<p>Illamående och kräkning är förekommande biverkningar hos patienter med cancer som behandlas med cytostatika och är därmed tillstånd som sjuksköterskan kommer i kontakt med. Om patientens illamående och kräkning inte förebyggs kan det leda till konsekvenser som att patienten blir dehydrerad, tappar aptiten, blir undernärd och försvårar skadad vävnad att återhämta sig från cytostatikabehandling. Trots att de flesta patienter får antiemetika lyckas inte deras illamående och kräkning förebyggas. Syftet var att belysa komplementära behandlingsmetoder vid cytostatikarelaterat illamående och kräkning. Studien är utförd som en litteraturstudie och baserad på 14 vetenskapliga studier. Resultatet visar att komplementära behandlingsmetoder har ett visst vetenskapligt stöd och är ett bra komplement till antiemetika. Akupressur är den behandlingsmetod som är effektivast för att förebygga cytostatikarelaterat illamående och kräkning. Även akustimulation, elektroakupunktur och avslappning minskar patienternas illamående och kräkning. Mer forskning behövs för att ge mer styrka åt de olika komplementära behandlingsmetoder, eftersom sjuksköterskans arbete måste utföras utifrån vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet. Genom att sjuksköterskan får ökad kunskap om hur cytostatikarelaterat illamående och kräkning förebyggs kan patientens lidande minska.</p>

Illamående och kräkning är förekommande biverkningar hos patienter med cancer som behandlas med cytostatika och är därmed tillstånd som sjuksköterskan kommer i kontakt med. Om patientens illamående och kräkning inte förebyggs kan det leda till konsekvenser som att patienten blir dehydrerad, tappar aptiten, blir undernärd och försvårar skadad vävnad att återhämta sig från cytostatikabehandling. Trots att de flesta patienter får antiemetika lyckas inte deras illamående och kräkning förebyggas. Syftet var att belysa komplementära behandlingsmetoder vid cytostatikarelaterat illamående och kräkning. Studien är utförd som en litteraturstudie och baserad på 14 vetenskapliga studier. Resultatet visar att komplementära behandlingsmetoder har ett visst vetenskapligt stöd och är ett bra komplement till antiemetika. Akupressur är den behandlingsmetod som är effektivast för att förebygga cytostatikarelaterat illamående och kräkning. Även akustimulation, elektroakupunktur och avslappning minskar patienternas illamående och kräkning. Mer forskning behövs för att ge mer styrka åt de olika komplementära behandlingsmetoder, eftersom sjuksköterskans arbete måste utföras utifrån vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet. Genom att sjuksköterskan får ökad kunskap om hur cytostatikarelaterat illamående och kräkning förebyggs kan patientens lidande minska.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 73 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-63).

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 48-51.

According to the American Cancer Society (2009) it is estimated that there will be 1.5 million new cases of cancer in the United States in 2009. Pain is a common symptom experienced by cancer patients throughout various stages of the disease process, as well as while undergoing cancer treatment. Research has found that between 30 and 45% of cancer patients report pain upon diagnosis or at some stage throughout the course of the disease, while 75% of patients with advanced cancer report suffering from pain. The pain experienced by cancer patients is often under treated. Unrelieved pain has negative effects on almost every aspect of an individual's life resulting in needless suffering, decreased quality of life, immunosuppression, and additional burdens on family caregivers. The under treatment of pain in cancer patients could be due in part to the fact that cancer pain is not always completely relieved by analgesic medications. Research is beginning to support the integration of complementary, nonpharmacologic, interventions for pain relief along with a traditional analgesic regimen in order to provide optimal management of pain in cancer patients. The purpose of this integrative review of literature is to examine the use and effectiveness of complementary therapies for the management of pain in cancer patients. Findings indicate that the majority of complementary therapies are effective in improving the pain experience among cancer patients. Recommendations for nursing practice, research, and education will be provided.

