Uppslaget till vår uppsats har framkommit som ett resultat av diskussioner mellan författarna och handledare. Författarna har alla tre en företagsekonomisk bakgrund och har tidigare studerat de företagsekonomiska aspekterna av området varumärken och renommésnyltning. Varumärken och andra immateriella rättigheter är i dagens samhälle ett viktigt område för företag. Om ett företag kan visa upp ett starkt varumärke med ett gott renommé/anseende kan de skaffa sig konkurrensfördelar på marknaden. I och med att det finns ett vinstintresse bland företag så finns alltid risken att andra företag vill utnyttja ett konkurrerande företags goda renommé för egen vinning skull, alltså renommésnyltning. Att detta problem existerar är sedan länge känt och det finns idag lagar och praxis som skall skydda företag från att få sitt varumärke/renommé felaktigt utnyttjat. Varumärken skyddas främst utifrån Varumärkeslagen (Vml) medan felaktigt utnyttjande av ett företags renommé i reklam eller saluföring skyddas utifrån Marknadsföringslagen (MFL). Uppsatsen är baserad på de lagar och praxis som tillämpas inom området otillbörlig marknadsföring, då med renommésnyltning som primärt området att studera. Uppsatsen syfte är att fastställa gällande rätt för det rättsliga området renommésnyltning. Vi har genom att studera Marknadsföringslagen samt praxis från Marknadsdomstolen försökt att besvara uppsatsen syfte och problemformulering. Efter att ha analyserat alla de fall som utgjort vårt underlag kan vi sammanfattningsvis konstatera att det är väldigt svårt att fastställa klara och tydliga regler som går att applicera i varje fall. Orsaken till detta är att varje fall som MD dömt i skiller sig från de andra, alltså det finns inga fall det där alla kriterier är lika. Dock kan vi konstatera att många likheter finns i MD: s domar och det är dessa som skapar den praxis som finns i dagsläget.

No description available.

Intellectual property rights (IPRs) are becoming increasingly important due to their inevitable link to technology and economic development. This highlighted role has resulted in the emergence and development of over-protections that are beyond the ideal scope of IPRs. As the scope of IPRs expands, competition concerns are also intensifying and, as a result, the interface between IP and competition law is expanding in new directions. To address these new developments, trans-Atlantic jurisdictions have developed new policies based on the general provisions of their competition laws. Canada’s current policy toward the IP/competition law interface is affected by the existence of a unique section in its Competition Act, section 32, which directly refers to the anti-competitive usage of IPRs. Despite section 32’s long presence in the Act and its role as a basis of the Competition Bureau’s analysis of the IP/competition law interface in Canada, this section has not been judicially considered to date. This thesis re-examines the role of section 32 and explores some of the reasons behind its current obsolescence. The main claim of this thesis is that the current interpretations of the role of section 32 are not as broad as envisaged in the statute. On the one hand, the Competition Bureau’s interpretation in the Intellectual Property Enforcement Guidelines (IPEGs) limits the scope of section 32 to the unilateral refusal to license IPRs. The approach that the Bureau has adopted toward the unilateral refusal to license is more in line with the American restrictive approach, which allows very limited scope for competition law interventions in the IP realm. From the author’s point of view, such a restrictive approach is not consistent with the underlying principles of Canadian competition policies. On the other hand, section 32 has not been amended since 1935. This has led to the generation of some procedural restrictions in the application of this section. The author claims that the procedural requirements of section 32 need to be amended in order to parallel the modernization of the Competition Act that has occurred over the last few decades. / Graduate

This dissertation critically evaluates the rationale for, and implementation of, the regulatory scheme governing third party access to essential infrastructure services (the 'national access regime') set out in Part IIIA of the Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth). The analysis and synthesis of background reports, economic and legal theory, statutory provisions, existing case law, academic commentary and regulatory guidelines contained herein represents a useful and necessary contribution to this nascent area of Australian competition law. In particular, the comprehensive nature of the research has permitted informed assessment of the Productivity Commission's recent review of the national access regime and the Commonwealth Government's response to that inquiry. While the dissertation endorses both the Productivity Commission's finding that retention of the Part IIIA access regime is warranted and many of the (notably light-handed) recommendations advanced by the Commission to improve aspects of the regime's operation, it takes issue with the Commission's failure to propose a more substantial refashioning of the regime's architecture. Stepping into this breach, the dissertation specifies the systemic changes to Part IIIA that are imperative to enhancing the efficacy of the national access regime.

