International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / November 04-07, 1991 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / The Telemetry Test Station has been developed at the Digital Systems Division, ISRO Satellite Centre, to test House Keeping Telemetry Packages which will be flown onboard satellites. The main feature of the Test Staion is its configurability, since it is intended to be used with different types of (low bit rate) telemetry packages. Other features include automation of test procedure, and reduction in testing time/increase in repeatability due to minimisation of manual interaction. Since the test station comprises GPIB controlled equipment, hardware and software, thf configurability should be built in at all levels and stages, from design to implementation. Thus since the specification is subject to change, the configuration for structure of the system is traosferred from the designer to the user. This results in a large part of the system being devoted to user interface design, since the computer which is an integral part of the setup must be ‘invisible’ to the user. Due to specialised requirements the user and the system are treated at peer level i.e, at any time during the entire test session, the user can override system process and verify/correct it and equally, the system must also verify/correct user input especially with regard to critical test procedures. The test tession itself (after configuration) is divided into three equally important sections: preprocessing, test and analysis. All the data required during the test run should be made ready before the actual test. Since it has been found by experience that this is not always convenient, the preprocessing software is integrated in to the test session so that the user can perform this at any time. Similarly, the results of the test can also be analysed immediately or even during the test to improve subsequent procedures. This paper describes the prototype telemetry test station which has been built and tested over the past two years. This performance has been satisfactory. The system integration features and design problems and solution are high lighted.

Ces dernières décennies ont été caractérisées par une évolution massive de l'Internet sur tous les plans, couvrant les applications et les technologies réseau. En conséquence, de nouveaux besoins pour les applications et de nouvelles contraintes réseaux apparaissent ; rendant ainsi les protocole (TCP et UDP notamment) de moins en moins efficaces, et plusieurs nouveaux protocoles ont été proposés. Cependant, à cause de plusieurs limites architecturales de la couche Transport, ces nouveaux protocoles n'ont pas été déployés.Partant de ce constat, le travail effectué dans cette thèse porte sur la proposition et la réalisation d'une architecture pour la couche Transport, orientée services et basée composants, dotée de capacités d'extensibilité et d'autoadaptation vis-à-vis des évolutions du contexte applicatif et réseau. La solution proposée repose, d'une part, sur un faible couplage entre les éléments extérieurs (applications et systèmes) et la couche Transport, ainsi qu'entre les composants internes de l'architecture. D'autre part, elle se base sur des modèles et des algorithmes lui permettant de détecter et de prendre en compte les évolutions du réseau ou des applications, et d'adapter son comportement en conséquence. Une implémentation complète de la solution est proposée et testée dans un cadre de communications aéronautiques par satellite. L'objectif étant la gestion de la transition des protocoles spécifique au monde aéronautique vers les protocoles de l'Internet, ainsi que la gestion, au niveau Transport, des liens physiques hétérogènes. Les tests démontrent la faisabilité d'une telle architecture extensible et autonome, les gains en performance qu'il est possible d'obtenir, et les coûts qui en résultent. / The recent decades are characterized by an important evolution of the Internet at all planes, covering applications and network technologies. This evolution results on new applications requirements and new networks constraints making classical protocols (TCP and UDP typically) less and less suitable. Consequently, many new more efficient protocols have been proposed. However, due to several limitations of the actual Transport layer, these new protocols have not been deployed.From this statement, the work presented in this thesis is about the proposition and the realization of an architecture for the Transport layer, including extensibility and auto-adaptability capabilities regarding the evolution of application and network context. The proposed solution is based on low-coupling between, in a part, the Transport layer and the external actors (applications and systems), and in the other part between the internal component of the architecture. In parallel, the architecture is based on models and algorithms for detecting and taking into account the evolution of networks and applications, and adapt it behavior consequently. A complete implementation of the solution is proposed and evaluated in the context of aeronautical communications by satellite. The aim is the management of the transition phase of the aeronautical network to the Internet protocols suite, and the management of the heterogeneity of the different physical links. The tests demonstrated the feasibility of such extensible and autonomic architecture, the performances gains which can be obtained, and the resulting cost.

An ID generating circuit is unquestionably the core of a chipless RFID tag. For convenience of printing process and cost consideration, the circuit should be kept as simple as possible. Based on the cognition, an 8-bit time-domain based ID generating circuit that merely consists of a ML and eight capacitors was offered, and implemented on photo-paper substrates via inkjet printing process. In addition to the experimental measurements, the circuit was also input into circuit simulators for cross-validation. The good agreement between simulations and measurements is observed, exhibiting the tag technical feasibility. Besides of low cost, the tag has wide compatibility with current licensed RFID spectrum, which will facilitate the future deployment in real applications. Compared   to  time-domain   based  chipless   tags,  frequency   signatures   based chipless RFID tags are expected to offer a larger coding capacity. As a response, we presented a 10-bit frequency-domain based chipless RFID tag. The tag composed of ten configurable LC resonators was implemented on flexible polyimide substrate by using  fast  toner-transferring  process.  Field  measurements  revealed  not  only  the practicability  of  the  tag,  but  also  the  high  signal  to  noise  ratio  (SNR).  Another frequency domain tag consists of a configurable coplanar LC resonator. With the use of all printing process, the tag was for the first time realized on common packaging papers.  The tag feasibility was confirmed by subsequent measurements. Owing to the ultra-low cost potential and large SNR, The tag may find wide applications in typical RFID solutions such as management of paper tickets for social events and governing of smart documents. Ultra wide band (UWB) technology possesses a number of inherent merits such as high speed communication and large capacity, multi-path immunity, accurate ranging and positioning, penetration through obstacles, as well as extremely low-cost and low- power transmitters. Thus, passive UWB RFIDs are expected to play an important pole in  the future identification applications for IoT. We explained the feature difference between  UWB  chipless  tags  and  chip  based  tags,  and  forecasted  the  applications respectively  based on the comparison  between the two technologies.  It is expected that the two technologies will coexist and compensate each other in the applications of IoT. Lastly, the thesis ends up with brief summary of the author’s contributions, and technical prospect for the future development of printable chipless RFID tags. / <p>QC 20140304</p>

