Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-06-02T23:22:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ItaloDiegoReboucasDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 1921634 bytes, checksum: f5b0152026c412caa425bbe005935152 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-06-12T21:29:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ItaloDiegoReboucasDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 1921634 bytes, checksum: f5b0152026c412caa425bbe005935152 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-12T21:29:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ItaloDiegoReboucasDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 1921634 bytes, checksum: f5b0152026c412caa425bbe005935152 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-30 / Atualmente, v?m intensificando-se os estudos na ?rea de qu?mica medicinal com intuito de elucidar novos fitof?rmacos, seja atrav?s da obten??o de extratos, fra??es, compostos isolados ou ?leos essenciais que apresentem algum tipo de atividade biol?gica. Neste contexto, destaca-se a aroeira-do-sert?o (Myracrodruon urundeuva), da fam?lia Anacardiaceae, j? estudada quanto ao potencial antimicrobiano, anti-inflamat?rio e cicatrizante. Motivado por novas alternativas terap?uticas, considerando a crescente resist?ncia microbiana, esse estudo avaliou a atividade antimicrobiana de produtos naturais obtidos das folhas da referida planta. Dentre estes est? um ?leo essencial, que foi extra?do por hidrodestila??o, caracterizado por RMN e GC-MS, e avaliado quanto ? citotoxicidade, al?m de extratos org?nicos, que foram analisados quanto ? atividade antimicrobiana: metan?lico liofilizado, obtido por decoc??o; clorof?rmico e acetato de etila, extra?dos ? temperatura ambiente com seus respectivos solventes e filtrados sob press?o reduzida. A atividade antibacteriana foi avaliada pela t?cnica da microdilui??o em caldo, na qual as CIMs foram determinadas utilizando CTT (cloreto de 2,3,5-trifenil-tetrazolium) como revelador do crescimento bacteriano, e as CBMs por meio da an?lise do crescimento do conte?do dos po?os em ?gar BHI. A citotoxicidade do ?leo foi avaliada pelo m?todo do MTT, brometo de 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difenil tetraz?lio. O ?leo, na caracteriza??o qu?mica, dentre os terpenos identificados, apresentou como constituinte majorit?rio o ?-pineno (87,85%). Al?m disso, tal ?leo mostrou atividade antibacteriana frente a todas as cepas testadas, onde para algumas destas ocorreu equival?ncia entre os valores de CIM e CBM, que foram de 0,22 mg/mL para Staphylococcus aureus, 0,44 mg/mL para Salmonella Enteritidis e 7 mg/mL para Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J? para Staphylococcus epidermidis a CIM foi 0,11 mg/mL e a CBM 0,22 mg/mL. Escherichia coli foi inibida com CIM de 0,88 mg/mL e CBM de 1,75 mg/mL. Equival?ncia entre CIM e CBM foi observada para extrato metan?lico frente a S. epidermidis (9,75 mg/mL). Para S. aureus, a CIM deste extrato foi de 9,75 mg/mL e a CBM 78 mg/mL. Foram resistentes a tal extrato: E. coli, S. Enteritidis e P. aeruginosa. Os extratos clorof?rmico e acetato de etila foram bacteriost?ticos frente ?s cinco cepas, por?m, o clorof?rmico inibiu todas estas com CIM de 15 mg/mL, enquanto o acetato de etila apresentou CIMs de 7,56 mg/mL para S. aureus, 1,89 mg/mL para S. epidermidis, 15,12 mg/mL para S. Enteritidis e 30,25 mg/mL tanto para E. coli quanto para P. aeruginosa. Quanto ? citotoxicidade, o ?leo essencial comprometeu a viabilidade celular da linhagem Vero E6, apenas na maior concentra??o, 4,4 mg/mL, inibindo cerca de 93,91% em 24h e 94,26% em 48h. Nas c?lulas HeLa, em 24h o ?leo nessa mesma dose, teve inibi??o de 21%, que ap?s 48h aumentou para 44,3%, mostrando poss?vel a??o antitumoral. Para a linhagem de c?lulas n?o tumorais HEK-293, o ?leo n?o exerceu efeito t?xico sobre as mesmas. Conclui-se que os resultados s?o promissores, abrindo perspectivas futuras dos produtos das folhas de M. urundeuva serem farmacologicamente vi?veis. / Nowadays, studies in the field of medicinal chemistry have been intensified to elucidate new phytopharmaceuticals, by either obtaining extracts, fractions, isolated compounds or essential oils that present some type of biological activity. In this context, stands out the aroeira-do-sert?o (Myracrodruon urundeuva), of the family Anacardiaceae, studied regarding the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and cicatrizant potential. Motivated by new therapeutic alternatives, considering the growing microbial resistance, this study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of natural products obtained from the leaves of said plant. Among these is an essential oil, which was extracted by hydrodistillation, characterized by NMR and GC-MS, and evaluated for cytotoxicity, in addition, organic extracts, which were analyzed for antimicrobial activity: lyophilized methanolic obtained by decoction; Chloroform and ethyl acetate, extracted at room temperature with their respective solvents and filtered under reduced pressure. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the microdilution technique in broth, in which the MICs were determined using CTT (2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride) as a bacterial growth promoter, and the CBMs were analyzed by growth analysis of the contents of wells on BHI agar. The cytotoxicity of the oil was evaluated by the MTT method, 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide. The oil had as main constituent the ?