The thesis deals with the relationship between legal protection of competition on the market and legal protection of inventions, illustrated by the relations emerging in connection with licensing of patents. Text of the thesis is divided into four chapters, first two of which constitute a basis for the analysis of chosen subject-matter covered in two subsequent chapters. The topic of the thesis is explored from the viewpoint of competition law; therefore the first chapter introduces competition law foundations and legislation in the EU and the Czech Republic. Besides basic legal institutes the thesis pays attention to legislation and judicial decisions related to technological markets on which patents and their licensing constitute a common part of business strategies. Second chapter covers industrial property protection of inventions in Czech legislation, its foundations and its interconnection with such protection on the international level. The third chapter discusses technology transfer, i.e. transmission of technology information between undertakings on the market. Such information is protected mostly by patents hence it constitutes the issue of both competition law and patent law. With regard to the territorial and exclusive character of the rights resulting from a patent, there are...

Comparison of the aproach to the legal regulatory framework of competition in selected liberal schools of economic thought The thesis focuses on different approaches and conceptions of the market process, economic competition, anticompetitive practices and its regulatory framework in works of selected authors, who belong to different schools of economic thought, that are commonly labeled as "liberal". Gathered findings are then compared. Selected schools of economic thought are the Austrian school, the Chicago school and Freiburg or Ordoliberal school. Each section starts with analysis of the methodology used by given school of economic thought and explanation of concepts used, followed by the definition of market process and views on market order and arrangement and ending with suggestions on the form of actual regulation. First chapter of the thesis starts with defining basic concepts of economic competition, its regulation and anticompetitive practices. These concepts raise little difficulty or confusion thanks to their steady and common legislative usage. The second chapter explains the term "liberal" which is quite contrary to previous terms used ambiguously and often with completely opposite meanings. These two initial chapters delimit the scope and field of study of the thesis. The core of...

Cartel agreements constitute a distortion to consumer ́s welfare and economics environment itself by yielding higher profits without risks to those who engage in anticompetitive behavior. Therefore the purpose of this master thesis is to analyze the aspects of sanctioning cartels under Czech and European law especially with regard to the many recent changes in legislation regulating the protection of competition. The thesis is composed of fifteen chapters. Chapter one defines cartels and their characteristics. Second chapter builds on the first by introducing, the types of prohibited agreements. The background in history of competition regulation and its upcoming challenges is provided in chapter three followed by explanation of the reasons why it is necessary to prosecute competitors who engage in anticompetitive conduct in chapter four. Since these reasons have changed several times in history as have the views of the regulator on the need of market regulation, it is important to explore the issue of inconsistency as they still remain topic of discussion even nowadays. Chapter five provides overview of the institutions whose task it is to enforce competition law. After these background chapters, in chapter six the focus shifts towards liability aspects of cartels and the process of sanctioning...

The graduation thesis "Legal Matters of the Electronic Communications Market" maps the complete system of the economic, historic and particularly the legal consequences of the contemporary conception of the regulation of the e-communications market. It is focused primarily on the relationship between the ex ante regulation and the ex post remedy of the market failure, it monitors the development of how the public interest in providing these services has developed with the reference to the universal service, and it provides a detailed analysis of the new European regulatory framework of the e-communications market that has been accepted in November 2009.

No abstract available / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Private Law / unrestricted

Magister Legum - LLM / Trade liberalisation, free-market system, privatisation and deregulation have become major steps taken by individual countries to accelerate economic growth. This trend has made competition law and its enforcement institutional framework pivotal, especially so with the advent of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA). A liberalised trade and a free market system without effective machinery to checkmate the activities of market participants would invariably give rise to anti-competitive practices such as monopolies, abuse of dominant position, cartels, and vertical restraints. These anti-competitive practices have an adverse effect on trade. Sierra Leone has made commitment to liberalise its market space, deregulating and developing the private sector to accelerate economic growth. This goal would be challenging, without an extant competition law statute and an independent enforcement institutional framework to address anti-competitive practices in the country.