The thesis contributes a more lucid understanding of the potential for interaction amongst different facets of sustainability in the context of building design, providing evidence that the assimilation of diverse and often seemingly unconnected aspects of sustainability is not the unassuming process implicit in the current sustainability discourse. Working inductively and with a focus on two sustainable principles (the current UK government sponsored sustainability agenda, low carbon design, and an alternative interpretation, adaptable design, whose literature is framed in a sometimes complementary, at others antagonistic fashion to the former), this thesis develops an understanding of interaction in building design processes, using publically available documentary evidence and a comparative case-study approach. The thesis describes and categorises instances of interaction arising in the twenty-three case study building design processes, demonstrating both the empirical existence of interaction and improving the theoretical conceptualisation beyond basic ideas of synergy and conflict. Interaction is noted as arising from both technical incompatibilities and project actors interpretation of the agendas themselves: a socio-technical issue. The thesis distinguishes multiple approaches adopted by design teams to managing the entanglement encountered. Interpreting these interaction strategies in their case context, factors driving the selection of a particular approach are inductively derived and combined to form a tentative conceptual framework. This framework aides a systematic comparison across project cases, facilitated by the crisp set qualitative comparative analysis (csQCA) technique. Projects are described as configurations of the identified conditions and, by operationalizing interaction in a manner consistent with case study observation and the existing literatures of adaptable and low carbon design, assessed for successfulness in reconciling the agendas. The technique identifies three causal pathways to successful reconciliations of adaptable and low carbon design. Finally, the thesis makes a methodological contribution, through an evaluation of the application of QCA to a novel problem space (socio-technical, project-orientated problems of the built environment). Through the richness of documentary data obtained for study, it also demonstrates the potential effectiveness of documents as primary sources in the field of building design, where they are often relegated to a supporting role.

There is a boat burial in Scar, on Sanday, Orkney that was excavated in 1991. This undergraduate thesis compares Scar with 5 other boat burials from Norway, to determine if the burial custom is uniform or if there are regional differences.  The 6 burials are presented individually and then the type and typology of the finds is compared. The conclusion is that the boat itself and the rivets in the boat burial in Scar are very similar to the burials in Norway, and there are strong similarities between the finds in Scar and the corresponding type of finds in the Norwegian burials. However, they are not uniform in their collections of finds, and this could be due to regional differences. Other potential causes, such as dating of the burials, are discussed as well.

En chinois, les locatifs dénommés 方位词 fāngwèicí (littéralement mots d’orientation et de localisation) forment un ensemble restreint de mots désignant une orientation ou une localisation spatiale, temporelle ou notionnelle en référence à une entité concrète ou abstraite.Cette thèse présente les résultats d’une étude synchronique et diachronique sur corpus de quatre locatifs : 里 li ‘dans’, 中 zhōng ‘au milieu de’, 内 nèi ‘à l’intérieur de’ et 上 shang ‘sur’. Dans l’expression de la relation concrète, ils sont généralement classés dans la catégorie des locatifs topologiques qui expriment une relation d’inclusion ou de contact entre deux entités. Dans les emplois métaphoriques, ils peuvent tous exprimer un cadre, bien que chaque locatif ait des emplois spécifiques propres. Ces quatre locatifs sont parfois interchangeables aussi bien pour les emplois concrets que métaphoriques.Notre étude comparative en chinois contemporain est basée sur un corpus de textes de différents styles : écrit, oral et écrit avec des caractéristiques de l’oral. Les statistiques d’emploi des locatifs recueillies montrent l’importance des styles de textes dans le choix des locatifs. La pragmatique et des contextes sémantiques sont aussi des facteurs déterminants. L’analyse diachronique réalisée sur un corpus de 26 documents représentatifs des périodes archaïque, médiévale et pré-moderne indique l’évolution de chaque locatif et la tendance d’emploi des locatifs au fil du temps, dans les expressions concrètes et métaphoriques. / In Chinese, localizers ( 方位词 fāngwèicí ) are a restricted set of words denoting a concrete or metaphorical relationship between two entities. This thesis presents the results of a synchronic and diachronic corpus-based study of four common localizers : 里 li ‘in’, 中 zhōng ‘middle’, 内 nèi ‘inside’ et 上 shang ‘on’.When expressing a concrete relationship, they are generally categorized as topological localizers which express an inclusion or a contact relationship between two entities. When expressing a metaphorical meaning, all of these localizers can express an abstract framework, although each one has its own specific uses. They are sometimes interchangeable for both concrete and metaphorical meanings.Our comparative study in contemporary Chinese is based on a corpus of texts of different styles : written, oral and written with oral characteristics. The statistics show the importance of text styles in the choice of localizer. Pragmatic and semantic contexts are also determining factors in the uses of localizers.The diachronic analysis performed on a corpus of 26 documents representing the archaic, medieval and pre-modern periods shows the evolution of each localizer and their tendency of use throughout History, both in concrete and metaphorical expressions.

