Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-09-13T12:51:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Robson Stigar.pdf: 1249851 bytes, checksum: 14a85d801474d4dbc262ac0fb4561ece (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-13T12:51:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Robson Stigar.pdf: 1249851 bytes, checksum: 14a85d801474d4dbc262ac0fb4561ece (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / The work of Edgar Morin is developed on the aegis of complexity, seeking in this way to analyze reality through the various areas of knowledge. In view of this characteristic of complex thinking, it may be posited that no area of knowledge should or can be excluded from its analysis. In this sense, religiosity, although not directly addressed in the author's writings, can and should be considered as an object of investigation. In this perspective, the general objective of this study is: to analyze the way in which the religiosity in the thought of Edgar Morin is found. The investigative itinerary was guided by the following problematic: what are the assumptions of Morin's work that allow access to religiosity? For that, the biographical and philosophical route from which Morin structures his epistemological assumptions was analyzed. In this were access routes - mythical, ethical and scientific - that allow the contextualization of the theme of religiosity in the thought of the author. Thus, it is argued in this thesis that Edgar Morin's thought has a religious perspective, which is accessed through three foundations of the method by which it constitutes the epistemology of complexity: myth, ethics and science. This study does not exhaust the possibilities of research on the question of religiosity in Morin's thought. But, it is intended to enable a critical reflection on religiosity and its new configurations, in the context of contemporaneity / A obra de Edgar Morin é desenvolvida sobre a égide da complexidade, buscando desta forma analisar a realidade por meio das diversas áreas do conhecimento. Tendo em vista, esta característica do pensamento complexo, pode-se postular que nenhuma área do saber deve ou pode ser excluída de suas análises. Neste sentido, a religiosidade, apesar de não ser abordada diretamente nos escritos do autor, pode e deve ser considerada como objeto de investigação. Nesta perspectiva, o objetivo geral deste estudo é: analisar a forma pela qual se encontra a religiosidade no pensamento de Edgar Morin. O itinerário investigativo foi norteado pela seguinte problemática: quais os pressupostos da obra de Morin que permitem o acesso a religiosidade? Para tanto, analisou-se o percurso biográfico e filosófico a partir do qual Morin estrutura seus pressupostos epistemológicos. Neste foram encontradas vias de acesso – mítica, ética e científica – que permitem a contextualização do tema da religiosidade no pensamento do autor. Assim, defende-se, na presente tese: que o pensamento de Edgar Morin, possui uma perspectiva religiosa, que é acessada por meio de três fundamentos do método pelo qual constitui a epistemologia da complexidade: o mito, a ética e a ciência. Este estudo, não esgota as possibilidades de pesquisa sobre a questão da religiosidade no pensamento de Morin. Mas, pretende-se por meio deste possibilitar uma reflexão crítica sobre a religiosidade e suas novas configurações, no contexto da contemporaneidade

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-09-26T10:03:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Borges Muriana.pdf: 2844381 bytes, checksum: 2df156221dac5863fc2a49141cdc385d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T10:03:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Borges Muriana.pdf: 2844381 bytes, checksum: 2df156221dac5863fc2a49141cdc385d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this research I investigate the phenomena traditional class, whose backbone is the coursebook, and complex class, based on the Complex Educational Design (CED), both from the students’ perspective. The phenomena emerge from experiences in English language classes for adults, at a language institute. The English proficiency level in Brazil is not satisfactory when compared to other countries and, associated to that, the contemporary world demands didactic alternatives which can be more inclusive, being able to embrace the interwoven network knowledge. Thus, I propose a reflection upon the contrasts between a traditional and a complex class, based on the essence arising from the description and interpretation processes of such classes. For this purpose, the methodological basis is the complex hermeneutic-phenomenological approach (FREIRE, 2010, 2012, 2017), which, for being a qualitative approach, enables the articulation of objectivity and subjectivity during the interpretation process, fostering the revelation of the essence of the human experiences’ phenomena studied. As theoretical support, I chose the complexity epistemology (MORIN, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2013, 2015) due to its articulation to the methodological approach used, which demonstrates its inter/transdisciplinarity from a teaching-learning point of view, according to Fazenda (2006, 2012) and Leffa (2006). To design the traditional classes, I used coursebooks by an international publisher and for its theoretical basis I found support in the studies of Paiva (2009), who brings a historical overview of the English language coursebook in Brazil, and Souza (1997-1998), who considers that a pedagogical weapon. To the complex classes, I chose a design based on the Complex Educational Design (FREIRE, 2013) proposing a course design