Planning for tourism and outdoor recreation in Swedish coastal areas could be improved with knowledge of visitors’ attitudes, experiences, activities and geographical dispersion. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the knowledge of visitors in planning for tourism and outdoor recreation. The Luleå archipelago in Northern Sweden is used as a case study. Supervisors: Professor Lars Emmelin, Blekinge Institute of Technology/ETOUR Dr Peter Fredman, ETOUR. The Department of Spatial Planning, BTH deals with research on planning processes, environmental impact assessment, social issues, gender issues and applied information technology in spatial planning. The European Tourism Research Institute, ETOUR, Mid Sweden University, develops knowledge and expertise within issues related to travel and tourism. There are three main objectives: to conduct research on tourism-related issues, to analyse statistics on tourism and to make the research results accessible to the tourism industry. The research aims to develop the tourism industry and the institute is a resource for businesses, organisations and authorities. This project has been financed by the AGORA Interreg III-project Network Sustainable Tourism Development in the Baltic Sea Region, the Blekinge County Administration Board, the Mid Sweden University in Östersund, the European Tourism Research Institute (ETOUR), and The Swedish Tourist Authority. / The Department of Spatial Planning, BTH carries out research on planning processes, environmental impact assessment, social issues, gender issues and applied information technology in spatial planning. The European Tourism Research Institute, ETOUR, Mid Sweden University, develops knowledge and expertise within issues related to travel and tourism. There are three main objectives: to conduct research on tourism-related issues, to analyse statistics on tourism and to make the research results accessible to the tourism industry. The research aims to develop the tourism industry and the institute is a resource for businesses, organisations and authorities. This project has been financed by the European Tourism Research Institute (ETOUR), the Mid Sweden University in Östersund, and the AGORA Interreg III-project Network Sustainable Tourism Development in the Baltic Sea Region.

No description available.

No description available.

Women who use hormonal contraceptives have been shown to report more intense affective responses to partner infidelity than women with a natural cycle. Also, previous research suggests that female jealousy is sensitive to hormonal changes when naturally cycling, with a peak around ovulation, while women using hormonal contraceptives are less sensitive. This research is aimed at exploring women`s perception of couple conflicts in line with predictions derived from evolutionary theory. A factor analysis yielded four dimensions within 19 couple conflicts that were related to jealousy, emotional support, time and effort, and commitment. We tested the hypotheses that women who use hormonal contraceptives will react more strongly to jealousy-provoking scenarios and overall conflicts compared to women with a natural menstrual cycle. We also tested the hypotheses that naturally cycling women would show an increase in their emotional response to jealousy-provoking scenarios at days with high fertility risk. We expected that their emotional response to the scenarios infidelity, lack of emotional support, time and effort and lack of commitment, would increase if they perceived their partners as attractive. By using an online questionnaire, we followed women who were currently in a relationship with age ranging from 18 to 30 years weekly for 12 weeks. Results show a significant difference between women using hormonal contraceptives and naturally cycling women. Women using hormonal contraceptives responded to be more upset by scenarios indicating infidelity, than did naturally cycling women (p < .05), but not on the overall conflicts. However, some unexpected differences on the single scenarios where discovered. For the analysis concerning the fertility-effect, no significant main effect was found. However, our hypotheses were not supported (p > .001), Our results did, however, reveal a non-significant trending in the predicted direction indicating that the partner`s attractiveness interact with fertility status and affect how women respond to situations regarding Jealousy and couple conflicts.

Is there any truth in the saying “no news is good news” or is there a reason to question whether media actually do reflect the world’s worst conflicts proportionally? The communication technologies have seen major developments in recent years, and more and more people choose to read their news on the Internet. With smartphones and other devices, one could imagine that there would be easier to cover more conflict areas than ever – but is this what has happened? In this study we aimed to investigate how three chosen Swedish newspapers reflected five of the on-going conflicts of 2012 and how this can be explained with the theories; the CNN effect and Stealth Conflicts. We started out with studies of the two theories. The definition of “conflict” used in this study is Uppsala Conflict Data Program’s “war and minor conflict”. Then a quantitative study followed, where we used the three newspapers’ websites to search for articles about our chosen conflict areas: Algeria, Israel, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Syria. The conclusion of this study is that there is, at least among our chosen newspapers, a disproportionate covering of the world’s conflicts, with the exception of Syria. This matches largely with how the two theories explain the media’s covering of conflicts, but we found a deeper explanation in the Stealth Conflict theory, though the CNN effect stood for interesting points as well. The theories could benefit from a merger since that would create a theory with a wider range of explanation tools of why the conflict news reports looks and works the way it does and of its consequences.

