Tesis por compendio / [ES] El empuje actual de las normativas de emisiones y una conciencia social cada vez más crítica en este aspecto, ha llevado a la industria automotriz a elevar sus estándares en eficiencia a cimas nunca antes vistas. Con el mayor peso de las nuevas normativas puesto sobre los vehículos Diesel, la presión ejercida sobre esta tecnología es, si cabe, aún más crítica. Dada la necesidad de mantener este tipo de plantas propulsivas en determinadas aplicaciones, como son el transporte terrestre pesado, maquinaria o en el transporte marítimo, es también necesario mantener su desarrollo. Como parte fundamental de los motores Diesel, el sistema de inyección interviene directamente en la generación de la energía. La mejora y optimización de su funcionamiento repercute sobre la cadena de eficiencias del sistema. Esta tesis pretende contribuir al desarrollo de las plantas propulsivas Diesel en este aspecto y, concretamente, en el estudio de las geometrías de toberas Diesel de inyección directa. A lo largo del texto, este tipo de geometrías son estudiadas tanto desde la perspectiva del flujo interno como del flujo externo. Los estudios combinan modelos numéricos Eulerianos (para flujo interno o interno-externo acoplado), modelos Lagrangianos discretos (para el estudio del chorro), junto con medidas experimentales diversas que avalan los análisis ejecutados. La exploración de las geometrías propuestas no queda acotada solamente a formas circulares, más convencionales, sino que también se ha extendido a toberas de morfologías más innovadoras como son las elípticas. Las metodologías presentadas demuestran ser eficaces en el estudio de estos sistemas y una herramienta a tener en cuenta en la mejora de su diseño. Los distintos resultados obtenidos defienden, además, como la geometría de la tobera es un condicionante del desarrollo posterior de la mezcla y puede ser utilizada como elemento de optimización de la misma. / [CA] L'actual impuls de les normatives d'emissions i una consciència social cada vegada més crítica en aquest aspecte ha portat a la indústria automobilística a elevar els seus estàndards d'eficiència a cotes mai vistes abans. Amb el major pes de les noves normatives imposades als vehicles dièsel, la pressió exercida sobre aquesta tecnologia és, si cap, encara més crítica. Donada la necessitat de mantenir aquest tipus de plantes propulsives en determinades aplicacions, com el transport terrestre pesat, maquinària o el transport marítim, és també necessari mantenir el seu desenvolupament. Com a part fonamental dels motors dièsel, el sistema d'injecció intervé directament en la generació d'energia. La millora i optimització del seu funcionament repercuteix en la cadena d'eficiències del sistema. Aquesta tesi pretén contribuir al desenvolupament de les plantes propulsives dièsel en aquest aspecte i, concretament, en l'estudi de les geometries de bussons dièsel d'injecció directa. Al llarg del text, aquest tipus de geometries són estudiades tant des de la perspectiva del flux intern com del flux extern. Els estudis combinen models numèrics Eulerians (per a flux intern o intern-extern acoblat), models Lagrangians discrets (per a l'estudi del corrent), juntament amb mesures experimentals diverses que avalen els anàlisis realitzats. L'exploració de les geometries proposades no queda acotada només a formes circulars, més convencionals, sinó que també s'ha estès a bussons de morfologies més innovadores com les el·líptiques. Les metodologies presentades demostren ser eficaces en l'estudi d'aquests sistemes i una eina a tenir en compte en la millora del seu disseny. Els diferents resultats obtinguts també argumenten que la geometria del busó és un condicionant del desenvolupament posterior de la barreja i pot ser utilitzada com a element d'optimització de la mateixa. / [EN] The current push for emissions regulations and an increasingly critical social awareness in this regard has led the automotive industry to raise its efficiency standards to unprecedented heights. With greater emphasis on new regulations placed on Diesel vehicles, the pressure on this technology is even more critical. Given the need to maintain such propulsion systems in specific applications like heavy land transport, machinery, or maritime transportation, it is also necessary to continue their development. As a fundamental part of Diesel engines, the injection system directly affects energy generation. Improving and optimizing its operation has an impact on the overall efficiency of