Fibromyalgia is a chronic widespread pain disorder that can also cause fatigue, depression, sleep disturbances, and cognitive symptoms. Because the etiology of fibromyalgia is unknown, it is difficult to treat. Research shows that medication alone is insufficient to treat the symptoms of fibromyalgia and that complementary therapies are required to fully manage this disorder. The purpose of this research was to determine what complementary therapies patients with fibromyalgia were currently using. The sample for the survey was taken from fibromyalgia support groups throughout the state of Florida. A total of 15 people diagnosed with fibromyalgia participated in the survey. The most commonly used complementary therapies included diet and relaxation techniques. The therapies that were rarely or never used were hypnotherapy, Tai Chi, and Chi (Qi) Gong. These findings provide evidence to support client education concerning the use of complementary therapies for individuals with fibromyalgia. Research with larger samples is recommended to provide further evidence of the effectiveness of complementary therapies for this patient population.

The objective of this pilot study was to examine the feasibility of using Bowenwork as a complementary intervention for symptom management of breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema in women breast cancer survivors. The aims of the investigation were to 1) determine recruitment and retention rates 2) determine adherence to the intervention, 3) assess the safety and comfort level of the intervention 4) describe the effects of the six week intervention on lymphedema symptoms. A quasi-experimental, repeated measure design was chosen for this pilot study. Twenty-one community-dwelling women breast cancer survivors were recruited from three cities in Arizona, United States. The intervention was delivered in four consecutive sessions five to ten days apart. Baseline and post-intervention questionnaires were completed by the participants. Quality of life was measured with the SF-36 and the FACT-B questionnaires. The FACT-B was also used to measure functional status. Pain was measured with the Brief Pain Inventory. A paired t-test analysis was performed on the baseline and post intervention data. An ANOVA was performed on repeated physical measures (arm circumference and range of motion).Ninety-five percent of the women who enrolled completed the study. Adherence to the intervention and home exercises was high, at 100% and 95% respectively. The intervention was evaluated as safe without any reported major changes in medical condition or level of discomfort that required discontinuation from the study. A paired t-test analysis on the scores from SF-36 (mental health) and the FACT-B (quality of life and functional status) improved significantly following the Bowenwork intervention (p<.05). An ANOVA revealed a statistical significantly improvement in arm circumference and range of motion (p<.05).Bowenwork was shown to be an effective management strategy that improved mental health, increased quality of life and daily functional status, in addition to reducing arm circumference and increasing range of motion in women breast cancer survivors with lymphedema. A future full-scale study is needed to further explore these findings.

