Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MaisaAS.pdf: 2002111 bytes, checksum: 3639909687907c825b2fac2980223c4c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-23 / Prospective descriptive study with quantitative approach, which aimed to analyze the relationship of the knowledge of Nurses and conduct assistance during the process of transfusion, to patients in the ICU of a university hospital in Natal-RN. The sample consisted of 27 professionals from the nursing staff (5 nurses and 22 nursing technicians), climbing in the ICU during the period of data collection. Data collection was through a questionnaire and structured form of observation, in addition to consulting the diary. The results were organized in SPSS 15.0, tabulated, cathegorized and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show a young population, aged between 21 and 32 years (63.0%), female (85.2%). Among those surveyed were the main type of stock, mostly technical, nursing (ρ= 0006), which have little time to experience - up to 2 years (ρ= 0008), did not know the DRC in 153 (ρ= 0019), held greater number of pipelines care in blood (ρ= 0018), the non-participation in training and feel informed about the process of transfusion, showed no significant differences. As for officials, highlighted only the time to experience more than 2 years, carrying out fewer procedures and feel informed about the blood. As for the pipes during the transfusion process, I found that the majority of pipes observed in both the stock and the staff were inadequate, with predominance in the first, both in the pursuit of conduct regarding the shortfall. The averages of inappropriate conduct, predominantly developed by stock, were higher in all stages for appropriate conduct. Analyzing the knowledge about the disease process, the stock market were those who had lower scores of knowledge in three stages. As the relationship between the pipes care and knowledge, we see that at all stages of the process of transfusion inadequate knowledge of the averages were higher, taking a significant difference in the stages pre-transfusion (ρ= 0012). When analyzing the average of pipes behind, we see that in inappropriate conduct were significantly higher (ρ= 0031), who had searched in inadequate knowledge. As for the frequency of total procedures performed, we found a significant predominance (ρ= 0049) of inappropriate conduct (88.9%) of which 81.5% were developed by professionals who had inadequate knowledge, showing moderate correlation (r = 0,516) and odds ratio of 2,750 times the development of inappropriate conduct in trade with inadequate knowledge. We conclude that the professionals surveyed, especially the technicians of nursing stock, showed serious deficiencies with regard to the development of pipelines and knowledge of the transfusion process, showing the inadequacy to develop this therapy. Facing the foregoing, we accept the alternative hypothesis proposed in the study, because we show that the inadequacy of knowledge about the process of transfusion influence in inappropriate conduct implemented by the nursing staff in ICU. / Estudo descritivo prospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, que objetivou analisar a rela??o entre o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem e as condutas assistenciais prestadas, durante o processo transfusional, aos pacientes na UTI de um hospital universit?rio em Natal-RN. A amostra foi composta por 27 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem (5 enfermeiros e 22 t?cnicos de enfermagem), escalados para a UTI durante o per?odo da coleta de dados, coleta esta realizada por meio de question?rio e formul?rio de observa??o estruturados, al?m da consulta ao prontu?rio. Esses resultados foram organizados no programa SPSS 15.0, tabulados, categorizados e analisados por meio de estat?stica descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados mostram uma popula??o jovem, na faixa et?ria entre 21 e 32 anos (63,0%), do sexo feminino (85,2%). Dentre os pesquisados houve predomin?ncia de bolsistas, em sua maioria t?cnicos de enfermagem (ρ= 0,006), os quais possuem pouco tempo de experi?ncia, at? 2 anos (ρ= 0,008), n?o conhecem a RDC no 153 (ρ= 0,019), realizaram o maior n?mero de condutas assistenciais na hemotransfus?o (ρ= 0,018), a n?o participa??o de treinamentos e a falta de informa??o sobre o processo transfusional n?o resultaram em diferen?as significativas. Quanto aos funcion?rios, destacaram-se apenas o tempo de experi?ncia superior a 2 anos, a realiza??o de menor n?mero de procedimentos e se sentirem informados sobre a hemotransfus?o. Em rela??o ?s condutas durante o processo transfusional, constatamos que, na maioria, as condutas observadas, tanto dos bolsistas como dos funcion?rios foram inadequados, com predomin?ncia nos primeiros, tanto na realiza??o das condutas quanto na inadequa??o. As m?dias das condutas inadequadas, predominantemente desenvolvidas pelos bolsistas, foram maiores em todas as etapas em rela??o ?s condutas adequadas. Analisando o conhecimento sobre o processo transfusional, os bolsistas foram os que apresentaram os menores escores de conhecimento nas tr?s etapas. Quanto ? rela??o existente entre as condutas assistenciais e o conhecimento, verificamos que em todas as etapas do processo transfusional as m?dias de conhecimentos inadequados foram superiores, tendo diferen?a significativa nas etapas pr?