based on complexity. Average forty-five-minute classes were taught to two different groups; each one had a traditional and a complex class and the teacher required the seven students to write a text describing the class they had just participated in. Fourteen texts were obtained, and they were interpreted based on the complex hermeneutic-phenomenological approach. From the texts describing the traditional classes, the following themes emerged: Grammar, Learning, Information, Transmission, Repetition and Dynamism. From the complex classes, the themes that emerged were Reflection, Discussion, Learning, Expression and Sharing. The contrasts between the themes of the two kinds of classes suggest that a complex design, for embracing traditional aspects, can be more inclusive, besides promoting reflections upon contemporary issues / Neste estudo, investigo os fenômenos aula tradicional, cuja espinha-dorsal é o livro didático, e aula complexa, baseada no design educacional complexo (DEC), ambos na perspectiva dos alunos. Os fenômenos descritos e interpretados são as vivências dos alunos, tendo como contexto aulas de língua inglesa para adultos, em um instituto de idiomas. O nível de proficiência em língua inglesa no Brasil não é considerado baixo se comparado a outros países e, associado a isso, o cenário contemporâneo demanda alternativas didáticas mais inclusivas, capazes de abarcar também um pensamento em rede. Proponho, por isso, a reflexão a respeito dos contrastes entre uma aula tradicional e uma aula complexa, por meio das essências que emergem do processo de descrição e interpretação de tais aulas. Para tanto, baseio-me metodologicamente na Abordagem Hermenêutico-Fenomenológica Complexa, ou AHFC (FREIRE, 2010, 2012, 2017), que, por ser uma abordagem qualitativa de estudo, permite que objetividade e subjetividade se articulem durante o processo interpretativo, auxiliando na descoberta das essências dos fenômenos da experiência humana estudados. Como aporte teórico, optei pela epistemologia da complexidade (MORIN, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2013, 2015), a qual está articulada à abordagem metodológica escolhida e que, no âmbito do ensino-aprendizagem, apresenta sua característica inter/transdisciplinar conforme Fazenda (2006, 2012) e Leffa (2006). Para a confecção das aulas tradicionais, utilizei livros didáticos voltados ao ensino de língua inglesa de uma editora internacional e, para a fundamentação teórica a respeito do mesmo, obtive respaldo nos estudos de Paiva (2009), que apresenta um panorama histórico do uso do livro didático de língua inglesa no Brasil, e de Souza (1997-1998), que o apresenta como uma arma pedagógica. Para o desenho das aulas complexas, utilizei uma proposta embasada no DEC (FREIRE, 2013), o qual propõe um desenho de curso fundamentado na complexidade. Foram ministradas aulas de quarenta e cinco minutos, em média, em dois grupos distintos; cada um dos grupos participou de uma aula tradicional e de uma aula complexa e, ao final de cada aula, a professora pediu que os sete alunos participantes escrevessem um texto descrevendo a aula da qual participaram; foram obtidos quatorze textos, que foram interpretados por meio da AHFC. Dos textos referentes às aulas tradicionais emergiram os temas Gramática, Aprendizagem, Informações, Transmissão, Repetição e Dinamismo, e, dos textos referentes às aulas complexas, os temas foram Reflexão, Discussão, Aprendizagem, Expressão e (o) Compartilhar. Os contrastes entre os temas advindos dos dois tipos de aulas sugerem que uma proposta complexa, por abarcar também o tradicional, pode ser mais inclusiva, além de promover reflexões pertinentes a questões contemporâneas

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-05-19T12:37:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sydney Cincotto Junior.pdf: 6389452 bytes, checksum: e589b1d4e58d7b81bfcdaeb6bbe44325 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-19T12:37:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sydney Cincotto Junior.pdf: 6389452 bytes, checksum: e589b1d4e58d7b81bfcdaeb6bbe44325 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Who are we? Where did we come from? Where are we going? Those are old questions that have incited me toward a complex anthropological knowledge, detached from the imprintings of the official anthropocentric narrative, related to hominization, which irreversibly separated us from the natural world. We took it as an object, domesticated and subdued Nature, creating the Anthropocene. It is in this scenario that we find humankind; thus, Anthropology cannot be unaware of the main occurrences of the Grand Narrative. In search of a Fundamental Anthropology creates a dialog between the works of Edgar Morin and Michel Serres, two incandescent and marginal thinkers who stepped out from the crowd of current scholarship thinkers. Authors of polyphonic ideas, they had produced open and unfinished knowledge, breaking through disciplinary barriers; smuggling concepts; crossbreeding ideas, inventing by thinking. To walk on their shoes, dialog with their narrative and unfold new horizons is to follow them along their path of anthropological knowledge, which reintroduces man into nature; restoring our animality; which contextualizes us into the ecosystem-world that recognizes our biocultural, planetary and cosmic-earthly ascendance, as well as our, at the same time, one and multiple identity, which also contributes to ecologize ideas and actions; which also invests in the ethical rearrangement of the human subject, comprehensively responsible for society and for the Biogea. A well thinking process ecologically intertwined upon the