Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre du développement d’une nouvelle technologie de concentration du CO2 intégrée à la cimenterie. Le principe de cette technologie repose sur une décarbonatation de la matière crue par contact avec un solide caloporteur dans un procédé innovant qui conduit à un dégagement de CO2 pur à haute température. Ce CO2 pourra ensuite être stocké dans le sous-sol ou valorisé chimiquement. L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier la décarbonation du cru dans les conditions opératoires qui simulent le plus fidèlement possible la nouvelle unité industrielle. D’abord, la cinétique de décarbonation est étudiée en thermobalance sur des échantillons de poudre de CaCO3 pur qui est le composé majoritaire du cru. Les résultats conduisent à une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes qui pilotent la réaction ainsi qu’à l’élaboration des lois cinétiques permettant de prédire l’effet de la température entre 600 °C et 930 °C, et de la pression partielle de CO2 entre 0 atm et 1 atm sur l’avancement de la réaction. Ensuite, les interactions pouvant se produire entre le CaCO3 et les autres solides qui composent un cru industriel, lors de sa calcination sous atmosphère de CO2 pur, sont étudiées sur le plan cinétique (thermobalance), thermodynamique (simulations) et morphologique (DRX et DRX in situ). Enfin, dans le but de simuler la décarbonatation du cru et son élutriation dans le procédé réel, et en particulier dans la partie basse du nouveau calcinateur, un pilote fonctionnant à chaud a été réalisé au cours de ce travail. Il permet d’effectuer la décarbonatation du cru alimenté en discontinu et en continu dans un lit de média fluidisé (clinker ou olivine). Ont été examinées les influences de la température, de la vitesse de gaz, du débit de solide et de la nature du gaz de fluidisation (CO2 pur ou mélange air/CO2) sur les phénomènes hydrodynamiques (élutriation, accumulation, temps de séjour …), les interactions cru-média et le degré d’avancement de la réaction de décarbonatation.

The aim of the master project is to design a kindergarten in Holubice, Czechia. The building has three parts. First includes classrooms and auxiliary premises (locker rooms, washrooms, etc.), second technical and staff facilities and the third one includes a gym with equipment storage. The first two parts are designed using load-bearing masonry, reinforced concrete floor slab and flat roof. Gym has a load-bearing system combining masonry and structural frame covered by a semi-circular flat roof. The whole building is equipped with HVAC systems. Heating energy is supplied by two condensing gas boilers. Air quality will be maintained by an air conditioning system. Photovoltaic panels are placed on the roof to support electricity. Rainwater will be collected in accumulation tanks and further used for flushing on the toilets and garden irrigation. The project was developed using AutoCAD (drawings) and Revit. The secondary task of the work is an extensive measurement of the CO2 concentration in a room with forced ventilation. The aim is to combine automatic regulation of forced ventilation, depending on the concentration of CO2. The result of such regulation is higher air comfort, service life of individual HVAC members and saving electricity.

Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre du développement d’une nouvelle technologie de concentration du CO2 intégrée à la cimenterie. Le principe de cette technologie repose sur une décarbonatation de la matière crue par contact avec un solide caloporteur dans un procédé innovant qui conduit à un dégagement de CO2 pur à haute température. Ce CO2 pourra ensuite être stocké dans le sous-sol ou valorisé chimiquement. L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier la décarbonation du cru dans les conditions opératoires qui simulent le plus fidèlement possible la nouvelle unité industrielle. D’abord, la cinétique de décarbonation est étudiée en thermobalance sur des échantillons de poudre de CaCO3 pur qui est le composé majoritaire du cru. Les résultats conduisent à une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes qui pilotent la réaction ainsi qu’à l’élaboration des lois cinétiques permettant de prédire l’effet de la température entre 600 °C et 930 °C, et de la pression partielle de CO2 entre 0 atm et 1 atm sur l’avancement de la réaction. Ensuite, les interactions pouvant se produire entre le CaCO3 et les autres solides qui composent un cru industriel, lors de sa calcination sous atmosphère de CO2 pur, sont étudiées sur le plan cinétique (thermobalance), thermodynamique (simulations) et morphologique (DRX et DRX in situ). Enfin, dans le but de simuler la décarbonatation du cru et son élutriation dans le procédé réel, et en particulier dans la partie basse du nouveau calcinateur, un pilote fonctionnant à chaud a été réalisé au cours de ce travail. Il permet d’effectuer la décarbonatation du cru alimenté en discontinu et en continu dans un lit de média fluidisé (clinker ou olivine). Ont été examinées les influences de la température, de la vitesse de gaz, du débit de solide et de la nature du gaz de fluidisation (CO2 pur ou mélange air/CO2) sur les phénomènes hydrodynamiques (élutriation, accumulation, temps de séjour …), les interactions cru-média et le degré d’avancement de la réaction de décarbonatation. / This study concerns a new CO2 concentration technology integrated into the cement plant. This technology consists in the raw mix decarbonation, induced by its contact with a solid medium in charge of the heat transfer, in an innovative process leading to the emission of pure CO2 at high temperature. This pure gas may be stored underground or used as chemical reactant. This work consists in the study of the decarbonation reaction of the raw mix in operating conditions that are similar to the ones of the new industrial unit. First, the decarbonation kinetics is studied by thermogravimetric analysis on pure CaCO3 powder samples. CaCO3 is the main component of the raw mix. The results led to a better comprehension of the phenomena driving the reaction kinetics and to the determination of kinetic laws in good agreement with the data obtained between 600 °C and 930 °C, and for a partial pressure of CO2 between 0 atm and 1 atm. Then, the interactions between the CaCO3 and the other solids in an industrial raw mix, occurring during its calcination in pure CO2 atmosphere, are studied kinetically (TGA), thermodynamically (simulations) and morphologically (XRD and in situ XRD). Eventually, an experimental device working at high temperatures was built for this study in order to simulate the decarbonation reaction of the raw mix and its elutriation in the real process. This device allows calcining the raw mix in a fluidized bed of media (clinker or olivine). The influences of the fluidized bed temperature, the fluidizing gas velocity, the solid feed rate and the fluidizing gas composition (pure CO2 or air/CO2 mixes) on the hydrodynamic phenomena (elutriation, accumulation, residence time …) , the raw mix-media interactions and the conversion degree are studied.