-transfusional (ρ= 0,012). Ao analisarmos a m?dia de condutas desenvolvidas, verificamos que nas condutas inadequadas foram significativamente maiores (ρ= 0,031) nos pesquisados que apresentaram conhecimentos inadequados. Quanto ? frequ?ncia total de procedimentos realizados, verificamos uma predomin?ncia significativa (ρ= 0,049) de condutas inadequadas (88,9%), das quais 81,5% foram desenvolvidas por profissionais que tiveram conhecimento inadequado, apresentando moderada correla??o (r = 0,516) e raz?o de chance de 2,750 vezes de desenvolvimento de condutas inadequadas nos profissionais com conhecimentos inadequados. Conclu?mos que os profissionais pesquisados, principalmente os t?cnicos de enfermagem bolsistas, apresentaram defici?ncias graves no tocante ao desenvolvimento das condutas e conhecimento sobre o processo transfusional, denotando a inadequa??o para desenvolver essa terap?utica. Diante do exposto, aceitamos a hip?tese alternativa proposta no estudo, pois evidenciamos que a adequa??o do conhecimento sobre o processo transfusional influenciou nas condutas adequadas implementadas pela equipe de enfermagem na UTI.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-20T20:57:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlessandraMendesPachecoGuerraVale_TESE.pdf: 6083940 bytes, checksum: 50490507cf0394240eea06786d58ff08 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-21T19:07:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlessandraMendesPachecoGuerraVale_TESE.pdf: 6083940 bytes, checksum: 50490507cf0394240eea06786d58ff08 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-21T19:07:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlessandraMendesPachecoGuerraVale_TESE.pdf: 6083940 bytes, checksum: 50490507cf0394240eea06786d58ff08 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-26 / A detec??o autom?tica de componentes sangu?neos em imagens microsc?picas ? um importante t?pico da ?rea hematol?gica. A segmenta??o permite que os componentes sangu?neos sejam agrupados em ?reas comuns e a classifica??o diferencial dos leuc?citos possibilita que os mesmos sejam analisados separadamente. Com a segmenta??o autom?tica e classifica??o diferencial, contribui-se no processo de an?lise dos componentes sangu?neos, fornecendo ferramentas que propiciem a diminui??o do trabalho manual e o aumento da sua precis?o e efici?ncia. Utilizando t?cnicas de processamento digital de imagens associadas a uma abordagem fuzzy gen?rica e autom?tica, este trabalho apresenta dois Sistemas de Infer?ncia Fuzzy, definidos como I e II, para a segmenta??o autom?tica de componentes sangu?neos e classifica??o diferencial de leuc?citos, respectivamente, em imagens microsc?picas de esfrega?os. Utilizando o Sistema de Infer?ncia Fuzzy I, a t?cnica desenvolvida realiza a segmenta??o da imagem em quatro regi?es: n?cleo e citoplasma leucocit?rios, eritr?citos e ?rea de plasma e utilizando o Sistema de Infer?ncia Fuzzy II e os leuc?citos segmentados (n?cleo e citoplasma leucocit?rios), os classifica diferencialmente em cinco tipos: bas?filos, eosin?filos, linf?citos, mon?citos e neutr?filos. Foram utilizadas para testes 530 imagens contendo amostras microsc?picas de esfrega?os sangu?neos corados com m?todos variados. As imagens foram processadas e seus ?ndices de Acur?cia e Gold Standards foram calculados e comparados com os resultados manuais e com outros resultados encontrados na literatura para os mesmos problemas. Quanto ? segmenta??o, a t?cnica desenvolvida demonstrou percentuais de acur?cia de 97,31% para leuc?citos, 95,39% para eritr?citos e 95,06% para plasma sangu?neo. Quanto ? classifica??o diferencial, os percentuais variaram entre 92,98% e 98,39% para os diferentes tipos leucocit?rios. Al?m de promover a segmenta??o autom?tica e classifica??o diferencial, a t?cnica desenvolvida contribui ainda com defini??o de novos descritores e a constru??o de um banco de imagens utilizando diversos processos de colora??o hematol?gicos / Automatic detection of blood components is an important topic in the field of hematology. The segmentation is an important stage because it allows components to be grouped into common areas and processed separately and leukocyte differential classification enables them to be analyzed separately. With the auto-segmentation and differential classification, this work is contributing to the analysis process of blood components by providing tools that reduce the manual labor and increasing its accuracy and efficiency. Using techniques of digital image processing associated with a generic and automatic fuzzy approach, this work proposes two Fuzzy Inference Systems, defined as I and II, for autosegmentation of blood components and leukocyte differential classification, respectively, in microscopic images smears. Using the Fuzzy Inference System I, the proposed technique performs the segmentation of the image in four regions: the leukocyte?s nucleus and cytoplasm, erythrocyte and plasma area and using the Fuzzy Inference System II and the segmented leukocyte (nucleus and cytoplasm) classify them differentially in five types: basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils. Were used for testing 530 images containing microscopic samples of blood smears with different methods. The images were processed and its accuracy indices and Gold Standards were calculated and compared with the manual results and other results found at literature for the same problems. Regarding segmentation, a technique developed showed percentages of accuracy of 97.31% for leukocytes, 95.39% to erythrocytes and 95.06% for blood plasma. As for the differential classification, the percentage varied between 92.98% and 98.39% for the different leukocyte types. In addition to promoting auto-segmentation and differential classification, the proposed technique also contributes to the definition of new descriptors and the construction of an image database using various processes hematological staining