No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of audio computer conferences on the process of guiding reflection among student teachers during an eight-week student teaching experience. After specific lessons that took place during the final eight weeks of their student teaching placement, each of the two student teachers conferenced with their university supervisor via the audio computer conferencing tool. The student teacher's comments were digitally recorded and analyzed. The Reflective Framework for Teaching in Physical Education (Tsangaridou & O'Sullivan, 1994) was used to describe the focus of the student teachers reflection. Both student teachers and the university supervisor then completed a follow-up interview with the researcher. Data collected through the follow-up interviews were analyzed using inductive thematic content analysis techniques. Content analysis provided insights into student teachers' and the university supervisor's views regarding the value of audio computer conferences in guiding reflection during an eight-week student teaching experience. / Ph. D.

A possibilidade de representantes da comunidade participarem da formulação e controle da execução de políticas públicas de saúde é uma conquista consagrada na Constituição Brasileira, e normatizada pela Lei 8142/90. Essa participação, como exercício de poder político, é efetivada por meio das Conferências e Conselhos de Saúde. A 3ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde Bucal (3aCNSB), realizada em 2004, analisou a Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal (PNSB) e apresentou à sociedade um conjunto de 298 propostas, reunidas no Relatório Final dessa Conferência, na perspectiva de enfrentar os problemas detectados nessa área. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar propostas resultantes da 3aCNSB, identificando a realização ou não de cada proposta, nas três esferas de gestão do Estado brasileiro. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com propósito avaliativo, expressando percepções de diferentes atores sociais, escolhidos intencionalmente, vinculados aos segmentos que compõem o denominado controle social no âmbito do SUS, ou seja, representantes de usuários, trabalhadores e gestores de saúde. Essa representação por segmento teve a finalidade de reproduzir a lógica tripartite adotada para a composição de Conselhos e Conferências de Saúde. O documento que serviu como referencial das proposições analisadas foi o Relatório Final da 3aCNSB. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário semi-estruturado, auto-aplicável, desenvolvido a partir do conteúdo das propostas a serem analisadas, disponibilizado aos sujeitos da pesquisa, por meio de um website (www.pesquisa3cnsb.odo.br). A coleta foi realizada entre julho de 2010 e janeiro de 2011. Os dados foram compilados, agrupados, categorizados e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Contatou-se que, embora as conferências sejam espaços institucionalizados de participação direta da sociedade civil, há problemas, limites e restrições à incorporação das suas demandas. No caso da 3aCNSB observou-se que propostas discutidas e aprovadas no evento não vêm sendo implementadas plenamente, tanto na esfera federal quanto por parte de estados e municípios. Embora a PNSB tenha sido uma das prioridades do Ministério da Saúde desde a realização da 3aCNSB, a percepção dos atores consultados é de que, principalmente nas esferas estaduais e municipais, não houve priorização para a PNSB, nem houve aumento proporcional nos investimentos em saúde bucal. Em conseqüência, ainda que não exclusivamente por isso, muitas ações e serviços de saúde bucal, propostos na 3aCNSB deixaram de ser executados, gerando a percepção de que, em termos nacionais, os avanços possíveis no setor não se concretizaram, com uma ou outra exceção. Por essa razão conclui-se que a 3aCNSB contribuiu para a consolidação da PNSB no âmbito do SUS, mas exigirá nos próximos anos, especial atenção e ação dos Conselhos de Saúde, assim como vontade política e articulação entre os três níveis de gestão do Estado Brasileiro, para concretizar ações em defesa do direito universal à saúde bucal / The possibility of community representatives participate in the formulation and control of implementation of the public health policies is an achievement enshrined in the Brazilian Constitution, and it is regulated by Law 8142/90. This participation, as an exercise of political power, is affected through the Conferences and Councils of Health The 3rd National Conference on Oral Health (3aCNSB) held in 2004, analyzed the National Oral Health Policy (NBSP) and presented to society a set of 298 proposals, all set in the Final Report of the Conference, with the proposal of facing the identified problems in this area. The objective of this study was to examine the proposals from 3aCNSB, identifying the achievement or not of each proposal, in the three levels of management of the Brazilian state. This is qualitative research, with evaluation purpose, expressing perceptions of different social actors, chosen intentionally, associated to the segments that make the called \'social control\' in the SUS sphere, or, the user representatives, employees and health managers. This representation by segment was designed to reproduce the logic adopted for the composition of Councils and Conferences of Health. The document that served as reference of the analyzed propositions was the Final Report of 3aCNSB. The data collection was performed using a semi-structured form ,self-administered, developed from the content of the proposals to be analyzed, provided to the research persons, through a website (www.pesquisa3cnsb.odo.br). The data collection was conducted between July 2010 and January 2011. The data were compiled, grouped, categorized and submitted to content analysis. It was noted that, although conferences are institutionalized spaces for direct participation of the civil society, there are problems, limits and restrictions on the incorporation of their demands. In the case of the 3aCNSB was observed that discussed and approved proposals at the event are not being fully implemented. Although the PNSB has been a priority for the Ministry of Health since the completion of 3aCNSB, the perception of the consultation actors is that, particularly in state and municipal spheres, no prioritization for PNSB was made and there was no proportional investment in investment in oral health. As a result, although not exclusively so, many actions and oral health services, proposed in 3aCNSB was not implemented, creating the perception that, in national terms, the possible improvements in the sector have not been materialized, with one or another exception. For this reason it is concluded that the 3aCNSB contributed to the consolidation of PNSB in the SUS sphere, but will require in the coming years, special attention and action of the Councils of Health as well as political will and coordination among the three management levels of the Brazilian State, to implement actions to defend the universal right to oral health

