This study traces the attempt by Pol Pot's Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK) - renamed the party of Democratic Kampuchea (PDK) in 1982 - to regain the power it lost in January 1979 as a result of a Vietnamese invasion. It describes broadly the CPK/PDK armed struggle from 1979 to 1991 and examines in detail PDK efforts to return to power through the 1991 Paris Agreements, a peace settlement implemented by the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC). The study reinterprets the determinants of PDK political behaviour between its signature of the Paris Agreements and its decision in June 1992 not to implement the Agreements' provisions for demobilization of its armed forces under UNTAC auspices. It argues that despite the bitter souring of relations between Pol Pot and the Vietnamese Communists, PDK's turn-around can only be understood by taking seriously the doctrinal roots of PDK thinking within the Marxist-Leninist tradition, and in particular by treating it as an offshoot of the Vietnamese-dominated Indochinese Communist Party that gave birth to the CPK. It shows that the key concept upon which Pol Pot relied to fight his enemies after 1979 was the Vietnamese doctrine of "people's war", including its tactical prescriptions on Communist participation in parliamentary struggle and "peace agreements", such as that which the Vietnamese had signed in 1973. A major theme of the study is the self-delusional aspects of PDK's obsession with the Vietnamese-derived notion of people's war. The key self-delusion was the belief that by ever-more-correctly following properly-selected aspects of the script of people's war, PDK could renew the political support among the Cambodian peasantry that had supposedly been the basis of Pol Pot's seizure of power in 1975. The study shows how such hopes were revealed as illusory under the domestic political circumstances resulting from UNTAC's implementation of the Paris Agreements. UNTAC created political openings that PDK's non-Communist rival, the National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Cooperative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC), was able to exploit, while PDK was too unpopular to take advantage of similar opportunities and thus floundered.

This study of cultural and ideological aspects of educational change presents the case of state school teachers of English in Slovakia in the immediate post-1989 period. It considers the problems they face in the successful management of rapid change in their field, at the same time examining the implications of their situation for teacher education and support programmes in the region and elsewhere. It is argued that the voices of teachers, who are expected to act as both recipients and agents of change, have often been overlooked in previous studies of this type, with the ideas of the educational planner or innovator tending to dominate. The views of older, more experienced teachers in particular have seldom been consulted, with the result that they are sometimes perceived as being 'resistant to change'. In addition, many studies of change fail to take into consideration strong cultural and ideological influences on educational practice: it is claimed that these are of particular importance in the context of post-communist societies opening their doors to ideas imported from the West. In this study, a combination of interview, focus group and classroom observation data allows the voices of different protagonists (including educational specialists) to emerge. Through the juxtaposition of different accounts of the effects of educational change, it can be shown that successful change management depends very much on teachers themselves, and on their ability to resolve tensions between different cultural and ideological traditions. The provision of support for teachers via published materials, educational projects or collaborative networks also needs to take such traditions into account.

David Yuk-Cheung Chan. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1980. / Bibliography: l. 245-253.

Thesis (doctoral)--Université de Paris III, 1978. / Includes indexes. Includes bibliographical references (p. 787-823).

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張慧真 = The changing hero models : .. / 稿本影印本 / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學, 1991. / Gao ben yin ying ben. / Includes bibliographical references: leaves 17-27 (last group) / Zhang Huizhen = The changing hero models : .. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1991. / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 / Chapter 甲 --- 「英雄模範」與 「理想人格」的涵義 --- p.2 / Chapter 乙 --- 傳統中國社會與英雄模範的關係 --- p.4 / Chapter 丙 --- 當代中國社會與英雄模範的關係 --- p.13 / Chapter 丁 --- 小結 --- p.23 / Chapter 第二章 --- 研究觀念和問題的闡釋 / Chapter 甲 --- 「自我」概念的界說 --- p.25 / Chapter 乙 --- 「角色」理論的界說──角色和角色叢的概念 --- p.38 / Chapter 丙 --- 「象徵互重理論」──自我意義的詮釋 --- p.41 / Chapter 丁 --- 「顯著價值取向」的界說──價值賦予者與受惠者的關係分類 --- p.44 / Chapter 戊 --- 「自我」概念分析架構的整合 --- p.46 / Chapter 已 --- 研究問題的界說 --- p.53 / Chapter 第三章 --- 研究設計 / Chapter 甲 --- 研究意義和目的 --- p.54 / Chapter 乙 --- 研究範疇 --- p.56 / Chapter 丙 --- 研究工具 --- p.60 / Chapter 丁 --- 研究方法和步驟 --- p.61 / Chapter 戊 --- 研究限制 --- p.64 / Chapter 第四章 --- 英雄模範 （一）：雷鋒 / Chapter 甲 --- 雷鋒生平和社會背景 --- p.65 / Chapter 乙 --- 雷鋒「自我」概念的分析架構 --- p.70 / Chapter 丙 --- 雷鋒「自我」概念的涵義 --- p.72 / Chapter 丁 --- 小結──死後論英雄 --- p.112 / Chapter 第五章 --- 英雄模範（二）：張海迪 / Chapter 甲 --- 張海迪的生平和社會背景 --- p.116 / Chapter 乙 --- 張海迪「自我」概念的分析架構 --- p.121 / Chapter 丙 --- 張海迪「自我」概念的涵義 --- p.123 / Chapter 丁 --- 小結──英雄模範的生涯 --- p.159 / Chapter 第六章 --- 英雄模範（三）：其他當代中國的英雄模範(1978-1985) / Chapter 甲 --- 與「四人幫」鬥爭型的英雄模範 --- p.163 / Chapter 乙 --- 知識和科技型的英雄模範 --- p.167 / Chapter 丙 --- 自學成才型的英雄模範 --- p.173 / Chapter 丁 --- 回頭是岸型的英雄模範 --- p.177 / Chapter 戊 --- 經濟改革型的英雄模範 --- p.180 / Chapter 已 --- 企業管理型的英雄模範 --- p.183 / Chapter 庚 --- 小結──多元化的英雄模範 --- p.188 / Chapter 第七章 --- 異軌份子：魏京生 / Chapter 甲 --- 魏京生的生平和社會背景 --- p.193 / Chapter 乙 --- 魏京生「自我」概念的分析架構 --- p.196 / Chapter 丙 --- 魏京生「自我」概念的涵義 --- p.198 / Chapter 第八章 --- 總論──綜論當代中國英雄模範的變化(1960-1985) / Chapter 甲 --- 文化連續性和早期經驗的比較 --- p.235 / Chapter 乙 --- 與權威人物之間的「自我－他人」關係比較 --- p.242 / Chapter 丙 --- 在工作崗位上的「自我－物質」關係比較 --- p.248 / Chapter 丁 --- 集體目標與個人理想的比較 --- p.253 / Chapter 戊 --- 自我的社會角色狀態和建立模式的比較 --- p.259 / Chapter 已 --- 小結──當代中國英雄模範自我概念模式的變化和發展 --- p.266 / 註釋 --- p.(1) / 參攷書目 --- p.(17)

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