La recherche s’insère de façon réflexive et critique, dans le cadre théorique de l’analyse sociologique, législative, politique et institutionnelle de type comparatif, c’est-à-dire une reconstruction du cadre unitaire et organique de l’univers carcéral de deux pays européens qui sont très proche historiquement et culturellement : la France et l’Italie. C’est une représentation de la dimension carcérale quotidienne des détenus, une réalité articulée et variable qui constitue un des thèmes les plus controversés dans les débats politiques et sociaux actuels au niveau européen. Un travail de recherche focalisé sur cinq thématiques principales : la santé, l’école et l’éducation, le travail, le relations avec la famille, le rôle du volontariat. Ce travail se propose d’enquêter la réalité, les processus et les perspectives, les modèles cohérents et incohérents de réhabilitation au-delà des stéréotypes les plus diffus et bien établis. Dans le fond, la thèse consiste à définir et comprendre comment un individu peut socialiser par le moyen de parcours, de rencontres et d’expériences significatives dans un endroit clos, techniquement désocialisé, dégradé et extrêmement envahissant telle la prison. C’est-à-dire comment la prison, dispositif étatique autoritaire et dogmatique éloigné de la société, puisse constituer un organe de socialisation positive qui permette au prisonnier de surpasser la dépersonnalisation au travers de motivants et dynamiques constructives, développant une nouvelle prise de conscience, une morale intégrée et une comparaison enrichissante avec des modèles externes; le tout lui permettant d’interrompre son parcours de délinquant et d’assumer un nouveau style de vie. / The theoretical context of this work is the comparative analysis of the sociological, legislative, political and institutional aspects of the prison universe in two European countries which are very close, historically and culturally, France and Italy. The aim is to provide a representation of the everyday dimension of the prison, an articulated and variable reality that is one of the most controversial themes in the current political and social debate in Europe. The research work focuses on five main themes: health, school and education, work, relationship with the family, the role of volunteering. This work aims at investigating the reality, the processes and the perspectives, the coherent and incoherent models of rehabilitation beyond the most diffuse and well-established stereotypes. Essentially, the thesis consists in defining and understanding how an individual can socialize through meaningful paths, encounters and experiences in a closed, technically de-socialized, degraded and extremely invasive place such as prison. That is to say, how prison, an authoritarian and dogmatic state facility far removed from society, can constitute a positive means of socialization that allows the prisoner to overcome depersonalization through motivating and constructive dynamics, developing a new awareness, a moral integrity and a rewarding comparison with external models. All this allows him to interrupt his career as a delinquent and assume a new lifestyle.