the system. This thesis aims to contribute to the development of Diesel propulsion systems in this regard, specifically in the study of direct injection Diesel nozzle geometries. Throughout the text, these types of geometries are examined from both internal and external flow perspectives. The studies combine Eulerian numerical models (for internal or coupled internal-external flow), discrete Lagrangian models (for jet analysis), along with various experimental measurements that support the conducted analyses. The exploration of proposed geometries is not limited to conventional circular shapes but has also extended to more innovative morphologies such as elliptical nozzles. The presented methodologies prove to be effective in studying these systems and serve as a valuable tool in improving their design. The different results obtained also argue that nozzle geometry is a determining factor in the subsequent mixture development and can be used as an optimization element for it. / Las investigaciones de esta tesis han sido respaldadas por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades el Gobierno de España y mis estudios de doctorado han sido financiados por la Agencia Estatal de Investigación del gobierno de España y el Fondo Social Europeo. Dichas ayudas se concretaron dentro del marco del proyecto "Desarrollo de modelos de combustión y emisiones HPC para el análisis de plantas propulsivas de transporte sostenibles" (TRA2017-89139-C2-1-R) a través del "Subprograma Estatal de Formación del Programa Estatal de Promoción del Talento y su Empleabilidad en I+D+i". / Martínez-Miracle Muñoz, EC. (2024). Estudio sobre el impacto de la geometría de toberas diesel en el desarrollo del chorro, la formación de la mezcla y la combustión [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/203126 / Compendio

<p dir="ltr">This thesis examined the effect of variations in the geometry of the juncture of a cylinder at a flat plate. The effect on the pressure and skin friction on the face and surroundings were examined. When compared to the experimental data obtained under similar conditions, the computational cases had a slightly higher pressure, with a qualitatively similar profile. Four cases were considered: a simple baseline configuration, a pedestal, a gap, and a fairing. The results of the pedestal case displayed this behavior to an extreme, exaggerating all the jumps and dips in the experiment. The RMS pressure was examined to investigate the shock foot locations and again the experiment and computation matched very closely. When looking at the flow visualizations and spectra, the gap case showed a larger concentration of skin friction magnitude at the base as well as the highest intensity of the low frequencies at separation and reattachment, as well as an observed higher frequency activity like Liu observed in his computations. For the new fairing case that was introduced, very similar properties to the pedestal case were observed when looking at the pressure, skin friction, and even spectra, but the flow visualization in the wake showed that it was much closer in structure to the baseline case. The small differences between the computational and experimental data could be attributed to the turbulence model used as well as the uncertainty in the pressure sensitive paint technique used in the experiments. In this thesis it was found that the gap case had higher fluctuations and skin friction, the new fairing case was very similar to the pedestal and baseline case, and the experimental data matched well for most of the computations.</p>

This thesis includes a numerical comparison of different turbulence models and particle models in terms of convergence time and physical accuracy. A cyclone is used as the computational domain. Cyclones are common devices for separating two or more substances. The work is divided into an experimental part and a numerical part. In the experiments, characteristics of the cyclone were measured. This data is then used to evaluate different numerical modeling approaches. The numerical part consists of two parts, namely single phase flow and multiphase flow, where different modeling aspects are examined and presented. Furthermore, important parameters that characterize a cyclone, such as pressure drop and separation efficiency, are calculated. The separation efficiency, i.e. how much dust that actually goes to the dust bin, is calculated for two different types of dust. The software used for the numerical simulations has been Star-CCM+.