struggles of the Homo complexus universalis oecologicus with himself, the human community and all living things / Quem somos? De onde viemos? Para onde vamos? São antigas questões que me instigam a um saber antropológico complexo desvencilhado dos imprintings da velha narrativa antropocêntrica do processo de hominização que apartou, irremediavelmente, o homem do mundo natural. Tomamos o mundo como objeto, domesticamos e dominamos a natureza, fabricamos o Antropoceno. É nesse contexto que a humanidade se insere, e a Antropologia não pode ficar alheia aos acontecimentos da Grande Narrativa. Em busca de uma Antropologia Fundamental tece um diálogo com as obras de Edgar Morin e de Michel Serres, pensadores incandescentes e desviantes das autoestradas do conhecimento disciplinar. Autores de polifônicas ideias, produziram um conhecimento aberto e inacabado, romperam fronteiras disciplinares, contrabandearam conceitos, mestiçaram saberes, inventaram pensando. Percorrer os seus caminhos, dialogar com suas narrativas, ramificar novos horizontes é prosseguir com ambos nas vias de um saber antropológico que reintroduz o homem na natureza; que restaura sua animalidade; que o contextualiza no ecossistema-mundo; que reconhece sua ascendência cósmica-terrestre, sua identidade una e múltipla, biocultural, planetária; e que também contribui para ecologizar ideias e ações; que investe na recomposição ética do sujeito-humano responsável consigo, com a sociedade, com a Biogea. Um bem-pensar tecido ecologicamente no corpo a corpo do Homo complexus universalis oecologicus consigo, com os outros, com a totalidade dos seres vivos, com a natureza inteira, com o mundo

Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Many variations of Systems Development Life Cycle models have evolved over the last fifty years of systems engineering and software science, yet not enough knowledge is available to better understand these as Complex Adaptive Systems by studying chaos and complexity theories. The primary application domain of the thesis is focused on the development of electronic hardware and software products. There is a great need for innovation to reach all corners of the development ecosystem; however a large cognitive distance exists between the concept of systematic product development and that of value creation. Instruments are needed to aid process agility, for defusing imminent problems as they mount, and for making effective decisions to sustain maximum productivity. Many of these objectives are neglected in systems development practices. As with so many management fads, it appears that no single one of these models lived up to all of the expectations and in many cases ended up being recipes for disaster. The statistics available on failed projects are concerning but has not stopped the scientific and engineering communities from trying over, and over again, to make progress. The goal of the thesis is therefore to identify the most viable model that supports the sustainability of systems development team performance. The research draws insights from extant literature, by applying a knowledge management theory based analysis on the various models with specific attention given to complexity theory. The dominant metric discovered is to measure the Value Velocity of a Systems Development Team. This metric is determined by two independent variables, being Value Created and Delivery Delay. Complex Adaptive Systems simply requires a guiding vision and a carefully selected set of generative rules for increasing and sustaining the Value Velocity. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Menige variasies van stelselsontwikkelingsmodelle het ontwikkel oor die afgelope vyftig jaar in stelselsingenieurswese en sagtewarewetenskap, en steeds is daar nie genoegsame kennis beskikbaar om beter begrip te kry oor hoe hierdie stelsels as Komplekse Aanpassende Sisteme bestudeer kan word nie, ten einde die bestuur daarvan te verbeter. Die primêre toepassingsgebied in die tesis is gespits op die ontwikkeling van rekenaarhardeware en - sagteware. Die behoefte vir innovasie moet al die fasette van die ontwikkelingsekosisteem bereik. Die bewusheidsgaping tussen sistemiese produkontwikkeling en waardeskepping, is te wyd. Instumentasie word benodig om te help met ratsheid in prosesuitvoering, om dreigende probleme te ontlont, en effektief besluitneming toe te pas, en sodoende produktiwiteit op ‘n maksimum vlak te hou. Hierdie doelwitte word tot ’n meerdere mate in die huidige praktyk verontagsaam. Net soos somige bestuursadvies oneffektief is, blyk dit dat daar nog steeds geen stelselsmodelle is wat alle verwagtinge bevredig nie. In baie gevalle eindig die toepassing daarvan in waan en mislukking. Die statistiek beskikbaar op mislukte projekte is onrusbarend, tog het dit nie vooruitgang gekelder nie, en die behoefte na verbetering bestaan steeds. Die doelwit van die tesis is dus om die mees lewensvatbare model wat die voortbestaan van stelselsontwikkelingsgroepe sal kan handhaaf, uit te sonder. Die navorsing neem insigte uit hedendagse literatuur en is gebasseer op ’n analiese van verskeide kennisbestuursteorieё teenoor die bestaande stelselsontwikkelingsmodelle. Die fokus is meer spesifiek toegespits op kompleksiteitsteorie. Die hoofmaatstaaf is om die Waardesnelheid van ’n stelselsontwikkelingspan te bepaal. Hierdie maatstaaf word gepyl deur twee onafhanklike veranderlikes, naamlik die Waarde Geskep en die Afleweringsvertraging. Ten slotte, vereis Kompleks Aanpassende Sisteme slegs die aanwesigheid van 'n leidende visie tesame met 'n goeddeurdagte stel ontwikkelingsreëls, wat aanleiding sal gee tot die verhoging en behoud van die Waardesnelheid.

