The thesis deals with the reconstruction of the heating system for a family house after complete overcladding. The first part is dedicated to an introduction of the subject under consideration. The next step is the calculation of heat loss.. A suitable method of insulation including economical recovery was designed according to the research of potential insulation materials, then heat loss were re-calculated. Another point is to determine a suitable temperature gradient and select the most appropriate source of heat and hot water preparation. The pressure loss circuit through the various radiators were calculated and balanced by thermostatic radiator valves. Finally, the insurance elements of the heating system were checked and the drawings documentation were prepared.

In dieser Arbeit haben wir uns mit der Äquivalenz schwach expandierter Argumentationsframeworks beschäftigt. Zunächst haben wir nochmal die Grundlagen der formalen Argumentation und der Semantiken der Akzeptierbarkeit wiederholt. Anschließend betrachteten wir die Konzepte der Expansionen und Splittings und konnten einen direkten Zusammenhang zwischen diesen feststellen. Daraufhin wandten wir uns den Splitting-Resultaten von Baumann [3] zu. Wir haben Redukte und Modifikationen kennengelernt und gesehen wie man diese zur Berechnung neuer Extensionen verwenden kann, nachdem ein Argumentationframework expandiert wurde. Dies geschieht durch das Berechnen einer Extension des ursprünglichen Frameworks, das Ermitteln der Modifikation des Redukts der Erweiterung und deren Extension und anschließende Vereinigung der beiden Extensionen zu einer neuen Extension des Gesamtframeworks.

The primary result from this dissertation is following inequality: d(B) ≤ min(2^< wd(B),sup{λ^c(B): λ < wd(B)}) in ZFC, where B is a homogeneous complete Boolean algebra, d(B) is the density, wd(B) is the weak density, and c(B) is the cellularity of B. Chapter II of this dissertation is a general overview of homogeneous complete Boolean algebras. Assuming the existence of a weakly inaccessible cardinal, we give an example of a homogeneous complete Boolean algebra which does not attain its cellularity. In chapter III, we prove that for any integer n > 1, wd_2(B) = wd_n(B). Also in this chapter, we show that if X⊂B is κ—weakly dense for 1 < κ < sat(B), then sup{wd_κ(B):κ < sat(B)} = d(B). In chapter IV, we address the following question: If X is weakly dense in a homogeneous complete Boolean algebra B, does there necessarily exist b € B\{0} such that {x∗b: x ∈ X} is dense in B|b = {c € B: c ≤ b}? We show that the answer is no for collapsing algebras. In chapter V, we give new proofs to some well known results concerning supporting antichains. A direct consequence of these results is the relation c(B) < wd(B), i.e., the weak density of a homogeneous complete Boolean algebra B is at least as big as the cellularity. Also in this chapter, we introduce discernible sets. We prove that a discernible set of cardinality no greater than c(B) cannot be weakly dense. In chapter VI, we prove the main result of this dissertation, i.e., d(B) ≤ min(2^< wd(B),sup{λ^c(B): λ < wd(B)}). In chapter VII, we list some unsolved problems concerning this dissertation.

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Partiellt bortfall är en vanligt förekommande felkälla vid statistiska undersökningar. Med partiellt bortfall avses avsaknad av vissa variabelvärden för ett observationsobjekt, något som riskerar leda till förlust av statistisk styrka och skeva parameterskattningar. Ett stort antal metoder har utvecklats för att hantera denna problematik, och syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vilken effekt några av dessa metoder har på parameterskattningarna i en logistisk regressionsmodell, och huruvida dessa metoder är lämpliga att tillämpa på aktuellt datamaterial. De metoder som inkluderats i denna studie är complete case analysis, MICE och missForest. För ändamålet simuleras partiellt bortfall av olika omfattningar och under olika bortfallsmekanismer i ett verkligt datamaterial som består av 2987 observationer och fem variabler. Metoderna utvärderas sedan med avseende på normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE), samt genom att undersöka hur de regressionskoefficienter som skattats med de imputerade datamaterialen avviker från de regressionskoefficienter som skattats med det kompletta, observerade datamaterialet. missForest resulterar i lägst NRMSE. I den efterföljande logistiska regressionsanalysen resulterar dock MICE i betydligt lägre bias än missForest. / Missing data is a common problem in research and can lead to loss of statistical power and bias in parameter estimates. Numerous methods have been developed for dealing with missing data, and the aim of this thesis is to evaluate how a number of these methods affect the parameter estimates in a logistic regression model, and whether these methods are suitable for the data in question. The methods included in this study are complete case analysis, MICE and missForest. For the purpose of evaluating the methods, missing values in varying proportions and under different missing mechanisms are generated in a real dataset consisting of 2987 observations and five variables. The performance of the methods is assessed by normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE), and by comparing the regression coefficients estimated using the original, true data set with the regression coefficients estimated using imputed data sets. missForest results in the lowest NRMSE. In the subsequent logistic regression analysis, however, MICE results in considerably lower bias than missForest.