-pinene (87.85%) among the terpenes identified in the chemical characterization. In addition, this oil showed antibacterial activity against all strains tested, where for some of these, equivalence between MIC and MBC values, which were 0.22 mg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus, 0.44 mg/mL for Salmonella Enteritidis and 7 mg/mL for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For Staphylococcus epidermidis the MIC was 0.11 mg/mL and the MBC was 0.22 mg/mL. Escherichia coli was inhibited with MIC of 0.88 mg/mL and MBC of 1.75 mg/mL. Equivalence between MIC and MBC was observed for methanolic extract against S. epidermidis (9.75 mg/mL). For S. aureus, the MIC of this extract was 9.75 mg/mL and the MBC 78 mg/mL. They were resistant to such extract: E. coli, S. Enteritidis and P. aeruginosa. Chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts were bacteriostatic against the five strains, but chloroform inhibited them all with MICs of 15 mg/mL, while ethyl acetate had MICs of 7.56 mg/mL for S. aureus, 1.89 mg/mL for S. epidermidis, 15.12 mg/mL for S. Enteritidis and 30.25 mg/mL for E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Regarding cytotoxicity, the essential oil compromised the cell viability of the Vero E6 line, only at the highest concentration, 4.4 mg/mL, inhibiting about 93.91% in 24h and 94.26% in 48h. In HeLa cells, in 24h the oil at the same dose had inhibition of 21%, which after 48h increased to 44.3%, showing a possible antitumor action. For the non-tumor cell line HEK-293, the oil had no toxic effect. It is concluded that the results are promising, opening future prospects for M. urundeuva leaf products being pharmacologically viable.

Submitted by Natalie Mendes (nataliermendes@gmail.com) on 2015-07-28T23:01:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 COMPOSI??O QU?MICA DO ?LEO ESSENCIAL DE Lippia origanoides Kunth E ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA FRENTE A DIFERENTES SOROTIPOS~1.pdf: 1434340 bytes, checksum: 8072381e4bdaa1aac1583317e834ac0d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-28T23:01:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 COMPOSI??O QU?MICA DO ?LEO ESSENCIAL DE Lippia origanoides Kunth E ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA FRENTE A DIFERENTES SOROTIPOS~1.pdf: 1434340 bytes, checksum: 8072381e4bdaa1aac1583317e834ac0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / Pig farming has become increasingly important in recent years in Brazil, because of this, studies for the treatment of diseases that cause the loss of mass of meat animals has increased significantly, such as the Glasser's disease caused by Haemophilus parasuis. Some initial studies have shown human resistance to antibiotics due to the consumption of meat produced with high levels of these substances, and alternatively treatments have been developed from natural products. Lippia origanoides Kunth is presented as a natural source of antimicrobial substances due to the composition of the essential oil obtained, mainly, from the leaves of this plant. In this study the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Lippia origanoides Kunth, by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against Haemophilus parasuis serotypes 1,2,4,5,9,10,12,13,14 and one untypable was studied. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the dried leaves and the chemical composition analysis revealed the presence of carvacrol as the predominant component, which characterizes the chemotype B. The results of the antimicrobial activity demonstrated the inhibitory effect of essential oil samples for all tested bacteria. The best result was 0.005% against the sample MV12315 (serotype 10) while the least satisfactory was 0.078% against the sample MV12196 (serotype 12). Results demonstrate the bactericidal action of the oil against the different serotypes of Haemophilus parasuis. / A suinocultura vem se sobressaindo nos ?ltimos anos no Brasil, por isso aumentam os estudos para tratamento das doen?as que causam perdas de carca?a dos animais, como a doen?a de Gl?sser, provocada pelo Haemophilus parasuis. Alguns trabalhos incipientes demonstram a resist?ncia humana a antibi?ticos devido ao consumo de carnes produzidas com altos ?ndices destas subst?ncias, e tratamento alternativos com produtos naturais vem sendo desenvolvidos. Lippia origanoides Kunth se apresenta como uma fonte natural de subst?ncias antimicrobianas devido ? composi??o do seu ?leo essencial obtido principalmente das folhas desta planta. Este trabalho avaliou a atividade antimicrobiana do ?leo essencial de Lippia origanoides atrav?s da determina??o da Concentra??o Inibit?ria M?nima (CIM) e Concentra??o Bactericida M?nima (CBM) frente a amostras de campo do Haemophilus parasuis com sorotipos 1,2,4,5,9,10,12,13,14 e um n?o sorotip?vel. Os ?leos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestila??o das folhas secas ap?s tr?s horas, e na an?lise da composi??o qu?mica, o carvacrol foi identificado como componente predominante, caracterizando-o como quimiotipo B. Os resultados de atividade antimicrobiana demonstram o efeito inibit?rio do ?leo essencial para todas as amostras de bact?rias testadas. O melhor resultado encontrado foi de 0,005% frente a amostra MV12315 (sorotipo 10) enquanto o menos satisfat?rio foi de 0,078% contra a amostra MV12196 (sorotipo 12). Os resultados obtidos demonstram a a??o bactericida do ?leo para os diferentes sorotipos do Haemophilus parasuis.