A realidade das organizações atualmente faz com que os desafios apresentados sejam enfrentados procurando-se a maior eficácia para suas soluções e com isso surjam as adaptações necessárias as constantes mudanças de maneira que os entraves sejam solucionados levando em consideração toda a amplitude que apresentarem. A Teoria da Complexidade por sua essência pode propiciar uma visão mais próxima da realidade, auxiliando na busca pelo entendimento de processos relacionados a gestão dos sistemas. Essa abordagem pode proporcionar uma maior efetividade nas ações das organizações, podendo servir de suporte para o melhor entendimento dos relacionamentos e das necessidades dos atores tanto internos como dos atores externos envolvidos nas organizações. Este trabalho foi construído a partir da necessidade do entendimento de como acontecem os relacionamentos entre os integrantes da cadeia produtiva da maçã para a partir disso propor mecanismos que possam auxiliar na melhoria das inter-relações. Assim, utilizou-se a abordagem do anel tetralógico para auxiliar na identificação das ações decorrentes da implementação da PIM na cadeia produtiva da maçã nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, operacionalizada através de um estudo de caso. Para que os objetivos fossem atingidos foi realizada uma revisão teórica a cerca dos pilares que sustentam o estudo, cadeia produtiva, relacionamento e teoria da Complexidade. Baseando-se na revisão teórica foram construídos os procedimentos metodológicos para a coleta e análise dos dados. A realização do estudo de caso realizou-se a partir de entrevistas com especialistas integrantes da cadeia produtiva da maçã brasileira. A análise dos dados proporcionou a evidencia de resultados como: identificação dos conceitos do anel tetralógico na implementação da Produção Integrada de Maçã; verificação das estratégias que a cadeia produtiva da maçã utiliza como norteadores do sistema; presença nos relacionamentos de ações e atitudes que trazem ao sistema a necessidade de trabalho voltado para o comportamento de cooperação e trabalho em equipe; além da necessidade de uma reorganização voltada para o cumprimento dos processos de certificação por parte do elo compradores atacadistas e varejistas, assim como a conscientização dos consumidores finais para a exigência de controle de qualidade no momento da compra. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-28T19:54:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marcia Rohr da Cuz.pdf: 556190 bytes, checksum: a8d9e8fb44293b0763108a51bc83715c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-28T19:54:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marcia Rohr da Cuz.pdf: 556190 bytes, checksum: a8d9e8fb44293b0763108a51bc83715c (MD5) / The reality of the organizations at present does so that the presented challenges are faced looking for the biggest efficiency for his solutions and the necessary adaptations appear for the constant changes so that the hamper are solved taking into account the whole breadth what to present. The Theory of the Complexity for his essence can give a vision more near the reality, helping in the search for the understanding of processes related of the systems of management. This approach can provide a bigger effectiveness in the actions of the organizations, being able to serve of support for the best understanding of the relationships and of the necessities of the actors so the internal as the external actors wrapped in the organizations. This work was fulfilled from the necessity of the understanding of how the relationships happen between the integrants of the productive chain of the apple for from that to propose mechanisms that could help in the improvement of the inter-relations. So, there was suggested the use of the approach of the tetralogic ring for help in the identification of the actions resulting from the implementation of the PIM in the productive chain of the apple in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. So that the objectives being reached it was carried out a theoretical revision around the pillars that support the study, productive chain, relationship and theory of the Complexity. Being based on the theoretical revision there was built proceedings for the collection and analysis of the data. The realization of the study case happened from interviews with specialists, integrant of the productive chain of the Brazilian apple. The analysis of the data provided shows up of results like: identification of the concepts of the tetralógic ring in the implementation of the Integrated Production of Apple; checking of the strategies that the productive chain of the apple uses how direction of the system; presence in the relationships of actions and attitudes that bring to the system the necessity of work turned to the behavior of cooperation and work in team; besides the necessity of a reorganization turned to the fulfillment of the processes of certification for part of the link wholesale and retail buyers, as well as the conscience of the final consumers for the demand of quality control at the moment of the purchase.

