Darbe pirmiausia aprašoma EKG prasmė ir kompiuterinės analizės raida. Apžvelgiami pagrindiniai EKG kompiuterinės analizės uždaviniai – EKG įvedimas, saugojimas, parametrų nustatymas, klasifikacija ir interpretacija. Ištirta prieinama EKG analizės programinė įranga, kuri yra arba atviro kodo, arba komercinė (Demo versijos). Nustatyta, kad EKG analizės programinė įranga pagal paskirtį yra trijų tipų: EKG modeliavimo, mokymo ir analizės. Literatūros analizė parodė, kad atviros EKG kompiuterinės analizės programos yra daugiausia skirtos EKG mokymui. Išnagrinėtos EKG modeliavimo, mokymo ir analizės programinės įrangos aprašai pateikti lentelėse. Atlikti eksperimentai su realiais iš duomenų bazės atsisiųstais EKG įrašais. Eksperimentuose naudotos laisvai prieinamos Octave sistema sukurtos programos. Darbe sukurta vaizdinė vartotojo sąsaja, apjungianti šias programas, kuria demonstruojamas šių programų veikimas: EKG nuskaitymas, filtravimas ir parametrų nustatymas. / In this master work firstly is described the aim and development of ECG computer’s analysis. Also the main tasks of ECG computer’s analysis are analyzed including ECG input, saving, parameters’ detection, classification and interpretation. Besides available ECG analysis program is investigated which is an open source code or commercial (Demo version). ECG analysis software can be divided to the three types: ECG modeling, ECG learning and ECG analysis. The analysis given in the references showed that an open ECG software is mainly intended for ECG learning. All these investigated programs are described in the provided tables. The real ECG records from the data bases were taken and the experiments have been performed using the programs which were created by the Octave system. In this work the graphic interface was created which combined all these above mentioned programs. This graphic interface demonstrated the whole process of the program comprising getting ECG data, filtering and parameters detection.

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The thesis investigates the concepts of archaeological spatial association within the context of both site and regional data sets. The techniques of geophysical surveying, surface distribution collection and aerial photography are described and discussed. Several new developments of technique are presented as well as a detailed discussion of the problems of data presentation and analysis. The quantitative relationships between these data sets are explored by modelling them as operands and describing association in terms of operators. Both local and global measures of association are considered with a discussion as to their relative merits. Methods for the spatial association of regional lattice and point processes are developed. A detailed discussion of distance based spatial analysis techniques is presented.

Using Emsuch [6] as a base this reports tries to find a solution to the problems that arise when trying to find survivors in collapsed buildings following an earthquake. Emsuch is a system that allows an user to retrieve information from the Home unit inside a house after an earthquake. But the results of the previous study [6] showed that the previous Emsuch is not very useful in disasters such as earthquakes. This is due to several reasons that were overlooked in that study such as electricity consumption and connectivity. So this study aims to improve the system by designing software that enables the user to quickly check each household that uses an Emsuch system. By using a case study and interviewing members of the Japanese Ground Self-Defence Forces a requirements document was created. From these requirements the system was designed to fulfil them all and then partly implemented and tested. The current prototype of the system has some major parts working, with a few parts non-functional or unimplemented. / Den här rapporten använder Emsuch-systemet [6] för att försöka lösa de problem som uppstår när armén letar efter överlevare i husmassor efter jordbävningar i Japan. Med Emsuch kan räddningsarbetarna hämta information från husen de går förbi under letandet. Under en tidigare studie [6] där grunden till systemet utvecklades identifierades flera punkter som leder till problem i de förhållanden som råder i de räddningsaktionerna. De två största utmaningarna är bristen på el och att infrastrukturen för kommunikation ofta är nere. Den här rapporten avser att utforma och implementera en lösning som gör att användarna i armén kan ansluta sig till varje enhet i förbifarten. Med en fallstudie som inkluderar en intervju med Japans markbaserade försvarsstyrkor i Sapporo togs ett kravdokument fram. Detta kravdokument användes som grund för implementeringen av systemet. En prototyp togs fram och testades delvis. Resultatet av testerna visade att Emsuch har potential för att användas i räddningsarbeten, men att det är flera delar som behövs fixas för att klara av verkliga situationer.

The thesis investigates the concepts of archaeological spatial association within the context of both site and regional data sets. The techniques of geophysical surveying, surface distribution collection and aerial photography are described and discussed. Several new developments of technique are presented as well as a detailed discussion of the problems of data presentation and analysis. The quantitative relationships between these data sets are explored by modelling them as operands and describing association in terms of operators. Both local and global measures of association are considered with a discussion as to their relative merits. Methods for the spatial association of regional lattice and point processes are developed. A detailed discussion of distance based spatial analysis techniques is presented.

