The Dual-Ladders system of Community Planners and Community Architects was established and propelled by the public works department of the Kaohsiung city government in 2002; it has been almost 2 years. Based on the basic principles of ¡§Bottom-up¡¨ and ¡§Community Independence¡¨ created by the whole community and driven by the current head of the public works department, Mr. Chin-Rong Lin, with the citizen participation in environment planning and reworks, it encourages the involvement of local community planners/community architects to proceed with the system of space problems diagnose and material space reworks plans. This study is to cite the Community Veranda plan pushed by the City of Kaohsiung as an example. In 2002, this plan produced five pieces of work representing the five administrative districts. Starting from September of 2003, these pieces completed one after another. These pieces were the signature pieces of the first anniversary of the Community Planners /Community Architects system in Kaohsiung. Based on this operation model and the working attitudes and the levels of satisfaction of the participating community planners and community architects toward this system, explore and discuss the major issues, such as the participation motives, role identifications, volunteer frequency, system establishment, interaction, difficult situations, and future developments. In addition, for the problems such as the special needs of local environments, the understandings of the system, the role definitions for the professionals, the differentiation of job responsibilities, the self-examination of professional ethics, the interactions among the professionals, and the interaction/integration of government agencies, use the research methods such as document reviews, case analysis and in-depth interviews, to further discover the problems within, to explore the directions for improvements and to guide the strategies for the future development of the system. This study shows that the levels of involvements of the community planners/community architects dropped after their initial participation. The reasons are mostly the practical concerns of personal interests. Besides, the construction industry shows signs of recovery, therefore the demands for these professionals increase. There is a lot of similarity between the expectations for the professionals from the system and the role identifications of the average professionals. There should be differentiation and cooperation for the two systems. Most professionals have the same way of volunteering, but it is not frequent enough. Overall, the professionals think that ¡§Bottom-up¡¨ and ¡§Community Independence¡¨ are beyond reach at this moment and there are many issues of the system need to be addressed. On top of that, lack of trainings, the mere formality of checkpoint mechanism, much needed improvement of the interactions between the professionals and the government agencies, and no leading agency for integration are also the causes for the poor operations and many obstacles of the system.

No description available.

O presente projeto teve por objetivo o desenvolvimento de propostas e implementação de ações mitigadoras em área rural enfocando o tema habitacional \"estudos sólidos\" (lixo), por meio de um Programa de Educação Ambiental, junto à população residente na Colônia da Fazenda Canchim (33 famílias num total de 126 pessoas), inserida em uma das unidades da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste), em São Carlos, SP. Inicialmente foi realizado o levantamento de dados históricos e geográficos da área e, em seguida, a caracterização sócio-cultural da comunidade, incluindo a investigação da percepção com relação ao seu ambiente mais próximo, possibilitando a construção do cenário onde se desenvolveu o trabalho. O perfil sócio-cultural foi o indicador do tipo de integração entre os indivíduos que formam o grupo, no sentido de entender a participação coletiva e o espírito de cooperação, e de conhecer o sistema de atitudes e modos de agir, os costumes, o saber, enfim, o grau de compreensão das interrelações entre a comunidade e o ambiente. O levantamento das diferentes formas de utilização antrópica do sistema ecológico forneceu subsídios para propor alternativas que visam uma ocupação do espaço e que levam em consideração os princípios ecológicos. Estes dados foram obtidos por meio da análise documental do acervo da Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, relativa aos temas de interesse, observação direta, entrevistas e desenhos (mapas mentais). A partir deses resultados, foi elaborada uma proposta de atividades sensibilizadoras para serem desenvolvidas junto à população. As atividades foram concentradas na elaboração de cartazes, palestras, exibição de vídeo e passeios orientados. Essas atividades permitiram a discussão da problemática ambiental e o levantamento de possíveis soluções, a partir da reformulação de comportamentos humanos e resgate de valores. Como ação mitigadora de impacto ambiental ) foi desenvolvido, na área de estudo, o sistema de coleta seletiva de resíduos sólidos (metal, papel, vidro e plástico) sob a forma de postos de entrega voluntária (PEVs), como a melhor solução diante da problemática apontada pelos moradores, tendo contribuído para a melhoria da qualidade de vida e qualidade ambiental. / The objective of this work was to develop proposals and to implement mitigation activities in rural area, related to the environmental issue solid waste, trough an environmental Education Program with the population at the Canchim\'s farm (33 families, 126 people), from Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste), São Carlos - SP. The work started with a survey of historical and geographical data of the area, the socio-cultural characterization of the community and the research of their perception of their relation with the surrounding environrnent. This survey allowed to locate the population under study in space and time, and to build up the work scenery. The social profile was the indicator for the kind of integration among the individuals in the group, to understand the colective participation and the cooperation spirit. The cultural aspects allowed to know the system of atitudes, the ways to act, the behaviours, the knowledge, the degree of understanding the relationship between community and environment. The survey of the various kinds of anthropic use of the ecological system gave support to the alternative proposals to settle the space, considering the ecological principles. These results were obtained by searching documents at library of Embrapa Southeast Cattle, related to the studied thema, direct observations, interviews and brainstorms. A proposal of sensitize activities was build up on these results, to be applied to the local population. The activities were focused on the production of posters, folders, speaches, movies and monitored walkings. These activities raised the discussion on the environrnental matter and the survey of possible solutions, based on the the rescue of human values and the change of behaviour. The forwarded environmental mitigation activity was the selective disposal of solid wastes (metal, paper, glass and plastic) at Voluntary Delivery Points (VDP), as the best solution for the by population selected main problem, with increase of local life quality.