A possibilidade de representantes da comunidade participarem da formulação e controle da execução de políticas públicas de saúde é uma conquista consagrada na Constituição Brasileira, e normatizada pela Lei 8142/90. Essa participação, como exercício de poder político, é efetivada por meio das Conferências e Conselhos de Saúde. A 3ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde Bucal (3aCNSB), realizada em 2004, analisou a Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal (PNSB) e apresentou à sociedade um conjunto de 298 propostas, reunidas no Relatório Final dessa Conferência, na perspectiva de enfrentar os problemas detectados nessa área. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar propostas resultantes da 3aCNSB, identificando a realização ou não de cada proposta, nas três esferas de gestão do Estado brasileiro. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com propósito avaliativo, expressando percepções de diferentes atores sociais, escolhidos intencionalmente, vinculados aos segmentos que compõem o denominado controle social no âmbito do SUS, ou seja, representantes de usuários, trabalhadores e gestores de saúde. Essa representação por segmento teve a finalidade de reproduzir a lógica tripartite adotada para a composição de Conselhos e Conferências de Saúde. O documento que serviu como referencial das proposições analisadas foi o Relatório Final da 3aCNSB. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário semi-estruturado, auto-aplicável, desenvolvido a partir do conteúdo das propostas a serem analisadas, disponibilizado aos sujeitos da pesquisa, por meio de um website (www.pesquisa3cnsb.odo.br). A coleta foi realizada entre julho de 2010 e janeiro de 2011. Os dados foram compilados, agrupados, categorizados e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Contatou-se que, embora as conferências sejam espaços institucionalizados de participação direta da sociedade civil, há problemas, limites e restrições à incorporação das suas demandas. No caso da 3aCNSB observou-se que propostas discutidas e aprovadas no evento não vêm sendo implementadas plenamente, tanto na esfera federal quanto por parte de estados e municípios. Embora a PNSB tenha sido uma das prioridades do Ministério da Saúde desde a realização da 3aCNSB, a percepção dos atores consultados é de que, principalmente nas esferas estaduais e municipais, não houve priorização para a PNSB, nem houve aumento proporcional nos investimentos em saúde bucal. Em conseqüência, ainda que não exclusivamente por isso, muitas ações e serviços de saúde bucal, propostos na 3aCNSB deixaram de ser executados, gerando a percepção de que, em termos nacionais, os avanços possíveis no setor não se concretizaram, com uma ou outra exceção. Por essa razão conclui-se que a 3aCNSB contribuiu para a consolidação da PNSB no âmbito do SUS, mas exigirá nos próximos anos, especial atenção e ação dos Conselhos de Saúde, assim como vontade política e articulação entre os três níveis de gestão do Estado Brasileiro, para concretizar ações em defesa do direito universal à saúde bucal / The possibility of community representatives participate in the formulation and control of implementation of the public health policies is an achievement enshrined in the Brazilian Constitution, and it is regulated by Law 8142/90. This participation, as an exercise of political power, is affected through the Conferences and Councils of Health The 3rd National Conference on Oral Health (3aCNSB) held in 2004, analyzed the National Oral Health Policy (NBSP) and presented to society a set of 298 proposals, all set in the Final Report of the Conference, with the proposal of facing the identified problems in this area. The objective of this study was to examine the proposals from 3aCNSB, identifying the achievement or not of each proposal, in the three levels of management of the Brazilian state. This is qualitative research, with evaluation purpose, expressing perceptions of different social actors, chosen intentionally, associated to the segments that make the called \'social control\' in the SUS sphere, or, the user representatives, employees and health managers. This representation by segment was designed to reproduce the logic adopted for the composition of Councils and Conferences of Health. The document that served as reference of the analyzed propositions was the Final Report of 3aCNSB. The data collection was performed using a semi-structured form ,self-administered, developed from the content of the proposals to be analyzed, provided to the research persons, through a website (www.pesquisa3cnsb.odo.br). The data collection was conducted between July 2010 and January 2011. The data were compiled, grouped, categorized and submitted to content analysis. It was noted that, although conferences are institutionalized spaces for direct participation of the civil society, there are problems, limits and restrictions on the incorporation of their demands. In the case of the 3aCNSB was observed that discussed and approved proposals at the event are not being fully implemented. Although the PNSB has been a priority for the Ministry of Health since the completion of 3aCNSB, the perception of the consultation actors is that, particularly in state and municipal spheres, no prioritization for PNSB was made and there was no proportional investment in investment in oral health. As a result, although not exclusively so, many actions and oral health services, proposed in 3aCNSB was not implemented, creating the perception that, in national terms, the possible improvements in the sector have not been materialized, with one or another exception. For this reason it is concluded that the 3aCNSB contributed to the consolidation of PNSB in the SUS sphere, but will require in the coming years, special attention and action of the Councils of Health as well as political will and coordination among the three management levels of the Brazilian State, to implement actions to defend the universal right to oral health

