southwestern United States at a time when the region was still very remote? Artist, author, amateur ethnographer, educator, and curator; these were but a few of the talents of Mary-Russell Ferrell Colton, co-founder of the Museum of Northern Arizona and early art advocate on the Colorado Plateau. This study investigates how Colton contributed to the progressive education movement and the Indian arts and crafts movement through the work that she did at the museum. There, she labored to increase public awareness of the importance of art education and to revive Native American arts on the Colorado Plateau. Using an extensive collection of archival material in the Colton Collection at the Museum of Northern Arizona, as well as oral history interviews, this historical study provides a nuanced analysis of Colton’s life as an educator. Colton’s influence is not well known today, but her professional contributions merit recognition, giving her a place in the history of American education. This study reveals how Colton’s efforts fit within the context of the work of her contemporaries in Santa Fe and Taos, and within the progressive education movement, from the then relatively remote outpost of Flagstaff. Much can be learned from Colton’s work that is relevant to the field of education today. Her ideals and writings about art education will resonate with opponents of No Child Left Behind. Colton’s work as one of northern Arizona’s earliest art educators contributed to a better understanding of the culture of the various peoples of the Colorado Plateau and to the preservation of Navajo and Hopi traditions through education. Colton made notable contributions to the Indian arts and crafts movement, museum education, and the progressive education movement. A woman of firm convictions and ideals, Colton was strong-willed, and complex, a multi-faceted person with a broad range of interests which she pursued with passion and commitment. This study crosses the boundaries of several disciplines, including educational history, museum studies, women’s studies, educational biography, Native American studies, and art education.

This project describes the outline for an effective procedure for a backwards design approach as it relates to a technology integrated unit of study.

La famille des protéines MIPs est composée de canaux hydriques et de facilitateurs de glycérol. Parmi les canaux hydriques, certains sont sélectivement perm&ables à l'eau, les aquaporines (AQP1, AQP2,...), et les autres sont également perméables aux petits solutés comme le glycérol: les aquaglycéroporines, dont AQP3 fait partie. Nous avons montré dans un premier temps que la perméabilité au glycérol du globule rouge était due à la présence d'AQP3. Dans l'intention de mieux connaître quels étaient les éléments protéiques impliqués dans la sélectivité des protéines MIPs, nous avons construit des chimères entre AQP2 et AQP3. L'une d'entre elle, AQP3-AQP2 Cter, après expression dans l'ovocyte de Xénope, a permis de montrer que la partie C terminale cytoplasmique est impliquée dans le transport d'eau mais pas dans le transport de glycérol d'AQP3. Nous avons également montré que les ovocytes de xénope non matures possédaient des perméabilités à l'eau et au glycérol supérieurs à celles des ovocytes matures suggérant l'expression d'un canal ou d'un transporteur endogène. Enfin, nous avons envisagé de déterminer pour la première fois la structure quaternaire d'une aquaglycéroporine: AQP3. Alors qu'AQP1 dévoile sa forme tétramérique sur gradient de saccharose, après solubilisation en conditions non dénaturantes, AQP3 sédimente dans des fractions plus légères sous forme d'un monomère et d'un dimère très résistant au SDS et aux agents réducteurs hydrophiles. Nous n'avons pu conclure quant à son organisation dans les membranes du fait de son éventuelle sensibilité spécifique aux détergents non dénaturants utilisés. Nous avons donc engagé des études de microscopie électronique de cryofractures de membranes d'ovocytes exprimant AQP1 et AQP3. Nous en avons déduit que la taille d'AQP3 n'était pas suffisamment différente de celle d'AQP1 pour suggérer une organisation membranaire également différente.

After a long struggle, the State of Mississippi founded and funded the Industrial Institute and College in 1884. The school, located in Columbus, Mississippi, was the first state-supported institution of higher education for women in the United States, and it quickly became a model for similar schools in many other states. The Industrial Institute and College was distinguished from other women’s colleges in the nineteenth century by the fact that its graduates were expected to be fully prepared to support themselves. This curriculum required students to complete coursework in both liberal arts and vocational training. There was much conflict and controversy between factions that wanted the school to focus exclusively on either vocational training or liberal studies. Pauline Van de Graaf Orr served as Mistress of English from 1884-1913. Under her leadership, the Department of English set a high standard for its students. While there was considerable attrition among the students, many of whom were as young as fifteen and most of whom had no adequate secondary preparation, the Industrial Institute and College also graduated students, such as Blanche Colton Williams and Rosa Peebles, who went on to distinguished academic careers. Frances Ormond Jones Gaither was the best fiction writer the school graduated. After finding some success as a writer of children’s books in the 1930s, Gaither wrote a trilogy of novels about the Old South in the 1940s. Follow the Drinking Gourd (1941) follows the establishment and development of the Hurricane Plantation in Alabama. The Red Cock Crows (1944) addresses the then-unexplored topic of a slave revolt in antebellum Mississippi. In Double Muscadine (1949), a best-seller, Gaither explores the causes and consequences of miscegenation.

The primary purpose of this study is to examine professional city management in San Bernardino County cities functioning under the council-manager form of government, and to determine whether they are using the fundamental principals of "Managing for Results" as set by the criteria in the GPP report.