No / This paper is concerned with the potential of new Information Communication Technologies as a means of furthering a children¿s `community of interest¿. A `community of interest¿ is taken from Raymond Williams¿ concept of people forming communities not around place but around specific `interests¿. I wish in this paper to explore the forms and tensions of a children¿s `community of interest¿ that might be facilitated around ICTs in general and the Internet in particular. The paper draws on community development literature around the potentials and use of ICTs as a means of developing communities. The paper highlights these potentials but also investigates the obstacles that a children¿s online `community of interest¿ may confront.

Notre étude porte sur la créativité sociale qui se produit lors de la conception collaborative de ressources numériques favorisant la pensée mathématique créative, dans le cadre du projet européen MC Squared (http://www.mc2-project.eu/) visant à développer un environnement socio-technologique pour la conception de ressources. Nous nous concentrons sur deux aspects. D'une part, nous explorons les facteurs qui déclenchent ou entravent la créativité sociale chez les concepteurs. D'autre part, nous étudions les relations entre les systèmes de ressources des concepteurs et les connaissances professionnelles et les choix qu'ils font dans la conception des ressources numériques. Nous nous appuyons sur la théorie de l'activité et la théorie du franchissement de frontières pour étudier l'activité de conception collaborative de ces ressources par une communauté d’intérêt, et sur l'approche documentaire du didactique pour étudier la genèse documentaire liée à la conception collaborative des ressources. Notre méthodologie s'appuie sur deux études de cas, à savoir la conception de deux ressources différentes visant à enseigner et à apprendre l'algèbre élémentaire et la modélisation mathématique respectivement / Our study bring to the fore social creativity that occurs during the collaborative design of digital resources fostering creative mathematical thinking elaborated within the framework of the MC Squared European project (http://www.mc2-project.eu/) aiming at developing a socio-technological environment for design. We focus on two aspects. On the one hand, we explore factors that trigger, or hinder, social creativity among the designers. On the other hand, we investigate the relations between the designers’ resource systems and professional knowledge and the choices they make in the design of digital resources. We draw on activity theory and the theory of boundary crossing to study the activity of the resource design by community of interest, and on the documentational approach to didactics to investigate the documentational genesis related to the resource design. Our methodology relies on two case studies, namely the design of two different resources aiming at teaching and learning elementary algebra and mathematical modelling respectively

The current state of organizational environmental management is inadequate to face the risks posed by the natural environment such as resource scarcities resulting from natural, social and/or economic processes such as increases in extreme weather events, natural resources-based conflicts, regulatory restrictions, or trading commodities fluctuations. These changes to the organizational environment call for adaptation so that we may maintain our ability to produce and function sustainably. Organizations need to adopt practices and processes that consider the natural environment. The adoption of environmental management practices and processes has, however, met barriers. Faced with initiatives that promise considerable financial and environmental benefits, research has reported resistance to buy-in. I suggest that perception barriers, imbedded in language, have a role to play in this lack of change. I propose that individual’s mental model of the organization filters information for decision-making based on language. I suggest that the linguistic repertoire of communities of practice is used to filter information relevant to organizational decision-making. A quantitative study showed that differences in community of practice linguistic repertoires are found between the environmental and business communities. In addition, varying levels of familiarity with the repertoire of a community of practice were explored to determine whether community membership is reflected in the linguistic repertoires of individuals. The results suggested that the familiarity of graduate students with the linguistic repertoire of the community of practice they were studying was more akin to membership in a community of interest than a community of practice. In addition, the results suggested that environmental and business communities held opposing sets of relevant linguistic repertoires, providing grounds for communication barriers. Finally, in addition to exploring language’s potential as a barrier and opportunity for change, the in individual’s mental models ability to change was explored. Through case study observations, I showed that a change in the individual’s mental model of the organization could result from participation in an eco-efficiency program. The participants, high-level decision-makers in the organizations, introduced the natural environment as a new aspect to their future decision-making process following participation. Contributions to management and social theory are also discussed. / À mon frère Pascal Perron, il aurait été si fier. - To my brother Pascal Perron, he would have been so proud.

No description available.

De nos jours, les Réseaux Sociaux sont omniprésents dans tous les aspects de la vie. Une fonctionnalité fondamentale de ces réseaux est la connexion entre les utilisateurs. Ces derniers sont engagés progressivement à contribuer en ajoutant leurs propres contenus. Donc, les Réseaux Sociaux intègrent également les créations des utilisateurs ; ce qui incite à revisiter les méthodes de leur analyse. Ce domaine a conduit désormais à de nombreux travaux de recherche ces dernières années. L’un des problèmes principaux est la détection des communautés. Les travaux de recherche présentés dans ce mémoire se positionnent dans les thématiques de l’analyse sémantique des Réseaux Sociaux et de la génération des applications interactives personnalisées. Cette thèse propose une approche pour la détection des communautés d’intérêt dans les Réseaux Sociaux. Cette approche modélise les données sociales sous forme d’un profil utilisateur social représenté par un ontologie. Elle met en oeuvre une méthode pour l’Analyse des Sentiments basées sur les phénomènes de l’influence sociale et d’Homophilie. Les communautés détectées sont exploitées dans la génération d’applications interactives personnalisées. Cette génération est basée sur une approche de type MDA, indépendante du domaine d’application. De surcroît, cet ouvrage fait état d’une évaluation de nos propositions sur des données issues de Réseaux Sociaux réels. / Nowadays, Social Networks are ubiquitous in all aspects of life. A fundamental feature of these networks is the connection between users. These are gradually engaged to contribute by adding their own content. So Social Networks also integrate user creations ; which encourages researchers to revisit the methods of their analysis. This field has now led to a great deal of research in recent years. One of the main problems is the detection of communities. The research presented in this thesis is positioned in the themes of the semantic analysis of Social Networks and the generation of personalized interactive applications. This thesis proposes an approach for the detection of communities of interest in Social Networks. This approach models social data in the form of a social user profile represented by an ontology. It implements a method for the Sentiment Analysis based on the phenomena of social influence and homophily. The detected communities are exploited in the generation of personalized interactive applications. This generation is based on an approach of type MDA, independent of the application domain. In addition, this manuscript reports an evaluation of our proposals on data from Real Social Networks.

No description available.