While the gas turbine research community is continuously pursuing development of higher cyclic efficiency designs by increasing the combustor firing temperatures and thermally resistant turbine vane / blade materials, a simultaneous effort to reduce the emission levels of high temperature driven thermal NOX also needs to be addressed. Lean premixed combustion has been found as one of the solutions to these objectives. However, since less amount of air is available for backside cooling of liner walls, it becomes very important to characterize the convective heat transfer that occurs on the inside wall of the combustor liners. These studies were explored using laboratory scale experiments as well as numerical approaches for several inlet flow conditions under both non-reacting and reacting flows. These studies may be expected to provide valuable insights for the industrial design communities towards identifying thermal hot spot locations as well as in quantifying the heat transfer magnitude, thus aiding in effective designs of the liner walls. Lean premixed gas turbine combustor flows involve strongly coupled interactions between several aspects of physics such as the degree of swirl imparted by the inlet fuel nozzle, premixing of the fuel and incoming air, lean premixed combustion within the combustor domain, the interaction of swirling flow with combustion driven heat release resulting in flow dilation, the resulting pressure fluctuations leading to thermo-acoustic instabilities there by creating a feedback loop with incoming reactants resulting in flow instabilities leading to flame lift off, flame extinction etc. Hence understanding combustion driven swirling flow in combustors continues to be a topic of intense research. In the present study, numerical predictions of swirl driven combustor flows were analyzed for a specific swirl number of an industrial fuel nozzle (swirler) using a commercial computational fluid dynamics tool and compared against in-house experimental data. The latter data was obtained from a newly developed test rig at Applied Propulsion and Power Laboratory (APPL) at Virginia Tech. The simulations were performed and investigated for several flow Reynolds numbers under non-reacting condition using various two equation turbulence models as well as a scale resolving model. The work was also extended to reacting flow modeling (using a partially premixed model) for a specific Reynolds number. These efforts were carried out in order investigate the flow behavior and also characterize convective heat transfer along the combustor wall (liner). Additionally, several parametric studies were performed towards investigating the effect of combustor geometry on swirling flow and liner hear transfer; and also to investigate the effect of inlet swirl on the jet impingement location along the liner wall under both non-reacting as well as reacting conditions. The numerical results show detailed comparison against experiments for swirling flow profiles within the combustor under reacting conditions indicating a good reliability of steady state modeling approaches for reacting conditions; however, the limitations of steady state RANS turbulence models were observed for non-reacting swirling flow conditions, where the flow profiles deviate from experimental observations in the central recirculation region. Also, the numerical comparison of liner wall heat transfer characteristics against experiments showed a sensitivity to Reynolds numbers. These studies offer to provide preliminary insights of RANS predictions based on commercial CFD tools in predicting swirling, non-reacting and reacting flow and heat transfer. They can be extended to reacting flow heat transfer studies in future and also may be upgraded to unsteady LES predictions to complement future experimental observations conducted at the in-house test facility. / Ph. D.

An accurate measurement of total temperature in turbomachinery flows remains critical for component life models and cycle performance optimization. While many techniques exist to measure these flows, immersed thermocouple based probes remain highly desirable due to well established practices for probe design and implementation in typical industrial flow applications. However, as engine manufacturers continue to push towards higher maximum cycle temperatures and smaller flow passages, the continued use of these probes requires new probe designs considering both improved sensor durability and measurement accuracy. Increased maximum temperatures introduce many challenges for total temperature measurements using conventional immersed probes, including increased influences of conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer between the sensor, fluid and the surroundings due to large thermal gradients present in real turbomachinery systems. While these effects have been previously investigated, the available design models are very limited to specific geometries and flow conditions. In this Dissertation, a more fundamental understanding of the flow behavior around typical vented shield style total temperature probes as a function of probe geometry and operating condition is gained using results from high-fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations with Conjugate Heat Transfer. A parametric study was conducted considering three non-dimensional probe geometric ratios (vent location to shield length (0.029-0.806), sensor diameter to shield inner diameter (0.252-0.672), and shield outer diameter to strut/mount thickness (0.245-0.759)) and three operating conditions (total temperature (70, 850, 2500°F) and pressure (1, 1, 10 atm), respectively) at a moderate Mach number of 0.4. Results were further quantified in the form of new empirical correlations necessary for rapid thermal performance evaluations of current and future probe designs. Additionally, a new mixed-fidelity or Reduced Order Modeling technique was developed which allows the coupling of high fidelity surface heat transfer data from CFD with a generalized form of the 1-D conducting solid equations for evaluating radiation and transient influences on sensor performance. These new flow and heat transfer correlations together with the new Reduced Order Modeling technique developed here greatly enhance the capabilities of designers to evaluate performance of current and future probe designs, with higher accuracy and with significant reductions in computational resources. / Doctor of Philosophy / An accurate measurement of total temperature in turbomachinery flows remains critical for component life models and cycle performance optimization. While many techniques exist to measure these flows, immersed thermocouple based probes remain highly desirable due to well established practices for probe design and implementation in typical industrial flow applications. However, as engine manufacturers continue to push towards higher maximum cycle temperatures and smaller flow passages, the continued use of these probes requires new probe designs considering both improved sensor durability and measurement accuracy. Increased maximum temperatures introduce many challenges for total temperature measurements using conventional immersed probes, including increased influences of conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer between the sensor, fluid and the surroundings due to large thermal gradients present in real turbomachinery systems. While these effects have been thoroughly described and quantified in the past, the available design models are very limited to specific geometries and flow conditions. In this Dissertation, a more fundamental understanding of the flow behavior around typical vented shield style total temperature probes as a function of probe geometry and operating condition is gained using results from high-fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations with Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT) capabilities. Results were further quantified in the form of new empirical correlations necessary for rapid thermal performance evaluations of current and future probe designs. Additionally, a new mixed-fidelity or Reduced Order Modeling (ROM) technique was developed which allows the coupling of high fidelity surface heat transfer data from CFD with a generalized form of the 1-D conducting solid equations for readily predicting the impact of radiation environment and transient errors on sensor performance.