Development of Public Policy Study in Europe : Czech Study of Public Policy in European Context (Comparing the Cases of France, Germany and the Czech Republic) PhD. thesisr: Vilém Novotný English abstract This PhD. thesis deals with an issue of study of public policy which is considered to be a specific subdiscipline of political sciences. The study of public policy encompasses all approaches that are engaged in research of public policy. In the issue of public policy study is attention focused, in explorative way, on development of public policy study. This aim is pursued from moderate constructivist positions at two levels. At the first, theoretical, level, it is interested in question how to study the development of public policy study. It attempts to formulate general analytical frame which could be used as a comparative grid as well. Its main reference framework is represented by Peter deLeon's model of advice and consent (supply and demand model) (deLeon, 1988) and model devised for an analysis of Canadian political science development by John Trent and Michael Stein (Trent, 1987; Trent, Stein, 2002; Stein, 1998). The analytical frame is designed under assumption of interaction between the subdiscipline and its national and international environment. In the concrete case it deals with mutual...

It is evident from several studies that ultimate bearing capacities calculated by traditional methods are conservative and subjective. For large civil structures founded on spread footings, cost-effective and safer foundation could be achieved by adopting optimum ultimate bearing capacity values that are based on an objective and pragmatic analysis. There is a pressing need to modify the existing methods for accurate estimation of the bearing capacities of rocks for spread footings. In practice, foundation bearing capacities of rock masses are often estimated using the presumptive values from Building Officials Code Administrators, National Building Code, and methods adopted by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. However, the estimated values are often not realistic, and site-specific analyses are essential. In this study, geotechnical reports and drill-log data from successful geotechnical design projects founded on a wide range of granites in eastern Tennessee were consulted. Different published methods were used to calculate ultimate bearing capacity of rock mass. These methods included Peck, Hansen and Thornburn, Hoek and Brown, Army Corps of Engineers, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, and Terzaghi's general bearing capacity equations. Wide variation was observed in the calculated ultimate bearing capacity values, which ranged over about two orders of magnitude. Only two of the methods provided realistic results when validated with plate-load test data from similar rocks.

This dissertation attempts to shed new light on the value of Sergei Prokofiev’s piano transcriptions from the ballet Cinderella, exploring his distinguished body of work through a comparative analysis of the ballet Cinderella and its piano transcriptions. Prokofiev reproduced his nineteen (19) transcription pieces in three sets—op. 95, op. 97, and op. 102—from the ballet, and they are distinctive in many significant aspects, including the organization within a movement, form, harmony, and textural modifications, when compared to the ballet and its piano reduction. In addition, the characters in his three sets are apparent as they are designed in accordance with the dance suite, character piece, and programmatic music. The ultimate object of the dissertation is, through its close examination and reappraisal of Prokofiev’s transcriptions, to provide piano performers with lasting insight into an authentic interpretation of music. The first chapter provides the foundation for the necessity and importance of this comparative analysis between the ballet and the piano transcriptions from Cinderella, and it proceeds to lay out the overall analytical sequence. The second chapter presents a brief overview of Prokofiev’s biography and compositional background relating to his ballet and transcriptions. In particular, it traces Prokofiev’s compositional philosophy and the surrounding historical contexts during the Soviet era. The third chapter examines the distinctions of all nineteen (19) movements of Prokofiev’s three piano transcription sets in terms of their organization, form, harmony, and textural modifications from the ballet scores for orchestra, investigating the distinguishing features of each transcription by way of numerous illustrative examples. In particular, each section analyzes some of the most notable features of all movements based on its title. Finally, the last chapter concludes with a summary of the comparative analysis, assessing the inherent value of Prokofiev’s piano transcriptions as piano solo works incorporating a choreographic gesture, and with the anticipation and hope that the resulting analytical approach can enable piano performers to play with more authenticity and a well-rounded perspective.

A thorough collection of data was completed on Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) particpants in the Bear River Health District to help determine the nutrition education needs of that WIC population. Data were also collected on education, income, and ethnic groups form other states and districts in the nation for comparison with results of this study. The data collected in this study will provide an adequate data base for the future development of nutrition education materials for this district and perhaps other similar districts nationwide. The Bear River district participants, Logan clinic participants in particular, appear to be quite atypical in regard to education level and ethnic variation.

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