Abstract Mixed media, as artful assemblages of digital objects and physical artefacts, provide distinctive opportunities for experiential, presentational and representational interaction. In project-based learning of architecture design, participants staged spatial narratives with multiple projections, performed mixed objects and artefacts, and exploited bodily movements in mixed representations. These cases show how physical interfaces in mixed media acquire a spatial dimension, integrate physical artefacts and bodily movements and propose configurability as a central feature. A perspective based on anthropological concepts of performance makes it possible to address these aspects in a coherent way, pointing to sense experience, the individuality and collective emergence of expression and its diachronic and event-like character. From this perspective, interaction is part of expressive events aimed at generating new insights for participants (interchangeable performers and spectators) privileging sense experience. Events are the outcome of configurations of space, artefacts and digital media, and are characterised by a simultaneousness of doing and undergoing, of bodily presence and representation. More importantly, the performance perspective suggests a particular temporal view of interaction, based on the concept of event, addressing a neglected granularity of analysis between the moment-by-moment unfolding of interaction and the longer term co-evolution of technology and practice. Implications of interaction as performance contribute to a wider program of interaction design, thereby providing alternatives to established human-computer interaction tenets: the notion of event is an alternative to the notion of task; perception in Dewey's terms replaces recognition proposing expression as an alternative to accountability and usability. Implications include looking at how space can be configured and staged instead of measured or simulated, and how situations can be staged instead of sensed and recognised, privileging the sensing human over the sensing system.

Across many domains, systems suppliers are challenged by the complexity of their systems and the speed at which their systems must be changed in order to meet the needs of customers or the societies which the systems support. Stakeholder needs are ever more complex: appearing, disappearing, changing and interacting faster than solutions able to address them can be instantiated. Similarly, the systems themselves continually change as a result of both external and internal influences, such as damage, changing environment, upgrades, reconfiguration, replacement, etc. In the event of situations unforeseen at design time, personnel (for example maintainers or operators) close to the point of employment may have to modify systems in response to the evolving situation, and to do this in a timely manner so that the system and/or System-of-Systems (SoS: a set of systems that have to interoperate) can achieve their aims. This research was motivated by the problem of designing-in re-configurability to the constituent systems of a SoS to enable the SoS and its systems to effectively and efficiently counter the effects of unforeseen events that adversely affect fitness-for purpose whilst operational. This research shows that a SoS does not achieve or maintain fitness-for-purpose because it cannot implement the correct, timely and complete transfer of Material, Energy and Information (MEI) between its constituents and with its external environment that is necessary to achieve a desired outcome; i.e. the purpose.

Modularity has the possibility to fulfil a wide range of customer requirements by using relatively few input components. The benefits of modularization from an engineering perspective have been confirmed repeatedly by multiple researchers, but less attention has been drawn to the question of how to effectively price the large number of variants of top-level configurations. In terms of pricing, a common approach is to add a contribution margin to the production cost, but there are problems associated with this method. In general, there should be possibilities to: i) base price on value, not cost (i.e., price structure); ii) ensure consistency in pricing between configurations (i.e., pricing policy); and iii) maintain the prices over time (i.e., price maintenance). Contribution margin on production cost approach does not effectively fulfill these three criteria. This thesis aims to contribute to filling this research gap by introducing the concept of module-based pricing: a top-level configuration’s list price should be the sum of the prices of its modules. The model, MBPN, developed in this thesis minimizes the difference in the outcome of any existing and a new, modular based model as a neutral starting point. The model uses applied least squares method with an option to set variable limits on the module prices to achieve e.g., value-based module pricing. The results present a case of a successful transition from a contribution margin on production cost approach to module-based pricing for a configurable product. / Modularisering har möjligheten att uppfylla ett stort antal kundkrav med utgångspunkt i relativt få komponentvariationer. De ingenjörsmässiga fördelarna med detta tillvägagångssätt har bekräftats upprepade gånger i olika studier, men mindre uppmärksamhet har riktats mot hur man effektivt kan prissätta de olika varianter av konfigureringar som uppkommer med modulariseringsstrategier. Gällande prissättning av konfigurerade produkter är det vanligt att använda en bidragsmarginal på produktionskostnaden, men det finns problem associerade med denna metod. Generellt bör det finnasmöjligheter att: i) basera pris på värde, inte kostnad (dvs. prisstruktur); ii) säkerställa enhetlighet i prissättningen mellan konfigurationer (dvs. prissättningspolicy); och iii) upprätthålla priserna över tid (dvs. prisunderhåll). Bidragsmarginal på produktionskostnaden uppfyller inte dessa tre kriterier. Detta examensarbete introducerar därför konceptet modulbaserad prissättning: konfigureringens listpris utgörs av summan av dess modulers priser. Modellen, MBPN, utvecklad i detta examensarbete minimerar skillnaden i utfallet av en befintlig och en ny, modulbaserad modell som en neutral utgångspunkt. Modellen är en tillämpad minsta kvadratmetod med möjligheter att applicera variabelgränser för att uppnå t.ex. värdebaserad modulprissättning. Resultatet visar på en framgångsrik övergång från en prissättningsmodell baserad på bidragsmarginal på produktionskostnad till modulbaserad prissättning för en konfigurerbar produkt.