Airpower capability and military technology have created a vision of airpower that focuses on the lethality of weaponry instead of the use of that weaponry as a political tool. Unfortunately, such a lethality-focused force optimized to fight interstate conflicts, by definition, ensures that this force is sub-optimal for waging wars at the sub-state level. Small wars are conflicts where the political and diplomatic context, and not the military disposition of the combatants, is usually the determining factor. Following World War II there emerged an era of insurgencies and limited wars of territorial dispute. These small wars required new operational and tactical innovations involving the use of airpower, as the very nature of these wars differed from conventional conflict towards which most of aviation was geared. This thesis analyzes six historical cases involving the use of airpower across a wide spectrum of small wars through the lens of an analytical framework for countering insurgencies. While the typologies of no two conflicts are identical, and the application of airpower equally varied, this work provides fundamental assertions and implications regarding the proper use of airpower for waging war at this level. / US Air Force (USAF) author.

This thesis establishes an analytical framework for identifying and discussing strategic factors considered when developing the Hungarian Special Forces (HUNSF) as a new "niche" capability of the Hungarian Defense Forces (HDF). Although the findings have broad application, focus is on the Hungarian Special Forces unit. Key questions are how will factors such as the strategic environment, changes in the nature of war and characteristics of potential adversaries affect the development of a conceptual framework for the Hungarian Special Forces? Should unconventional warfare (which is a capability gap in the HDF at present) be an official task for the future Hungarian military forces and specifically a primary task for the HUNSF? Central to this study are factors found in the strategic environment, such as Hungary's affiliation with NATO and the EU. The thesis concentrates on defining the tasks for HUNSF, and based on these tasks, develops an organizational framework for the HUNSF capability. This framework includes training and command and control. The constantly changing security environment will also call for adjustments to the concept of HUNSF in the future; therefore, a vision for the HUNSF is incorporated into the thesis to provide flexibility and guidance for capability development in the future. A key finding of the thesis is that HUNSF has the potential to contribute to the fight against the many new security challenges and achieve many of the objectives posited in existing military transformation strategies, most importantly an unconventional warfare capability.

No description available.

A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Claremont Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate Faculty of Government.

Thesis (MDev.) --Univesity of Limpopo, 2006 / The education sector in South Africa is in a process of transformation and learners attend schools of choice. Currently, educational statutes prohibit discrimination in any form in schools. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act no 108 of 1996) gives everyone the right to basic education without being discriminated against by the management of any school. The South African Schools (Act No 84 of 1996) that ensures equal education for all learners further advances this basic right. This has therefore encouraged parents to enroll children in schools of their choice. Racial integration is a way of life that promotes multiculturalism and diversity of the entire society and schools in particular. An exploration study was conducted with the aim of exploring to what extent integration has been realised among learners in selected multiracial public schools in the Limpopo Province. The snowball sampling method in the form of interviews was used in this study. Teachers and learners participated in this interview process. The observation method was also used in data collection. The study was motivated by the researcher’s observation of conflicts among learners from different racial backgrounds attending multiracial schools. These conflicts have been constantly reported in the media. In most cases, such conflicts are racially motivated and schools experience problems in handling and managing such conflicts. The results of this study show that most learners who participated in the interview process are positive towards integration. They indicated that they learn more about cultural diversity. However, some white learners still have a problem of integrating with black learners. Parents, who are not willing to accept change in this country, at times fail to motivate their children to accept and understand other racial groups. Most white learners leave such schools to attend Afrikaansonly or private whites-only schools in order to avoid being racially integrated into v multiracial public schools. During data collection, it was revealed that the problem in some schools is compounded by lack of tolerance among members of the teaching staff who come from different racial and cultural backgrounds. This study recommended among others, that more workshops on cultural diversity should be conducted on a continuous basis to assist both teachers and learners to understand and accept one another better. Furthermore, schools should develop integration programmes that will motivate everyone to understand different racial groups. Through these programmes it is hoped that schools will be assisted to overcome their differences and conflicts will be minimized. All racial groups will be united and transformation in the education sector will be promoted. White learners leaving multiracial schools will be motivated and encouraged to understand different racial groups who live in this democratic country. / Not listed