Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Melbourne, School of Nursing and Social Work, 2009. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 316-328)

Thesis (MPsy(Forensic))--University of South Australia, 2001.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2008. / Adviser: Eugene A. Paoline III. Includes bibliographical references (p. 224-249).

M.A. (Social Work) / This study analyses the aims and objectives in probation service programmes and those formulated for probation services within more comprehensive social welfare programmes. Probation services refer to all the social work services aimed at preventing crime and promoting the social welfare and functioning of the offender, his dependants and the victims of crime. A programme refers to a group of interdependent activities that focuses on achieving objectives or a set of objectives. An aim refers to, a statement that describes the long-term goal of a programme. refers to an operational describes in specific, what goals or results the a certain period of time. An objective, on the other hand, statement in a programme which observable and measurable terms programme plans to achieve within Measured against these definitions, the problem statement was formulated that the aims and objectives of probation service programmes would not meet the required standards. The point of departure was that programme formulators give inadequate attention to the components of aims and objectives. Furthermore, the general types of formulated aims and objectives were determined, as well as the preferred levels of objectives. The research included a study of the literature and archival sources and the completion of questionnaires in order to undertake an empirical investigation in which aims and objectives were evaluated and a model was drawn up for them. It is stressed that the history of probation services in the Republic of South Africa; the policy as it is laid down in the various Acts, particularly; and the formulated probation service programmes

D.Litt. et.Phil.

Previous research on the community supervision model entitled Effective Practices in Community Supervision (EPICS) focuses on the increased attention trained probation officers (POs), as opposed to non-trained POs, pay to using core correctional practices (Smith et al. 2012). While studies like this present a picture of what POs do during face-to-face interactions, there is little focus on PO perceptions of these day-to-day practices. Furthermore, still less studies center the clients on supervision in order to better understand topics such as ideal PO, ideal relationship, and perceptions of common community supervision strategies. To address these gaps, this study uses 30 semi-structured interviews with 15 POs and 15 clients either employed by or under supervision in West County in a northwest state in the U.S. Findings highlight the importance of identity verification for both PO and client. Moreover, this study highlights specific strategies used by POs seeking to balance the care and control aspects of their job. In addition, findings highlight the negative impact that grouping or labeling has on clients, while also showing the potentially positive effect addressing these fears has on the PO-client relationship.

published_or_final_version / Sociology / Master / Master of Social Sciences

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

Community service as an alternative to imprisonment at its inception was taken up very strongly by the judiciary as part of the reform of the criminal justice system in Uganda. The successful enactment of the Community Service Act, Act no: 5/2000, was an achievement towards the implementation of the programme in the country. However, its implementation as an alternative sentence is currently proceeding at a slow pace. The Ugandan law still allows courts to exercise their discretionary powers with regard to either using prison sentences or community service. Courts still seem to prefer to use imprisonment irrespective of the nature of the offence, thus leading to unwarranted government expenditure and prison overcrowding. An additional problem is that some offenders come out of prison having been negatively affected by their interaction with even more serious offenders. This study was undertaken to establish whether community service as an alternative to imprisonment can be effective with regard to reducing recidivism and to accelerating reconciliation and reintegration of minor offenders back into their communities.