With the growing need to meet aggressive emissions targets in the aerospace industry in the coming decades, the electrification of propulsion systems has become an area of great research and commercial interest. In order to achieve full electrification of larger commercial aircraft, it is critical to improve power and energy densities of components within the propulsion system. The power densities of electric motors are steadily rising to meet this requirement. Among the various motor designs available, the high-speed radial flux permanent magnet motor is presented as an architecture capable of achieving high efficiencies and power densities. Increasing power densities, however, poses challenges for the thermal management system as higher losses need to be dissipated from a relatively small machine package. One of the failure modes specific to permanent magnet motors is the demagnetization of the magnets in the rotor at higher temperatures which leads to a loss in performance. Therefore it is critical that the thermal management system of the rotor must effectively dissipate the losses generated in the magnets and other components within the rotor. This thesis discusses the mechanical and thermal design of a 150 kW high-speed radial flux surface mounted permanent magnet motor for aerospace propulsion applications. The thesis first introduces the current landscape of aerospace electrification, focusing specifically on electric and hybrid propulsion architectures, currently available electric motors for aerospace propulsion, and ongoing aircraft electrification projects. A review is then provided of the current state-of-the-art in rotor cooling designs for high-speed speed radial flux motors for traction applications before introducing the design of the motor proposed in this thesis. The discussion of the mechanical design provides a high level overview of the design, manufacturing, and assembly of the stator and rotating assemblies while the thermal design provides a brief overview of the stator cooling design and a deep dive on the rotor cooling design. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used along with the Taguchi method for robust design to optimize the rotor cooling design for minimizing the magnet temperatures. Analysis for the optimized rotor cooling discussed is provided before providing recommendations for future work. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

According to the United Nations, 55% of the world's population currently lives in urban areas and which is projected to increase to 67% by 2050. Thus, it is imperative that effective strategies are developed to mitigate urban pollution. Complementing field experiments, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses are becoming an effective strategy for identifying critical factors that influence urban pollution and its mitigation. This thesis focuses on two scales of the urban micro-climate environment: (i) evaluation of LES simulations with a simplified grid for modeling pollution dispersion in a street canyon and (ii) investigation of the effects of leaf surface micro-characteristics, wind speed, and particle sizes on the dry deposition of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The first of these studies focuses on reproducing the pollution dispersion in a street canyon measured in a wind tunnel at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany. A simplified grid with the Large Eddy Simulations (LES) approach for canyon ratio W/H = 1 is proposed with the goal to reduce the computational cost by eliminating the need to model the entire canyon while striving to preserve the mixing induced by individual jets used to model vehicle emission in the experiment. LES is also capable of providing transient flow field and pollution concentration data not available with widely-used steady approaches such as RANS. The time-dependent information is crucial for pollution mitigation since pedestrians are usually exposed to pollution on a short-time basis. The predictions are in satisfactory agreement with the experiment for W/H = 1, yielding the Pearson correlation coefficient R = 0.81, with better performance near the leeward wall. Due to the small span modeled, three-dimensional instabilities fail to develop which could probably explain the overprediction of pollution concentration near ground level. However, other LES investigations where the full canyon was modeled also observed over-predictions. The use of a discrete emission source was not observed to provide benefits. The current model could be further improved by using a larger spanwise domain with a continuous line source to allow large wavelength instabilities to develop and increase turbulent diffusion. The second part of this thesis investigates the impact of trichome morphology and wind speed on the deposition of 0.3 μm and 1.0 μm particles on leaves. Using the one-way coupling approach to predict the fluid-particle interactions with the assumption that all particles that impact the leaf or trichome surface deposit, trichomes of 5 μm and 20 μm in diameter are modeled as equally spaced and uniform cylinders on an infinitely large plane. The results show that trichome diameter, density, and wind speed have a favorable impact on deposition velocity. Comparing to the smooth leaf, the presence of the thicker 20 μm hairs increases the deposition velocity by 1.5 – 4 times, whereas, the presence of short 5um trichomes reduces the deposition by 15 - 45%. Increasing trichome height from H/D = 20 to 30 shows benefits for the thinner trichomes but lowers the deposition for the densely packed thicker trichomes. Less aerosol deposition is also observed when the particle diameter increases from 0.3 μm to 1.0 μm. Due to the non-uniform contributions of these various traits, a non-dimensional ratio Rhp is proposed to model the aerosol deposition on leaf surface at wind speed of 1 m/s which yields a satisfactory linear correlation coefficient of 0.89 for 0 < R_hp < 0.3. Comparing to other published field and wind tunnel experiments conducted on