Acompanha: Um novo olhar para o desenvolvimento dos conceitos de divisão celular: trabalhando as relações de complexidade e racionalidade na aprendizagem / Nesta dissertação, foram conhecidas algumas possibilidades de articulação entre os diversos conteúdos envolvidos na formação de professores de Biologia, tendo todos eles uma ligação com o conceito de divisão celular. A partir de dados fornecidos por acadêmicos do último ano do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná e de documentos referentes ao currículo deste curso, foi identificada a presença pontual de relações de complexidade e racionalidade. No contexto da descrição de E. Morin, foi elaborado o modelo de uma rede complexa de conhecimentos, evidenciando possíveis conexões entre conteúdos presentes em diferentes unidades curriculares do núcleo básico do referido curso. Como produto final, foi estruturada uma unidade didática constituída por cinco aulas, exemplificando as relações analisadas, com o intuito de facilitar o processo ensino-aprendizagem. / In this work, some were known possibilities of connecting several contents that are involved in the undergraduate formation in the teaching of Biology, all of them related to the concept of cell division. Out of data that were provided by students of last year of licentiate in Biology at Universidade Federal do Paraná (Brazil), as well as official documents referring to the curriculum of this course, we identified the presence of specific relationships of complexity and rationality. In the context of the description introduced by E. Morin, we constructed a model for a complex network of knowledge, making evident the possible connections between contents which belong to different disciplines of this course. As our final product, we structured a didactic unit that consists in five classes, exemplifying the analyzed relationships, with the aim of facilitating the learning-education process.

A realidade das organizações atualmente faz com que os desafios apresentados sejam enfrentados procurando-se a maior eficácia para suas soluções e com isso surjam as adaptações necessárias as constantes mudanças de maneira que os entraves sejam solucionados levando em consideração toda a amplitude que apresentarem. A Teoria da Complexidade por sua essência pode propiciar uma visão mais próxima da realidade, auxiliando na busca pelo entendimento de processos relacionados a gestão dos sistemas. Essa abordagem pode proporcionar uma maior efetividade nas ações das organizações, podendo servir de suporte para o melhor entendimento dos relacionamentos e das necessidades dos atores tanto internos como dos atores externos envolvidos nas organizações. Este trabalho foi construído a partir da necessidade do entendimento de como acontecem os relacionamentos entre os integrantes da cadeia produtiva da maçã para a partir disso propor mecanismos que possam auxiliar na melhoria das inter-relações. Assim, utilizou-se a abordagem do anel tetralógico para auxiliar na identificação das ações decorrentes da implementação da PIM na cadeia produtiva da maçã nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, operacionalizada através de um estudo de caso. Para que os objetivos fossem atingidos foi realizada uma revisão teórica a cerca dos pilares que sustentam o estudo, cadeia produtiva, relacionamento e teoria da Complexidade. Baseando-se na revisão teórica foram construídos os procedimentos metodológicos para a coleta e análise dos dados. A realização do estudo de caso realizou-se a partir de entrevistas com especialistas integrantes da cadeia produtiva da maçã brasileira. A análise dos dados proporcionou a evidencia de resultados como: identificação dos conceitos do anel tetralógico na implementação da Produção Integrada de Maçã; verificação das estratégias que a cadeia produtiva da maçã utiliza como norteadores do sistema; presença nos relacionamentos de ações e atitudes que trazem ao sistema a necessidade de trabalho voltado para o comportamento de cooperação e trabalho em equipe; além da necessidade de uma reorganização voltada para o cumprimento dos processos de certificação por parte do elo compradores atacadistas e varejistas, assim como a conscientização dos consumidores finais para a exigência de controle de qualidade no momento da compra. / The reality of the organizations at present does so that the presented challenges are faced looking for the biggest efficiency for his solutions and the necessary adaptations appear for the constant changes so that the hamper are solved taking into account the whole breadth what to present. The Theory of the Complexity for his essence can give a vision more near the reality, helping in the search for the understanding of processes related of the systems of management. This approach can provide a bigger effectiveness in the actions of the organizations, being able to serve of support for the best understanding of the relationships and of the necessities of the actors so the internal as the external actors wrapped in the organizations. This work was fulfilled from the necessity of the understanding of how the relationships happen between the integrants of the productive chain of the apple for from that to propose mechanisms that could help in the improvement of the inter-relations. So, there was suggested the use of the approach of the tetralogic ring for help in the identification of the actions resulting from the implementation of the PIM in the productive chain of the apple in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. So that the objectives being reached it was carried out a theoretical revision around the pillars that support the study, productive chain, relationship and theory of the Complexity. Being