Os movimentos contraculturais, desencadeados principalmente nos anos de 1960/70, ao questionarem a sociedade tecnocrata-capitalista e incentivarem uma maior politização da vida social, possibilitaram ampliação da abertura para debates e tensões que afetaram as instituições sociais vigentes, contestando paradigmas consagrados. Tal fato permitiu uma (re)valorização e, até mesmo, reapropriação (ou criação) de perspectivas holísticas em relação ao corpo e à saúde, e a inclusão de outras dimensões explicativas, além das oferecidas pela racionalidade biomédica. Com a maior aceitação das práticas alternativas ou complementares, abriu-se espaço para a retomada de antigos métodos de cura através das mãos, entre elas, as que não necessitam de toque direto entre \"curador\" e paciente, como reiki e o johrei da Igreja Messiânica Mundial. Este estudo teve como objetivo apreender e interpretar os significados de reiki e johrei, considerando os arcabouços técnicos e conceituais sobre os quais estão alicerçados. Assim como, compreender como elas afetam o comportamento de seus praticantes e suas relações sociais. Para interpretar tais significados e experiências foram adotados os referenciais da antropologia interpretativa de Clifford Geertz e o método etnográfico. A pesquisa realizou-se em dois campos distintos, um Núcleo de Reiki e a Igreja Messiânica Mundial, ambos em Ribeirão Preto,SP , no período de outubro de 2009 a janeiro de 2012. Participaram deste estudo 15 reikianos como sujeitos principais e 5 frequentadores da Núcleo, como sujeitos secundários; mais 14 messiânicos, sujeitos principais e 5 frequentadores da Igreja, como sujeitos secundários. Os dados foram coletados por meio de observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas e diário de campo. Os principais resultados indicam que a crença no poder curativo nessas energias, reiki e johrei, aparece como principal sustentação de sua eficácia. Tanto os ensinamentos da Igreja Messiânica, como os ensinamentos e teorias associados ao reiki, foram capazes de fornecer novos sentidos para questões ou problemas desses sujeitos, modificando comportamentos como humor, agressividade, tolerância e sociabilidade, possibilitando a emergência de uma \"identidade holística\" e a configuração de novas \"comunidades de encantamento\" em torno dessas duas práticas. / Countercultural movements, initiated mainly in the 60\'s and 70\'s, questioned the capitalist- technocratic society and encouraged greater politicization of social life, enabling the extension of the debates and tensions that affected the existing social institutions, refuting established paradigms. This fact allowed a (re)valuing and even reappropriation (or creation) of holistic perspectives regarding the body and health, and the inclusion of other explanatory dimensions, beyond the ones offered by biomedical rationality. With an increased acceptance of alternative or complementary practices, there was more space for the return of ancient healing methods through hands, among them, those that do not require direct touch between \"healer\" and patient, such as reiki and johrei, of the World Messianic Church. This study aimed to recognize and interpret the meanings of reiki and johrei, considering the technical and conceptual frameworks upon which they are based, as well as to understand how they affect the behavior of its practitioners and their social relations. In order to interpret these meanings and experiences, Clifford Geertz\'s interpretive anthropology and the ethnographic method were adopted as frameworks. The research was carried out in two sites, a Reiki Center and the World Messianic Church, both in Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil, from October 2009 to January 2012. The study included 15 reiki practitioners as main subjects and 5 frequenters of the Center, as secondary subjects; 14 messianic as main subjects, and 5 frequenters of the Church, as secondary subjects. Data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews and field diary. The main results indicate that belief in the healing power of these energies, reiki and johrei, is the main support of their effectiveness. Both the Messianic Church doctrine as well as the doctrine and theories associated with reiki, were able to provide new meanings to issues or problems of these subjects, modifying behaviors such as mood, aggressiveness, tolerance and sociability, allowing for the emergence of a \"holistic identity\" and the setting of new \"communities of enchantment\" regarding these two practices.

<p><em>Bakgrund</em>: Primär dysmenorré, svår menstruationssmärta utan sjukdomsrelaterad bakomliggande orsak, är det vanligaste gynekologiska besväret för unga kvinnor. Idag fokuseras behandlingen av menstruationssmärta på läkemedel. Det har dock visats att kvinnor även använder sig av ickefarmakologiska metoder för att lindra sin smärta. Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att undersöka om det finns evidens för att följande ickefarmakologiska behandlingsmetoder kan lindra primär dysmenorré: akupunktur, akupressur, kostvanor och kostterapi, massage, transkutan elektrisk nervstimulering (TENS), värme samt örtterapi.</p><p><em>Metod</em>: Sökningar genomfördes i databaserna AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Library samt Pubmed. På grund av få artikelträffar och låg kvalitet hos artiklarna exkluderades massage och värme. Totalt inkluderades 18 engelskspråkiga artiklar, publicerade mellan år 1999-2009, vilka redovisade resultat från sammanlagt 92 studier. Sammanlagt 23 studier undersökte akupunktur, 11 undersökte akupressur, 46 undersökte örtterapi, 3 undersökte kostterapi och kostvanor samt 9 undersökte TENS. Kvalitetsgranskning genomfördes enligt en mall från Forsberg & Wengström (2008).</p><p><em>Resultat</em>: Det finns evidens för att akupressur, TENS och örtterapi lindrar primär dysmenorré. Vilka specifika akupunkter och örter som har en smärtlindande effekt är dock oklart. Sjuksköterskan kan ge råd till patienter med primär dysmenorré att prova TENS för att lindra sina menstruationssmärtor.</p> / <p><em>Background</em>: Primary dysmenorrhea, menstrual pain without disease-related underlying reason, is the most common gynaecological discomfort for young women. Today the treatment regime for menstrual pain is focused on pharmacologic treatments. However, it has been observed that women also use non-pharmacologic methods to ease their pain. The objective for this literature review was to determine if there is evidence for the following non- pharmacologic treatment-methods to ease primary dysmenorrhea: acupuncture, acupressure, dietary habits and dietary therapies, massage, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), heat and herbal therapy.</p><p><em>Method</em>: Searches were performed in databases AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and PubMed. Because of a small number of search-results and low quality of the articles massage and heat was excluded. A total of 18 English-speaking articles published between 1999-2009 were identified. They reviewed results from 92 studies. Altogether 23 studies reviewed acupuncture, 11 acupressure, 46 herbal therapy, 3 dietary therapies and dietary habits and 9 TENS. Quality assessment was performed according to a template from Forsberg & Wengström (2008).</p><p><em>Results</em>: There is evidence that acupressure, TENS and herbal therapy ease primary dysmenorrhea. Which specific acupoints and herbs that are pain relieving could not be concluded. The nurse can give advice to patients with primary dysmenorrhea to test TENS to ease their menstrual pain.</p>