This thesis investigates local-level environmental activism in faith communities, and aims to understand what explains environmental advocacy by Christian faith communities. It asks why Christian communities are participating in environmental advocacy, and identifies the motivations and practices behind their engagement. Faith-based organisations and faith communities are increasingly active in environmental advocacy, both through high-level interventions, and local-level action. While high-level engagement often attracts widespread attention, as in the case of the Pope’s 2015 environmentally-focused encyclical, the engagement of locally-grounded faith communities is often overlooked, both in academia and practice. This thesis aims to fill that void by exploring faith-based environmentalism from the perspective of the local faith community. It takes an ethnographic approach, based on twelve months of participant observation in three Christian congregations in Edinburgh engaged in environmental action. Building on earlier studies of religion and ecology and religious environmentalism, this thesis argues that environmental engagement is explained by theological motivations, and also by practical factors expressed and experienced in the social context of the local faith community. Theologically, faith communities base their environmental engagement within a broad framework of justice, understanding the natural environment as God’s creation, and aligning a Christian responsibility to ‘care for creation’ with recognition of the impacts of climate change and environmental degradation on those least equipped to respond. Yet theology alone cannot explain this advocacy. Engagement is motivated by a sense of community and, more pragmatically, is also explained by everyday issues that reflect the reality of life in a faith community. It is in the social context of the faith community that these factors are brought together. Above all, the research findings emphasise the importance of community, understood both as people and place, as a key underlying factor explaining engagement. By highlighting the central role of community in environmental advocacy, this thesis offers insight into religious environmentalism that prioritises the everyday, ‘lived’ experience of religion, and articulates the importance of the social context in which religion is practiced for understanding engagement.