based on the theoretical revision there was built proceedings for the collection and analysis of the data. The realization of the study case happened from interviews with specialists, integrant of the productive chain of the Brazilian apple. The analysis of the data provided shows up of results like: identification of the concepts of the tetralógic ring in the implementation of the Integrated Production of Apple; checking of the strategies that the productive chain of the apple uses how direction of the system; presence in the relationships of actions and attitudes that bring to the system the necessity of work turned to the behavior of cooperation and work in team; besides the necessity of a reorganization turned to the fulfillment of the processes of certification for part of the link wholesale and retail buyers, as well as the conscience of the final consumers for the demand of quality control at the moment of the purchase.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-09-26T10:04:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Solange Lopes Vinagre Costa.pdf: 2690657 bytes, checksum: 0193d72872cf3cad6d7f66587b851222 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T10:04:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Solange Lopes Vinagre Costa.pdf: 2690657 bytes, checksum: 0193d72872cf3cad6d7f66587b851222 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This is a qualitative research in the Applied Linguistics field which aims at describing and interpreting the phenomenon experiencing a complex online workshop, developed based on the complex educational design (FREIRE, 2013), as an extension to the English language classroom, from a students’ perspective. It also investigates how the use of the complex educational design as a guide to develop online English language teaching-learning activities can contribute to maintaining the participation of students, who usually show an interest in using digital technology tools to extend their classroom learning, but who often discontinue their use. Besides the complex educational design, this study is also theoretically grounded on complexity (MORIN, 2003, 2005, 2015a, 2015b, 2015c), which are the basis for the development of complex online workshops that reflect students’ reality, interests, needs, and expectations. The research is methodologically grounded on the complex hermeneutic-phenomenological approach (FREIRE, 2010, 2012, 2017), which articulates with the theoretical foundation used. The eight research participants were students from different face-to-face classrooms from the English language course of an educational institution in the city of São Paulo. Their English language proficiency level ranged from beginning of B1 to B1+ of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. The focal workshop was two weeks in length and was held asynchronously on the Google Classroom virtual environment. Three research instruments were used by students to textually record their perceptions of the phenomenon: a first week account, a final questionnaire, and a non-participation account. The texts generated by students’ responses to the instruments were interpreted following the complex hermeneutic-phenomenological approach procedures, which revealed the following themes: learning, development, time, difference, interaction, self-reflection, protagonism, and connection. Such themes depict the nature of the experience of the phenomenon under investigation / Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa na área de Linguística Aplicada que tem por objetivo descrever e interpretar o fenômeno vivência em oficina on-line complexa, desenvolvida com base no design educacional complexo (FREIRE, 2013), como extensão da sala de aula de inglês, na perspectiva dos alunos. Também investiga de que forma a utilização do design educacional complexo como linha norteadora para o desenvolvimento de atividades on-line para o ensino-aprendizagem da língua inglesa pode contribuir para a manutenção da participação dos alunos, que, muitas vezes, demonstram interesse em utilizar ferramentas de tecnologia digital como extensão de sua aprendizagem presencial, mas que geralmente descontinuam seu uso. Além do design educacional complexo, este estudo também se embasa teoricamente na complexidade (MORIN, 2003, 2005, 2015a, 2015b, 2015c), que fundamentam o desenvolvimento de oficinas on-line complexas que refletem a realidade, interesses, necessidades e expectativas dos alunos. A pesquisa tem o embasamento metodológico da abordagem hermenêutico-fenomenológica complexa (FREIRE, 2010, 2012, 2017), que se articula à fundamentação teórica utilizada. Os oito participantes da pesquisa eram alunos de turmas presenciais diferentes do curso de inglês de uma instituição de ensino na cidade de São Paulo. Seu nível de proficiência na língua inglesa variava de início de B1 a B1+ do Quadro Europeu Comum de Referência para Línguas. A oficina focal teve a duração de duas semanas e foi realizada de forma assíncrona no ambiente virtual Google Classroom. Foram utilizados três instrumentos para o registro textual pelos alunos de suas percepções a respeito do fenômeno: um relato da primeira semana, um questionário final e um relato de não participação. Os textos gerados pelas respostas aos instrumentos foram interpretados segundo os procedimentos da abordagem hermenêutico-fenomenológica complexa, revelando os seguintes temas: aprendizagem, desenvolvimento, tempo, diferença, interação, autorreflexão, protagonismo e conexão. Tais temas caracterizam a natureza da vivência do fenômeno investigado