a much larger scale, the deposition velocities predicted are at the lower end (U_dep^* = 0.002 to 0.012 cm/s) because of the idealized conditions. Nonetheless, the results still offer valuable insight into the effects of trichome morphology on pollutant deposition in isolation from other macro-factors. / Master of Science / According to the United Nations, 55% of the world’s population currently lives in urban areas and which is projected to increase to 67% by 2050. Thus, it is imperative that effective strategies are developed to mitigate urban pollution. Complementing field experiments, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses are becoming an effective strategy for identifying critical factors that influence urban pollution and its mitigation. This thesis focuses on two scales of the urban micro-climate environment: (i) evaluation of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) with a simplified method for modeling pollution dispersion in a street canyon and (ii) investigation of the effects of leaf surface micro-characteristics, wind speed, and particle sizes on the dry deposition of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The first of these studies focuses on reproducing the pollution dispersion in a street canyon measured in a wind tunnel at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany. A simplified grid with the LES approach for canyon ratio W/H = 1 is proposed. The goal of this study is to reduce the computational cost by modelling the canyon with a very thin span instead of the entire canyon while providing time-dependent information which is crucial for pollution mitigation since pedestrians are usually exposed to pollution on a short-time basis. The predictions are in satisfactory agreement with the experiment for W/H = 1 with better performance near the leeward wall (i.e. the left wall) and overprediction of pollution concentration near ground level – as observed by other LES investigations. The current model could be further improved by using a larger spanwise domain with a continuous line source to allow instabilities to develop, thus improve prediction accuracy. The second part of this thesis investigates the impact of trichome (i.e. a hair or an outgrowth from leaf surface) morphology and wind speed on the deposition of 0.3 mm and 1.0 mm particles on leaves. The results show that trichome diameter, density, and wind speed have a favorable impact on deposition velocity. Less aerosol deposition is also observed when the particle diameter increases from 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm. No clear effects is observed by altering the trichome height. Due to the non-uniform contributions of these various traits, a non-dimensional ratio D∗ �D∗ �2 Rhp = hair hair is proposed to model the aerosol deposition on leaf surface at wind speed of D∗ H∗ S∗ p hair hair 1 m/s which yields a satisfactory linear correlation coefficient of 0.89 for 0 < Rhp < 0.3. This ratio includes trichome diameter (D∗ ), height (H∗ ), spacing (S∗ ) as well as the ratio of hair hair hair trichome diameter to particle diameter (D∗ /D∗ ). The results offer valuable insight into the hair p effects of trichome morphology on pollutant deposition in isolation from other macro-factors.

Dense fluid-particulate systems are widely encountered in the pharmaceutical, energy, environmental and chemical processing industries. Prediction of the heat transfer characteristics of these systems is challenging. Use of a high fidelity Discrete Element Method (DEM) for particle scale simulations coupled to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) requires large simulation times and limits application to small particulate systems.  The overall goal of this research is to develop and implement parallelization techniques which can be applied to large systems with O(105- 106) particles to investigate particle scale heat transfer in rotary kiln and fluidized bed environments. The strongly coupled CFD and DEM calculations are parallelized using the OpenMP paradigm which provides the flexibility needed for the multimodal parallelism encountered in fluid-particulate systems. The fluid calculation is parallelized using domain decomposition, whereas N-body decomposition is used for DEM. It is shown that OpenMP-CFD with the first touch policy, appropriate thread affinity and careful tuning scales as well as MPI up to 256 processors on a shared memory SGI Altix. To implement DEM in the OpenMP framework, ghost particle transfers between grid blocks, which consume a substantial amount of time in DEM, are eliminated by a suitable global mapping of the multi-block data structure. The global mapping together with enforcing perfect particle load balance across OpenMP threads results in computational times between 2-5 times faster than an equivalent MPI implementation. Heat transfer studies are conducted in a rotary kiln as well as in a fluidized bed equipped with a single horizontal tube heat exchanger. Two cases, one with mono-disperse 2 mm particles rotating at 20 RPM and another with a poly-disperse distribution ranging from 1-2.8 mm and rotating at 1 RPM are investigated. It is shown that heat transfer to the mono-disperse 2 mm particles is dominated by convective heat transfer from the thermal boundary layer that forms on the heated surface of the kiln. In the second case, during the first 24 seconds, the heat transfer to the particles is dominated by conduction to the larger particles that settle at the bottom of the kiln. The results compare reasonably well with experiments. In the fluidized bed, the highly energetic transitional flow and thermal field in the vicinity of the tube surface and the limits placed on the grid size by the volume-averaged nature of the governing equations result in gross under prediction of the heat transfer coefficient at the tube surface. It is shown that the inclusion of a subgrid stress model and the application of a LES wall function (WMLES) at the tube surface improves the prediction to within ± 20% of the experimental measurements. / Ph. D.