The first part of the thesis deals with the issue of indoor climate in school buildings. The second part deals with the design of the heating system in the extension of the primary school, including the design of the source and the reconstruction of the source for the existing building in a variant solution. The last part of the thesis is devoted to experimental measurement of indoor air quality in elementary school.

Diurnal changes of initial and total activity and content of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) under conditions of ambient (350 µmol mol-1) and elevated (E = 700 µmol mol 1) concentration CO2 were measured in needles of Norway spruce. Needles of Norway spruce were taken on 22th July in two-hours from 3:30 a. m. till 10:30 p. m. The Rubisco activity was determined by spectrophotometry, the Rubisco content was detected by SDS-PAGE. The Rubisco activity was in most samples statistically significantly lower in needles cutlivated under ambient carbon dioxide then in needles cultivated under elevated carbon dioxide. Diagrams of the Rubisco activity shows absence of night inhibitor CA1P. The Rubisco activity was directly proportional to the intensity of photosynthetically active radiation in time from 7:00 a. m. till 7:30 p. m. The Rubisco content was statistically significantly higher in needles of Norway spruce cultivated under ambient carbon dioxide than in needles cultivated under elevated CO2, which shows acclimation of the Rubisco content during long-term effect of elevated CO2 concentration.

The aim of this master thesis is a research of effects of clay plaster application and natural ventilation on heat storage of a room. In addition to theoretical analysis of basic characteristics of clay as material used in the field of civil engineering, an experimental verification of these characteristical features is carried out as well. The thesis also studies thermal comfort of a room in terms of humidity and concentration of CO2 in dependence of natural ventilation. In the last part, numerical verification of effects of clay plaster application on heat storage is calculated using Simulace 2015 software.

The thesis deals with the issue of indoor air quality of schools and kindergartens. It focuses particularly on the inadequate ventilation and the application of forced ventila-tion in these types of buildings. The proposed solution is applied to a kindergarten in Kuřim. Measurements of the C02 concentration levels were performed in the presence and absence of air conditioning. To elaborate the proposed solution a simulation was made using a software called ANSYS Fluent. Input values for the simulation were obtained from an experimental measurement of a ventilation diffuser made by a company called Climecon ROX using the PIV method. This diffuser was then installed in the kindergarten. The measure-ments were carried out in the framework of the project the experimental validation of numerical models of the air flow in buildings marked with FAST-S-6-3387.

This Master’s Thesis deals with the design of ventilation and cooling of an under roof flat in a tenement building, built in the 1980s, and consists of five main parts. Within the first main part, the thesis is dedicated to the research of the current state of knowledge in the area ofventilation and cooling of residential premises, secondly, there is a detailed description of a particular flat, thirdly, the calculation for the optimal design of ventilation and cooling are made and, in the fourth part, suggested solutions are proposed with the following evaluation of them including the overall summary. The design of ventilation and cooling was carried out according to the design procedures with respect to the relevant standards and optimized to achieve the desired effect with respect to the requirements of the owner of a housing unit. As a solution, the ventilation of a flat by the Jablotron Futura´s ventilating unit and three variants of a flat cooling were proposed. After the evaluation of all cooling variants, the Sinclair´s multisplit system of cooling was chosen as the most suitable one.

Master thesis solves the level of CO2 concentration in the premises of universities in Brno. The main objectives of the processed data measured from two monitored rooms, compare it with the permissible limits of concentration, evaluate the effectiveness of natural ventilation and develop a more efficient way to exchange air with forced venti-lation. Space solutions are part of the Philosophical Faculty of Masaryk University, the fourth above-ground floors of buildings A and B1. The theoretical part deals with CO2 concentrations, measurement methods, the influence of CO2 on the organism and the assessment of daylight.

No description available.