Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcioAA_TESE.pdf: 2394645 bytes, checksum: dde098295c26fcbd69ef2bb0c15e0cdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-09 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / This work aims at developing an evaluation of the implementation of the Program Escola Ativa as a public policy for rural schools with combined grade classrooms in Jardim do Serid? RN (1998 2009) focusing on the following dimensions: school s physical environment, training, follow up, and didactic usage of the methodology. In order to develop this research we refer to the literature that analyzes the cycle of policies (FREY, 2000). In this approach, evaluation represents an important step in the process of analyzing the implementation of public policies, as a way of measuring up their performance, as well as a guide for realignments and redefinitions (PRESSMAN; WILDAVSKY, 1998). In order to accomplish this function, the evaluator of policies must be acquainted with scientific concepts and methods that consist of describing, interpreting and analyzing the policies in the governmental sphere (MENY; THOENIG, 1992; LIMA J?NIOR, 1978). In this perspective, we intend to investigate whether in its proposition of minimizing the blanks in the Brazilian educational system, the implementation of the Program would be contributing to the improvement of the political-pedagogical practices in the rural schools with combined grade classrooms in Jardim do Serid? RN. In order to do this research, we have developed a theoretical-methodological matrix made of analysis dimensions, variables, indicators and instruments, such as literary revision, documental analysis, semi-structured interviews with four teachers and three supervisors that work and/or have worked in Escola Ativa in that town in the period comprised among 1998 2009, besides notes taken from field observation and photographs from four rural schools with combined grade classrooms. With this research we have identified that the Program, at a national level, has gone through different phases in its implementation process, for the town was not ready to fully take the responsibilities of the autonomous expansion, in 2002. From that period on, the execution of Escola Ativa has suffered several discontinuities, such as the lack of professional training and supervising. It is also noted that the methodology contributes to the dynamization of the didactic-pedagogical activities and promotes the cooperation and autonomy of the students in the organization and the applicability of the components of the curriculum, especially of Governo Estudantil and Cantinhos de Aprendizagem. Although the directions of the Program (BRASIL, 2005) point out that Escola Ativa has among its principles social transformation, we identified that, isolated, the initiative is not capable of promoting the changes that the rural schools need, namely investments in the physical, material, pedagogical and technological infra-structure, besides the estimation and a career plan for the teachers. In a general draft of the results of this research, we realized that some aspects presented about the peculiarities of Escola Ativa in Jardim do Serid? as a governmental Program, reinforce the need for the public policies to be evaluated, in order to confront critic and operationally the planning with the practice, revising action, whenever necessary / O presente trabalho objetiva desenvolver uma avalia??o de implementa??o do Programa Escola Ativa como pol?tica p?blica para escolas do campo com turmas multisseriadas em Jardim do Serid?/RN (1998-2009), enfocando as dimens?es ambiente f?sico-escolar, forma??o, acompanhamento e aplica??o did?tica da metodologia. Para desenvolver a pesquisa tomamos como refer?ncia a literatura que analisa o ciclo das pol?ticas (FREY, 2000). Nessa abordagem, a avalia??o representa uma importante etapa no processo de an?lise de implementa??o das pol?ticas p?blicas, podendo aferir sobre o seu desenho, bem como orientar realinhamentos e redefini??es (PREESSMAN; WILDAVSKY, 1998). Para cumprir essa fun??o, o avaliador de pol?ticas deve se apropriar de conceitos e de m?todos cient?ficos que consistem em descrever, interpretar e analisar as pol?ticas na esfera governamental (MENY; THOENIG, 1992; LIMA J?NIOR, 1978). Nessa perspectiva, buscamos investigar se em sua proposi??o de minimizar uma lacuna no sistema educacional brasileiro, a implementa??o do Programa estaria contribuindo para a melhoria das pr?ticas pol?tico-pedag?gicas junto ?s escolas rurais com turmas multisseriadas em Jardim do Serid?/RN. Para a realiza??o da pesquisa, desenvolvemos uma matriz te?rico-metodol?gica constitu?da por dimens?es de an?lises, vari?veis, indicadores e instrumentos, a saber: revis?o da literatura, an?lise documental, entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 04 professoras e 03 supervisoras que atuaram e/ou atuam no Escola Ativa naquele munic?pio no per?odo de 1998-2009, al?m de observa??es com produ??o de notas de campo e de fotografias em quatro escolas rurais com turmas multisseriadas. Com a pesquisa, identificamos que o Programa, em n?vel nacional, atravessou diferentes fases em seu processo de implementa??o, n?o estando o munic?pio preparado para assumir plenamente as responsabilidades da expans?o aut?noma, em 2002. A partir daquele per?odo a execu??o do Escola Ativa sofreu in?meras descontinuidades, como a falta de forma??o continuada e de acompanhamento. Vimos ainda que a metodologia contribui para dinamizar as atividades did?tico-pedag?gicas e promover a coopera??o e autonomia dos estudantes na organiza??o e aplicabilidade dos componentes curriculares, sobretudo do Governo Estudantil e dos Cantinhos de Aprendizagem. Embora as diretrizes do Programa (BRASIL, 2005) explicitem que o Escola Ativa tem como um dos princ?pios a transforma??o social, identificamos que, isoladamente, a iniciativa n?o ? capaz de promover as transforma??es que as escolas rurais necessitam, como os investimentos em infra-estrutura f?sica, materiais, pedag?gicas e tecnol?gicas, al?m de valoriza??o e carreira do trabalho docente. No esbo?o geral dos resultados da pesquisa, percebemos que alguns aspectos apresentados sobre a particularidade do Escola Ativa em Jardim do Serid? como um programa governamental, refor?am a necessidade de as pol?ticas p?blicas serem avaliadas, a fim de confrontar cr?tica e operacionalmente o planejamento com a pr?tica, revisando as a??es, quando necess?rio