O presente projeto teve por objetivo o desenvolvimento de propostas e implementação de ações mitigadoras em área rural enfocando o tema habitacional \"estudos sólidos\" (lixo), por meio de um Programa de Educação Ambiental, junto à população residente na Colônia da Fazenda Canchim (33 famílias num total de 126 pessoas), inserida em uma das unidades da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste), em São Carlos, SP. Inicialmente foi realizado o levantamento de dados históricos e geográficos da área e, em seguida, a caracterização sócio-cultural da comunidade, incluindo a investigação da percepção com relação ao seu ambiente mais próximo, possibilitando a construção do cenário onde se desenvolveu o trabalho. O perfil sócio-cultural foi o indicador do tipo de integração entre os indivíduos que formam o grupo, no sentido de entender a participação coletiva e o espírito de cooperação, e de conhecer o sistema de atitudes e modos de agir, os costumes, o saber, enfim, o grau de compreensão das interrelações entre a comunidade e o ambiente. O levantamento das diferentes formas de utilização antrópica do sistema ecológico forneceu subsídios para propor alternativas que visam uma ocupação do espaço e que levam em consideração os princípios ecológicos. Estes dados foram obtidos por meio da análise documental do acervo da Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, relativa aos temas de interesse, observação direta, entrevistas e desenhos (mapas mentais). A partir deses resultados, foi elaborada uma proposta de atividades sensibilizadoras para serem desenvolvidas junto à população. As atividades foram concentradas na elaboração de cartazes, palestras, exibição de vídeo e passeios orientados. Essas atividades permitiram a discussão da problemática ambiental e o levantamento de possíveis soluções, a partir da reformulação de comportamentos humanos e resgate de valores. Como ação mitigadora de impacto ambiental ) foi desenvolvido, na área de estudo, o sistema de coleta seletiva de resíduos sólidos (metal, papel, vidro e plástico) sob a forma de postos de entrega voluntária (PEVs), como a melhor solução diante da problemática apontada pelos moradores, tendo contribuído para a melhoria da qualidade de vida e qualidade ambiental. / The objective of this work was to develop proposals and to implement mitigation activities in rural area, related to the environmental issue solid waste, trough an environmental Education Program with the population at the Canchim\'s farm (33 families, 126 people), from Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste), São Carlos - SP. The work started with a survey of historical and geographical data of the area, the socio-cultural characterization of the community and the research of their perception of their relation with the surrounding environrnent. This survey allowed to locate the population under study in space and time, and to build up the work scenery. The social profile was the indicator for the kind of integration among the individuals in the group, to understand the colective participation and the cooperation spirit. The cultural aspects allowed to know the system of atitudes, the ways to act, the behaviours, the knowledge, the degree of understanding the relationship between community and environment. The survey of the various kinds of anthropic use of the ecological system gave support to the alternative proposals to settle the space, considering the ecological principles. These results were obtained by searching documents at library of Embrapa Southeast Cattle, related to the studied thema, direct observations, interviews and brainstorms. A proposal of sensitize activities was build up on these results, to be applied to the local population. The activities were focused on the production of posters, folders, speaches, movies and monitored walkings. These activities raised the discussion on the environrnental matter and the survey of possible solutions, based on the the rescue of human values and the change of behaviour. The forwarded environmental mitigation activity was the selective disposal of solid wastes (metal, paper, glass and plastic) at Voluntary Delivery Points (VDP), as the best solution for the by population selected main problem, with increase of local life quality.

No description available.

Depuis maintenant plusieurs années la recherche en santé met l’accent sur le rôle de l’environnement alimentaire pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes qui influencent les comportements alimentaires, notamment en milieu urbain défavorisé. La littérature scientifique sur le sujet pour le Canada et le Québec est encore relativement peu fournie, en particulier sur le sujet de l’impact de l’environnement alimentaire du consommateur. Cette étude vise à analyser les associations entre certaines caractéristiques de l’environnement alimentaire incluant l’environnement alimentaire communautaire et du consommateur sur la consommation de fruits et légumes dans un quartier défavorisé de Montréal. L’étude se focalise sur Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, quartier pour lequel il existe de données détaillées sur la consommation de fruits et légumes d’un échantillon de 381 individus ainsi que sur les caractéristiques à l’intérieur de 17 supermarchés du territoire. Un indicateur composite de l’environnement alimentaire communautaire et du consommateur a été créé et utilisé dans des modèles de régression linéaire afin d’estimer l’effet de l’environnement alimentaire sur la consommation de fruits et légumes auprès de 381 individus, en contrôlant pour les facteurs sociodémographiques. Les résultats suggèrent que le fait de fréquenter un marché ou une fruiterie est la seule variable ayant un effet statistiquement significatif sur la consommation de fruits et légumes. Cependant, la grande majorité de l’échantillon s’approvisionne dans quatre supermarchés du quartier. Cette limite est probablement la raison pour laquelle nous ne mesurons pas d’effet significatif du prix et de l’environnement du consommateur en général. D’autres variables explicatives telles que la densité des commerces et la distance parcourue par les individus n’ont pas été observées comme ayant un effet significatif. / For several years now, research has emphasized the role of food environments in influencing eating behaviors, especially in underprivileged urban areas. As for Canada and Quebec, the scientific literature is still relatively limited, especially concerning the impact of the consumer environment. This study strives to analyze the impact of the food environment including both community and consumer food environment on fruits and vegetables consumption in a disadvantaged neighborhood of Montreal. The study includes a sample of 381 individuals living in Hochelaga-Maisonneuve and the characteristics of 17 supermarkets in the neighborhood. After creating a composite indicator of the community and consumer food environment and using linear regression models, these data provide an estimate on the effect of the food environment and of each factor, after controlling for the socio demographic variables, on the fruit and vegetable consumption of 381 individuals. Data shows that attending a market or a fruit store is the only variable having a statistically significant effect on the consumption of fruits and vegetables in this sample. However, the vast majority of participants acquire their supplies from only four supermarkets. This limit is probably the reason why we do not observe an effect of price and of the general consumer environment. Others explicative variables as the density of healthy shops and the distance travels by the participants had not a significant effect.