Den större ischiasskåran (incisura ischiadica major) är en inskärning i höftbenet som karakteriseras av morfologier, användbara för att estimera biologiskt kön. Slutsatser gjorda från okulära observationer kan variera beroende på utövare och därmed kan morfologiska metoder anses vara mindre tillförlitliga gentemot metriska metoder. Tillvägagångssättet för denna uppsats bestod av en jämförande studie mellan en metod som använder formanalys och en som använder vinkelgrad för att bedöma biologiskt kön, på den större ischiasskåran. I denna uppsats användes ett praktiskt tillvägagångssätt för att observera 33 höftben från Sankt Hans medeltida kyrkogård. Det osteologiska materialet var inlånat från Gotlands museum och det praktiska arbetet utfördes på plats på magasinet, under våren 2024. Undersökningsmaterialet avgränsades till att inkludera endast vuxna individer av både manligt och kvinnligt kön. Resultaten visade att det finns en korrelation mellan kurvan på inskärningen och biologiskt kön. I diskussionsdelen av uppsatsen diskuterades tillförlitlighet och användarvänlighet för de två metoderna samt hur de kan nyttjas i osteologiska sammanhang. / The greater sciatic notch (incisura ischiadica major) is an incision in the hip bone that is characterized by morphologies, useful to assess biological sex. Conclusions that are made from visual observations may vary between practitioners, and therefore, morphological methods can be less reliable than metric methods. The approach of this essay consisted of a comparative study between a method using shape analysis and one using angle degree to assess biological sex, on the greater sciatic notch. In this essay, a practical approach was applied to observe 33 hip bones from Sankt Hans medieval cemetery. The material was borrowed from Gotland’s Museum, and the practical work was performed on site, during spring of 2024. The studied material was delimitated to include only adult individuals consisting of both males and females. The results showed that there is a correlation between the curve of the incision and biological sex. In the discussion, the essay explored the reliability and user-friendliness of the two methods, along with their potential applications in osteological contexts.

Les récentes évolutions des technologies de l'information et de la communication font qu'il est aujourd'hui facile de consulter des catalogues de morceaux de musique conséquents. De nouvelles représentations et de nouveaux algorithmes doivent de ce fait être développés afin de disposer d'une vision représentative de ces catalogues et de naviguer avec agilité dans leurs contenus. Ceci nécessite une caractérisation efficace des morceaux de musique par l'intermédiaire de descriptions macroscopiques pertinentes. Dans cette thèse, nous nous focalisons sur l'estimation de la structure des morceaux de musique : il s'agit de produire pour chaque morceau une description de son organisation par une séquence de quelques dizaines de segments structurels, définis par leurs frontières (un instant de début et un instant de fin) et par une étiquette représentant leur contenu sonore.La notion de structure musicale peut correspondre à de multiples acceptions selon les propriétés musicales choisies et l'échelle temporelle considérée. Nous introduisons le concept de structure “sémiotique" qui permet de définir une méthodologie d'annotation couvrant un vaste ensemble de styles musicaux. La détermination des segments structurels est fondée sur l'analyse des similarités entre segments au sein du morceau, sur la cohérence de leur organisation interne (modèle “système-contraste") et sur les relations contextuelles qu'ils entretiennent les uns avec les autres. Un corpus de 383 morceaux a été annoté selon cette méthodologie et mis à disposition de la communauté scientifique.En termes de contributions algorithmiques, cette thèse se concentre en premier lieu sur l'estimation des frontières structurelles, en formulant le processus de segmentation comme l'optimisation d'un coût composé de deux termes~: le premier correspond à la caractérisation des segments structurels par des critères audio et le second reflète la régularité de la structure obtenue en référence à une “pulsation structurelle". Dans le cadre de cette formulation, nous comparons plusieurs contraintes de régularité et nous étudions la combinaison de critères audio par fusion. L'estimation des étiquettes structurelles est pour sa part abordée sous l'angle d'un processus de sélection d'automates à états finis : nous proposons un critère auto-adaptatif de sélection de modèles probabilistes que nous appliquons à une description du contenu tonal. Nous présentons également une méthode d'étiquetage des segments dérivée du modèle système-contraste.Nous évaluons différents systèmes d'estimation automatique de structure musicale basés sur ces approches dans le cadre de campagnes d'évaluation nationales et internationales (Quaero, MIREX), et nous complétons cette étude par quelques éléments de diagnostic additionnels. / Recent progress in information and communication technologies makes it easier to access large collections of digitized music. New representations and algorithms must be developed in order to get a representative overview of these collections, and to browse their content efficiently. It is therefore necessary to characterize music pieces through relevant macroscopic descriptions. In this thesis, we focus on the estimation of the structure of music pieces : the goal is to produce for each piece a description of its organization by means of a sequence of a few dozen structural segments, each of them defined by its boundaries (starting time and ending time) and a label reflecting its audio content.The notion of music structure corresponds to a wide range of meanings depending on the musical properties and the temporal scale under consideration. We introduce an annotation methodology based on the concept of “semiotic structure" which covers a large variety of musical styles. Structural segments are determined through the analysis of their similarities within the music piece, the coherence of their inner organization (“system-contrast" model) and their contextual relationship. A corpus of 383 pieces has been annotated according to this methodology and released to the scientific community.In terms of algorithmic contributions, this thesis concentrates in the first place on the estimation of structural boundaries. We formulate the segmentation process as the optimization of a cost function which is composed of two terms. The first one corresponds to the characterization of structural segments by means of audio criteria. The second one relies on the regularity of the target structure with respect to a “structural pulsation period". In this context, we compare several regularity constraints and study the combination of audio criteria through fusion.Secondly, we consider the estimation of structural labels as a probabilistic finite-state automaton selection process : in this scope, we propose an auto-adaptive criterion for model selection, applied to a description of the tonal content. We also propose a labeling method derived from the system-contrast model.We evaluate several systems for structural segmentation of music based on these approaches in the context of national and international evaluation campaigns (Quaero, MIREX). Additional diagnostic is finally presented to complement this work.