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The focus in this thesis is on sensemaking in organisations and the aim was to offer an interpretation of the thought of Karl E. Weick. The interpretation subsequently consists of a description and discussion of concepts, underlying theories and paradigmatic perspectives that are integrated into and deployed in Weick's sensemaking framework. After a description and definition of sensemaking terms and concepts, it is argued that a process cosmology forms the ground theory in Weick's sensemaking framework. In order to elucidate this interpretation, the organic model of the world of Bergson and Whitehead is introduced. Special attention is given to pragmatism's underlying process ontology and themes which social consructionism, symbolic interactionism and ethnomethodology share in common with pragmatism. The aim is to show how these perspectives and themes are taken up in Weick's sensemaking in organisations and organisational theory. A failure to make sense is both consequential and existential. This aspect of Weick's thought is discussed in the context of Bergson's process cosmology. It is followed by a description and discussion of Weick's use of systems theory with special attention given to Weick's concept of 'enactment' . How and why does an organisation becomes what it becomes? This question is addressed in the context of a description and discussion of complexity theory. A core concept in both complexity theory and Weick's thought is self-organisation. The aim is to show how sense making appears on systems level. Finally, this thesis attempts to addresses the question of the relationship between organisation and organising and how both terms is to be understood in terms of Weick's ontological view of the world. This aim is to show that Weick's understanding of "the" organisation (noun) can be conceived of as an abstraction and organisation (verb - 'organising') in terms of relating and as process in becoming and how he thereby gives social construction an ontological twist. The conclusion reached is that, in the type of world Weick describes, it makes sense to make sense. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis fokus op 'sensemaking' in organisasies - om die dubbelsinnige, onduidelike en onverwagse meer duidelik, begryplik and redelik te maak vir persone om te weet wat besig is om te gebeur en gepaste aksies te neem. Die doel was derhalwe 'n interpretasie van die denke van Karl E. Weick. Die interpretasie omvat gevolglik 'n beskrywing en bespreking van konsepte, teorieë en paradigmatiese perspektiewe wat Weick in sy sensemaking raamwerk integreer en ontplooi. Ná 'n definiëring en beskrywing van terme en konsepte word geargumenteer dat 'n proses beskouing van die werklikheid Weick se sensemaking raamwerk onderlê. Hierdie interpretasie word toegelig met 'n bespreking en beskrywing van die organiese model van Bergson en Whitehead, sowel as die proses ontologie onderliggend aan pragmatisme. Gevolglik kom pragmatisme, sosiale konstruksionisme, simboliese interaksionisme en etnometodologie aan die orde. Verskeie temas word beskryf en bespreek in die konteks van sensemaking en organisasie-teorie. 'n Mislukking in sensemaking het newe gevolge en is dit ook eksistensieël van aard. Hierdie aspek van Weick se denke word beskryf en bespreek in die konteks van Bergson se proses kosmologie en word die interpretasie opgevolg met 'n bespreking van sisteem-teorie. Hoe en waarom verander organisasies wanneer hulle verander? Die antwoord op hierdie vraag kom aan die orde in die konteks van 'n bespreking van kompleksiteits-teorie. 'n Kern konsep in beide Weick se sensemaking en kompleksiteits-teorie is self-organisasie. 'n Baie belangrike doel is om aan te dui hoe sensemaking voorkom en plaasvind op sisteem-vlak. Ten slotte poog die tesis om die verband tussen organisasie en organisering in Weick se denke meer verstaanbaar te maak. Die argument hier is dat Weick se verstaan van "die" organisasie (selfstandige naamwoord) as 'n abstraksie en organisasie (werkwoord) in terme van relasies en proses in wording geïnterpreteer kan word, en Weick sodoende 'n ontologiese kinkel in die verstaan van sosiale konstruksionisme teweeg bring. Die slotsom tot waartoe in hierdie studie gekom word is dat, in die wêreld wat Weick beskryf, maak dit 'sense' om 'sense' te maak.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The advent of the computer age has seen many fundamental changes in the economics. The ease with which organisations can store and transmit information in unprecedented quantities and speeds has changed the face of the economy as well as the way in which organisations conduct their day to day operations. Information has become the primary resource for organisational competitiveness and this has seen an increasing drive for efficient information generation and management in an economy that is interconnected on a global scale. The demand for better information management practices is driven by the realisation that the global economy is susceptible to sudden and unpredictable changes that can potentially have global consequences. The more information organisations have at their disposal, the better their chances are of remaining competitive and relevant in the global economy. The informational economy confronts organisations with two very significant problems, the first is information overload due to the sheer volume of information that is available to them. The second problem is that despite the volume of available information organisations still are not privy to all the information that is required to lessen the impact of uncertainty that is so characteristic of the global economy. Organisations therefore always run the' risk of becoming irrelevant if they do not change constantly. This drive for continuous