Consensus conferences evolved as a response to the public's increasing dissatisfaction with technocratic decision-making processes that are judged to have repeatedly failed to serve its interests. The staging of the first Australian consensus conference at Old Parliament House in Canberra in March 1999 therefore presented an ideal opportunity to analyse the evolution of this new kind of policy input from its conception through to its implementation and subsequent evaluation. This thesis set out to provide an analysis of that trajectory using elements of the theoretical approach known as actor-network theory (ANT). Previous analyses of consensus conferences have generally provided only limited evaluations of single aspects of the entire process of setting up, implementing and evaluating such a conference. Furthermore, many of the early evaluations were conducted by reviewers or units which were themselves internal to the consensus conference under scrutiny. My own analysis has tried to offer broader, although inevitably less detailed, coverage, using a perspective from contemporary social theory that offers particular advantages in analysing the creation of short-term networks designed for specific purposes. By describing and analysing the role of this relatively new policy-making instrument, I have explored the different sub-networks that operate within the consensus conference process by focussing on the ways in which the conference was organised and how the relationships between the organisers and the participants helped to shape the outcomes. Thus the entire consensus conference sequence from idea to outcome can be thought of as a construction of a network to achieve at least one immediate goal. That goal was a single potential policy input, a consensus position embodied in the report of the lay panel. To realise that goal, the network needed to be recruited and stabilised and its members made to converge on that collective statement. But how is it that a range of disparate actors, including lay and expert, are mobilised to achieve that particular goal and what are the stabilisation devices which enable, or fail to enable this goal to be reached? In the context of the first Australian consensus conference, three key alignment devices emerged: texts, money and people. Yet it is clear from the evidence that some of these network stabilisation devices functioned poorly or not at all. This thesis has drawn attention to the areas in which they were weak and what importance that weakness had for the kind of policy outcome the consensus conference achieved. The role and extent of these powerful stabilisation devices in networks was therefore a vital issue for analysis. If one of the criteria to evaluate the success of a consensus conference is that it provides the stimulus to hold another, then the Australian conference must be deemed so far a failure. No further Australian consensus conference is planned. However, Australia stands to forfeit a number of advantages if no further consensus conferences or similar occasions are organised. Policy formation in contemporary democracies has had to accommodate an increasing array of new participants in order to track more effectively the diversity of potentially significant opinions on complex policy issues. This process requires new and transparent ways to educate and inform the public on policy issues and to ensure that policy makers are better informed about the needs and concerns of their community. As the evidence presented in thesis for the Australian example and its predecessors overseas suggests, consensus conferences have the potential to play a role in the contemporary policy-making context. But the realisation of that potential will vary according to their institutional contexts and the capacity of the actors to create the temporarily most stable and productive network out of the heterogeneous human and material resources to hand.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-114).

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-114). Also available in print.

The problem of this study is to obtain a cross section of thought of parents, teachers, and pupils concerning the practice in the Jefferson Elementary School, Sherman, Texas, of reporting pupil progress and growth by means of individual parent-teacher conferences.