This grounded study built on prior research in the area of reading conferences. Although there has been much anecdotal writing about reading conferences, there is limited research on the topic in general, and more specifically, no research honing in on the students reading experience after they engage in a one-on-one conference with the teacher. This study examined the nature of reading conferences in a third grade classroom and the influence of these one-on-one conferences with the teacher on the students’ subsequent reading experiences. Qualitative research methods were used to document and describe (a)the structure and content of the reading conferences; (b)the relationship building that occurred during the conference; (c) the joint meaning-making that developed within a conference and; (d)the reading experiences of third graders during independent reading. Reading conferences as a part of the classroom reading workshop were observed and documented for 8 months, and the classroom teacher was formally interviewed at the start of the data collection. Informal interviews were conducted with the teacher throughout the study in order to clarify observations. Interviews with students were also conducted in order to know what they were thinking about their reading and how they were applying strategies during independent reading time. Data for this study included field notes from observations, student and teacher interviews, teacher anecdotal notes, audio and video tapes of the individual conferences, and digital images of the students’ independent reading selections with notations made in the text by both the teacher and student. The findings of the study indicate that individual conferences between the teacher and student foster the building of relationships. In addition, individual conferences provide a space for joint meaning-making to occur between the teacher and student based upon the needs of the student and in a way that promotes a more solid understanding of reading strategies. The study revealed that individual conferences in reading influenced the independent reading experiences of students. Students were better able to apply reading strategies in their independent reading after spending time working one-on-one with the teacher to make meaningful connections between the strategy and the text they selected and to clarify misunderstandings. / text

Thesis (M.F.A.) -- Ohio State University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-90). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

Thesis (M.S.C.I.T.)--Regis University, Denver, Colo., 2006. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on May 25, 2007). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 211-220). / Microfiche. / xvi, 220 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm

No description available.

No description available.

Turbo codes have been the subject of much research in recent years, producing results very close to the theoretical limit set by Shannon. The codes have been successfully implemented in satellite and video conferencing systems and provision has been made in 3rd generation mobile systems. These codes have not been used for short frame systems due to the delay at the decoder. In this thesis, comprehensive comparisons of the two common decoding algorithms are made, with reference to short frames. The effects of increasing memory size of component codes, frame sizes, utilising puncturing and errors in channel estimation are investigated over AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels. The decoder systems are compared for complexity as well as for equal numbers of iterations. Results show that less complex decoder strategies produce good results for voice quality bit error rates. Investigations are also made into the effects of errors in signal-to-noise ratio estimation at the SOVA turbo decoder, showing this decoding algorithm to be more resilient than Log-MAP decoders in published literature. The decoders are also tested over channels displaying inter-symbol interference. Channels include a time-invariant channel and three ETSI standard time-varying channels simulating indoor, pedestrian and vehicular situations, upgraded for more realistic Doppler effect. To combat these types of channels, a derivative of turbo codes, turbo equalisation is often used. To keep receiver delay to a minimum, decision feedback equalisation is used here. Results show that the combination can produce improvements in decoded results with increasing turbo iterations where ISI is low, but that iterative improvements do not occur under harsh circumstances. The combination produces much superior results compared with codes on their own under even the most extreme circumstances.

No description available.

No description available.

by Ng Wai-fan. / Thesis (M.Sc.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-56). / Table of content / Abstract --- p.A.1 / Acknowledgment --- p.A.2 / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Initiatives and Methodology --- p.1 / Chapter 1.3 --- Overview of the thesis --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Study on Electronic Mail Systems / Chapter 2.1 --- Overview --- p.3 / Chapter 2.2 --- Message structure --- p.6 / Chapter 2.3 --- Communication interface --- p.6 / Chapter 2.4 --- User interfaces --- p.10 / Chapter 2.5 --- Mail applications --- p.10 / Chapter 2.6 --- System security --- p.11 / Chapter 2.7 --- Facilities provided in the systems --- p.12 / Chapter 2.8 --- Enhancement in electronic mail system --- p.14 / Chapter 2.9 --- Electronic mail and groupware system --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Discussions on electronic meetings / Chapter 3.1 --- Meetings --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2 --- Meeting systems --- p.24 / Chapter 3.3 --- Theoretical analysis of group meeting systems --- p.27 / Chapter 3.4 --- Asynchronous meetings --- p.28 / Chapter 3.5 --- Who are the users? --- p.29 / Chapter 3.6 --- Asynchronous meeting system --- p.29 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Asynchronous Meeting System Prototype Design / Chapter 4.1 --- Objectives --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2 --- Meeting system design --- p.31 / Chapter 4.3 --- System flow --- p.34 / Chapter 4.4 --- System implementation issues --- p.45 / Chapter 4.5 --- Implementation Results --- p.47 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion / Chapter 5.1 --- Contribution of our work --- p.49 / Chapter 5.2 --- Merits of the Asynchronous Meeting System --- p.50 / Chapter 5.3 --- User Acceptance --- p.51 / Chapter 5.4 --- Suggested future implementation --- p.51 / References --- p.54