Steam turbines are widely used in various industrial applications, primarily for power extraction. However, deviation for operating design conditions is a frequent occurrence for such machines, and therefore, understanding their performance at off design conditions is critical to ensure that the needs of the power demanding systems are met as well as ensuring safe operation of the steam turbines. In this thesis, the aerodynamic performance of three different turbine airfoil sections ( baseline, mid radius and tip profile) as a function of angle of incidence and exit Mach numbers, is numerically computed at 0.3 axial chords downstream of the trailing edge. It was found that the average loss coefficient was low, owing to the fact that the flow over the airfoils was well behaved. The loss coefficient also showed a slight decrease with exit Mach number for all three profiles. The mid radius and tip profiles showed near identical performance due to similarity in their geometries. It was also found out that the baseline profile showed a trend of substantial increase in losses at positive incidences, due to the development of an adverse pressure zone on the blade suction side surface. The mid radius profile showed high insensitivity to angle of incidence as well as low exit flow angle deviation in comparison to the baseline blade. / Master of Science

This thesis presents a computational framework that models the coupled behavior between sand deposits and their surrounding fluid. Particle deposits that form in gas turbine engines and industrial burners, can change flow dynamics and heat transfer, leading to performance degradation and impacting durability. The proposed coupled framework allows insight into the coupled behavior of sand deposits at high temperatures with the flow, which has not been available previously. The coupling is done by using a CFD-DEM framework in which a physics based collision model is used to predict the post-collision state-of-the-sand-particle. The collision model is sensitive to temperature dependent material properties of sand. Particle deposition is determined by the particle's softening temperature and the calculated coefficient of restitution of the collision. The multiphase treatment facilitates conduction through the porous deposit and the coupling between the deposit and the fluid field. The coupled framework was first used to model the behavior of softened sand particles in a laminar impinging jet flow field. The temperature of the jet and the impact surface were varied(T^* = 1000 – 1600 K), to observe particle behavior under different temperature conditions. The Reynolds number(Rejet = 20, 75, 100) and particle Stokes numbers (Stp = 0.53, 0.85, 2.66, 3.19) were also varied to observe any effects the particles' responsiveness had on deposition and the flow field. The coupled framework was found to increase or decrease capture efficiency, when compared to an uncoupled simulation, by as much as 10% depending on the temperature field. Deposits that formed on the impact surface, using the coupled framework, altered the velocity field by as much as 130% but had a limited effect on the temperature field. Simulations were also done that looked at the formation of an equilibrium deposit when a cold jet impinged on a relatively hotter surface, under continuous particle injection. An equilibrium deposit was found to form as deposited particles created a heat barrier on the high temperature surface, limiting more particle deposition. However, due to the transient nature of the system, the deposit temperature increased once deposition was halted. Further particle injection was not performed, but it can be predicted that the formed deposit would begin to grow again. Additionally, a Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) simulation, with the inclusion of the Smagorinsky subgrid model, was performed to observe particle deposition in a turbulent flow field. Deposition of sand particles was observed as a turbulent jet (Re jet=23000,T_jet^*= 1200 K) impinged on a hotter surface(T_surf^*= 1600 K). Differences between the simulated flow field and relevant experiments were attributed to differing jet exit conditions and impact surface thermal conditions. The deposit was not substantive enough to have a significant effect on the flow field. With no difference in the flow field, no difference was found in the capture efficiency between the coupled and decoupled frameworks. / Master of Science