Bakgrund: Primär dysmenorré, svår menstruationssmärta utan sjukdomsrelaterad bakomliggande orsak, är det vanligaste gynekologiska besväret för unga kvinnor. Idag fokuseras behandlingen av menstruationssmärta på läkemedel. Det har dock visats att kvinnor även använder sig av ickefarmakologiska metoder för att lindra sin smärta. Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att undersöka om det finns evidens för att följande ickefarmakologiska behandlingsmetoder kan lindra primär dysmenorré: akupunktur, akupressur, kostvanor och kostterapi, massage, transkutan elektrisk nervstimulering (TENS), värme samt örtterapi. Metod: Sökningar genomfördes i databaserna AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Library samt Pubmed. På grund av få artikelträffar och låg kvalitet hos artiklarna exkluderades massage och värme. Totalt inkluderades 18 engelskspråkiga artiklar, publicerade mellan år 1999-2009, vilka redovisade resultat från sammanlagt 92 studier. Sammanlagt 23 studier undersökte akupunktur, 11 undersökte akupressur, 46 undersökte örtterapi, 3 undersökte kostterapi och kostvanor samt 9 undersökte TENS. Kvalitetsgranskning genomfördes enligt en mall från Forsberg &amp; Wengström (2008). Resultat: Det finns evidens för att akupressur, TENS och örtterapi lindrar primär dysmenorré. Vilka specifika akupunkter och örter som har en smärtlindande effekt är dock oklart. Sjuksköterskan kan ge råd till patienter med primär dysmenorré att prova TENS för att lindra sina menstruationssmärtor. / Background: Primary dysmenorrhea, menstrual pain without disease-related underlying reason, is the most common gynaecological discomfort for young women. Today the treatment regime for menstrual pain is focused on pharmacologic treatments. However, it has been observed that women also use non-pharmacologic methods to ease their pain. The objective for this literature review was to determine if there is evidence for the following non- pharmacologic treatment-methods to ease primary dysmenorrhea: acupuncture, acupressure, dietary habits and dietary therapies, massage, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), heat and herbal therapy. Method: Searches were performed in databases AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and PubMed. Because of a small number of search-results and low quality of the articles massage and heat was excluded. A total of 18 English-speaking articles published between 1999-2009 were identified. They reviewed results from 92 studies. Altogether 23 studies reviewed acupuncture, 11 acupressure, 46 herbal therapy, 3 dietary therapies and dietary habits and 9 TENS. Quality assessment was performed according to a template from Forsberg &amp; Wengström (2008). Results: There is evidence that acupressure, TENS and herbal therapy ease primary dysmenorrhea. Which specific acupoints and herbs that are pain relieving could not be concluded. The nurse can give advice to patients with primary dysmenorrhea to test TENS to ease their menstrual pain.