A k × n array with entries from a q-letter alphabet is called a t-covering array if each t × n submatrix contains amongst its columns each one of the gt different words of length t that can be produced by the q letters. In the present article we use a probabilistic approach based on an appropriate Markov chain embedding technique, to study a t-covering problem where, instead of looking at all possible t ×n submatrices, we consider only submatrices of dimension t ×n with its rows being consecutive rows of the original k × n array. Moreover, an exact formula is established for the probability distribution function of the random variable, which enumerates the number of deficient submatrices (i.e., submatrices with at least one missing word, amongst their columns), in the case of a k × n binary matrix (q = 2) obtained by realizing kn Bernoulli variables.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintains brain homeostasis by limiting entry of substances to the central nervous system through interaction of transmembrane and intracellular proteins that make up endothelial cell tight junctions (TJs). Recently it was shown that the BBB can be modulated by disease pathologies including inflammatory pain. This study examined the effects of chronic inflammatory pain on the functional and molecular integrity of the BBB. Inflammatory pain was induced by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the right plantar hindpaw in female Sprague-Dawley rats under halothane anesthesia; control animals were injected with saline. Edema and hyperalgesia were assessed by plethysmography and infrared pawwithdrawal latency. At 72 h postinjection, significant edema formation and hyperalgesia were noted in the CFA-treated rats. Examination of permeability of the BBB by in situ perfusion of [14C]sucrose while rats were under pentobarbital anesthesia demonstrated that CFA treatment significantly increased brain sucrose uptake. Western blot analysis of BBB TJ proteins showed no change in expression of zonula occludens-1 (an accessory protein) or actin (a cytoskeletal protein) with CFA treatment. Expression of the transmembrane TJ proteins occludin and claudin-3 and -5 significantly changed with CFA treatment with a 60% decrease in occludin, a 450% increase in claudin-3, and a 615% increase in claudin-5 expression. This study demonstrates that during chronic inflammatory pain, alterations in BBB function are associated with changes in specific transmembrane TJ proteins.

This licentiate thesis considers the modelling, simulation and experimental investigation of a rammer compactor machine. The purpose is to develop an efficient and verified method for simulation of rammer compactor machines to be used in the product development process. The experience gained through this work is also intended to be useful for studying other types of dynamic compactor machines. Rammer compactor machines perform impact soil compaction. This is more efficient than static compaction. The machines are often used in places where a high degree of compaction is needed, and where the space for operation is limited. The complexity of this type of machine makes design optimisation through traditional prototype testing impractical. This has pointed to the need for a theoretical model and simulation procedure for predicting the dynamic behaviour of the machine. To be useful for optimisation the theoretical model and simulation procedure must be verified. By concurrently working with theoretical modelling, simulations, experimental verifications, and optimisation an efficient analysis support for product development is achieved. This co-ordination works both ways in an iterative manner: experimental investigations are used to verify theoretical models and simulations; and theoretical models and simulations are used to design good experiments. This Complete Approach concept enables better decisions to be made earlier on in the development process, resulting in a decrease in time-to-market and improved quality. In this thesis, the Complete Approach concept is applied to a rammer soil compactor machine. An introductory iteration is described. The good agreement between theoretical and experimental results indicates that the theoretical model and simulation procedure should prove useful in introductory optimisation studies. The thesis discusses reasons for the remaining discrepancy and suggests improvements in both the theoretical model and the experimental set-up for future iterations. / I arbetet studeras det dynamiska beteendet av en jordpackningsmaskin. Syftet är att bygga upp en verifierad modell som kan ligga till grund för vidare produktutveckling. Ett samordnat arbetsätt, Complete Aproach / <p>http://epubl.luth.se/1402-/02/index.html</p>

The beneficial effects obtained from the application of farmyard manure to the soil have long been known in Utah, but now the point has apparently been reached where it becomes evident that the supply of manure is hardly adequate in some sections where intensive cropping is predicted. The use of commercial fertilizers to increase crop yields is a new practice in Utah agriculture as is shown in Table 1 from an estimate made from data kindly furnished by the Columbia Steel Company, and Porter Walden Company.

Exclusion of limitation of right to completion of a blank bill of exchange Abstract Blank bill of exchange is an intentionally incomplete instrument that is meant to be fulfilled in order to become a complete bill of exchange. The owner of the blank bill of exchange exercises his/her right to fulfill a blank bill of exchange by completing the prearranged requirements. The thesis focuses mainly on the time limitation of the right to fulfill a blank bill of exchange. The fulfillment of a blank bill of exchange is performed by the owner of a blank bill of exchange by exercising his right to fulfill a blank bill of exchange. This thesis focuses on the time limitation of the right to fulfill a blank bill of exchange. By exercising this right, the owner of a blank bill of exchange validates the bill of exchange. The absence of time limitation becomes especially significant when the maturity date of the bill of exchange is missing. In these circumstances, the owner of a blank bill of exchange has no time limitation for executing his right. According to the constant case-law of the Supreme Court of the Czech Republic, the right to fulfill a blank bill of exchange shall not be subject to the Statute of Limitations or any other time limitation. The presented thesis addresses the question as to whether the right to...