change and the dependence on information has led some organisational theorists and economists to compare the global economy and organisations to nonlinear systems found in nature. Examples of nonlinear systems are living organisms, ecologies and solar systems. All of these systems are characterised by high levels of interconnectedness and interdependence among individual units within a shared environment, which they co-create. Nonlinear systems are of particular interest to organisational theorists because these systems process information about the environment to adapt in an unpredictable way to unpredictable changes. Such systems are incredibly resilient because they are able to learn and adapt to different conditions. Another notable aspect of nonlinear systems is the clear structured and complex organisation that they exhibit in the absence of centralised control mechanisms. Every unit has the liberty to experiment with new designs and from the success of individual units an organised and stable system emerges with a strong link between the success of individuals and the whole system. The order that exists within nonlinear systems is known as self-organisation because it is not superimposed but emerges instead in a spontaneous manner. Nonlinear systems are therefore more than just the sum of their parts. The notion of nonlinear systems and self-organisation has seen authors such as Stacey, Wheatley and Senge develop new ideas about organisational development, leadership and organisational strategic thinking. Their ideas are based on what is popularly known as 'The New Science'. These ideas attempt to encourage organisations realise that the global economy functions as a nonlinear system and that organisations stand a better chance of success if they learn to understand the principles of nonlinear systems and to utilise the inherent creative and organising characteristics of such systems. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die aanvang van die rekenaar era het verskeie fundamentele veranderinge in ekonomie mee gebring. Die gemak en snelheid waarmee organisasies informasie kan stoor en versprei is ongekend en het terselfde tyd die voorkoms van die ekonomie verander asook die wyse waarop organisasies op 'n daaglikse basis funksioneer. Informasie het die belangrikste hulpbron geword vir organisasies in terme van kompetering en dit het 'n groter dryfkrag vir doeltreffende informasie ontginning en bestuur mee gebring in 'n ekonomie wat op 'n wereldwye skaal in mekaar gevleg is. Die aanvraag vir beter informasie bestuur praktyke word gedryf deur die wete dat die wereld ekonomie vatbaar is vir skielike en onvoorspelbare veranderinge wat potensieel 'n wereldwye impak kan he. Hoe meer informasie organisasies tot hul beskikking het hoe beter is hul kans om relevant en kompeterend te bly in die wereld ekonomie. Die informasie ekonomie konfronteer organisasies met twee fundamentele probleme. Die eerste gevaar is dat organisasies oorlaai kan word met informasie as gevolg van die absolute volume van beskikbare informasie. Die tweede probleem spruit voort uit die feit dat ten spyte van die beskikbare informasie, lei organisasies steeds aan 'n gebrek aan algehele informasie, organisasies kan dus nooit toegang he tot al die informasie wat benodig word om die impak te verminder van die onsekerheid wat so kenmerkend is van die wereld ekonomie. Organisasies loop dus altyd die gevaar om irrelevant te raak as hulle nie konstant aanpas by nuwe omstandighede nie. Hierdie soeke na konstante verandering en die afhanklikheid op informasie het verskeie organisasie teoretici en ekonome daartoe gelei om 'n vergelyking te tref tussen die wereld ekonomie en organisasies aan die een kant en nie-Iiniere sisteme wat in die natuur voorkom. Voorbeelde van sulke sisteme sluit lewende organismes, ekostelsels en sterre stelsels in. Die komponente van al hierdie sisteme is op 'n komplekse wyse inmekaar geweef en interafhanklik op mekaar binne die raamwerk van gemeenskaplike omgewing waarvoor hierdie komponente mede verantwoordelik is. Nie-liniere sisteme is van besondere belang vir organisasie teoretici omdat die betrokke sisteme informasie verwerk aangaande hul omgewing om op 'n onvoorspelbare wyse aan te pas by onvoorspelbare veranderinge in die omgewing. Sulke sisteme is uitsonderlik standvastig deurdat hulle kan leer en aanpas by verskillende omstandighede. Nog 'n merkbare aspek van sulke sisteme is die duidelik gestruktureerde en komplekse organisasie wat bestaan ten spyte van 'n algehele gebrek aan gesentraliseerde beheer meganismes. Elke komponent is vry om met 'n nuwe ontwerp te eksperimenteer en vanuit die sukses van die komponente spruit die sukses van die sisteem. Die organisasie wat sigbaar is in nie-liniere sisteme staan bekend as self-organisasie omdat dit nie voortspruit uit 'n sentrale beheer meganisme nie maar instede spontaan onstaan as 'n gevolg van die aksies van komponente. Nie-Iiniere sisteme het die potensiaal om meer te kan wees as die somtotaal van hul komponente. Die beginsel van nie-liniere sisteme en selforganisasie het skrywers soos Stacey, Wheatley en Senge daartoe gelei om nuwe idees te ontwikkel rakende organisasie ontwikkeling, leierskap en strategiese beplanning in organisasies. Hierdie idees is gegrond in wat algemeen bekend staan as 'The New Science'. Die idees van hierdie skrywers is gemik daarop om organisasies aan te moedig om raak te sien dat die wereld ekonomie soos 'n nie-liniere sisteem funksioneer en dat organisasies as sulks 'n beter kans staan om sukses te behaal as hulle sou leer om die beginsels van nie-liniere sisteme te begryp en die inherente kreatiewe en organiserings eienskappe van sulke sisteme uit te buit.