A melhoria da qualidade em função do aumento da competitividade nas empresas vem se tornado uma realidade evidente para aquelas que desejam continuar atuantes no mercado. Esta melhoria deve ter como objetivo a satisfação das necessidades de seus clientes e o atendimento das expectativas de lucro de seus acionistas. Para isto abordagens como o Seis Sigma, que trazem como proposta a melhoria da qualidade visando o atendimento destes objetivos, encontram nestes ambientes as condições propícias para sua utilização. No entanto, o que se observa na literatura é uma supervalorização desta abordagem de melhoria da qualidade como forma de eliminação das barreiras que impedem o aumento da competitividade. Este fato pode ser evidenciado com base na propaganda de seu sucesso de aplicação em empresas de grande porte e com alto nível de maturidade destas, que possuem condições de sanar seus problemas através de qualquer metodologia comprovada, mas que não produzem o mesmo efeito em empresas com menor compreensão de seus processos, que constituem a grande maioria que busca em uma abordagem como o Seis Sigma a solução para seus problemas seja de processo, seja organizacionais. Este trabalho tem como proposta a pesquisa e análise das dificuldades de implementação de programas Seis Sigma, utilizados para melhoria de competitividade em empresas com diferentes níveis de maturidade, considerando os fatores críticos de sucesso que condicionam este processo, apontados na literatura sobre o tema. Inicialmente uma revisão bibliográfica é feita para apresentar um referencial teórico de conceitos sobre Seis Sigma; casos de implementação bem sucedidos; levantamento das dificuldades associadas aos conceitos referenciados; e levantamento dos fatores críticos de sucesso para implementação de Programas Seis Sigma em uma organização; e a elaboração com base nesta revisão dos instrumentos de coleta de dados. Para execução deste trabalho realizou-se um estudo de casos múltiplos com objetivos descritivos visando levantar as dificuldades de implementação do Seis Sigma em empresas de grande porte e com diferentes níveis de maturidade que já utilizem este programa / The quality improvement, related to the companies’ competitiveness increasing, has become a strong reality to those that want to continue acting in the market.This improvement shall have the customer satisfaction needs and the shareholders expected profit achievement objective.So, strategies such as six sigma approach, that proposes a quality improvement by meeting these objectives, find on these scenario, proper condition to be used.However, what is observed on the literature is a super valorization of this quality improvement approach as a way to eliminate barriers that obstruct the competitiveness increasing. This fact can be demonstrated, according to the application success promotion, in lead companies and with high level of maturity, that have conditions to solve its problems through any proper methodology, but does not produces the same effect in companies which does not understand its process, and that represents the huge amount that is searching for Six Sigma approach to solve its process or organizational problems.This work proposes to develop and analyze the Six sigma program implementation problems, used to improve the companies’ competitiveness with different maturity levels, considering the success critical factors that limit this process, according to the actual literature. At beginning a biographic review was conducted to present the teorical reference related to Six Sigma concepts; well succed implementation cases; list of problems associated to the refer concepts; the list of critical factors for Six Sigma implementation in an organization; and the preparation of data collection based on these review.The execution of this work was done by multiple cases with defined objective study in order to list the Six Sigma implementation problems in big companies and several levels of maturity that already uses this program

Lietuvos Respublikos aplinkos ministerijos Vilniaus ir Kauno regionų aplinkos apsaugos departamentų aplinkos kontrolės ir kokybės valdymo efektyvumo palyginimas: atmosferos oro taršos, vandenų kokybės ir atliekų tvarkymo sektoriuose Šio darbo tikslas buvo palyginti Vilniaus ir Kauno regionų aplinkos apsaugos departamentų veiklą, įtakojant aplinkos kokybę, aplinkos oro taršos, vandenų kokybės bei atliekų tvarkymo srityse. Pats darbas yra padalintas į dvi pagrindines dalis. Pirmojoje dalyje pateikiama Vilniaus ir Kauno regionų bendra apžvalga, aplinkos apsaugos sampratos ir sąvokos aiškinimas bei gilinamasi į regionų aplinkos apsaugos departamentų misiją, uždavinius, struktūrą, teisinį veiklos reglamentavimą. Antroje dalyje atliekama pagrindinių aplinkos būklę nusakančių rodiklių aplinkos oro taršos, vandenų kokybės bei atliekų tvarkymo srityse analizė už 2006-2008 metų laikotarpį. Atliekų tvarkymo srityje analizuojami duomenys už 2005-2006 metus. Analizės metu gautos rodiklių reikšmės aiškinamos, gilinamasi į Vilniaus ir Kauno regionų aplinkos apsaugos departamentų veiklos ypatumus, galėjusius nulemti analizuojamų rodiklių pokyčius. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos išvados bei rekomendacijos regionų aplinkos apsaugos departamentams ateičiai. Darbo išvados iš dalies paneigia darbo pradžioje iškeltą hipotezę, kuri teigia, kad Lietuvos Respublikos aplinkos ministerijai pavaldžių regionų aplinkos apsaugos departamentų, konkrečiai Vilniaus ir Kauno regionų aplinkos apsaugos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose of this study was to compare the activity of Vilnius and Kaunas regional environmental protection departments, which affects further environmental quality sectors, namely the environmetal air pollution, water quality and waste management sectors. The study is divided into two main parts. The first part contains a general Vilnius and Kaunas regional survey, environmental protection concept and its interpretation/meaning, also a mission, objectives, structure, legal (business) regulations review of the of the regional environmental protection departments. The second part of the study contains analysis of the main environmental state indicators for the period of the year 2006-2008 in the environmental air pollution, water quality and waste management sectors. Data from the waste management sector is analysed for the period of the year 2005-2006. The meanings of the indicators are explained, regional environmental protection departments' of Vilnius and Kaunas operational characteristics, which could have affected the meanings of the analysed indicators, are explored. The end of the study is comprised of the conclusions and recommendations for the future work of regional environmental protection departments. The conclusions of the study partly disprove the initial hypothesis, which states that the quality control effectiveness of the regional Environmental Protection departaments of Vilnius and Kaunas under the Lithuanian Ministry of Environmental Protection is... [to full text]

The thesis analyses a quality management process in a manufacturing company and offers suggestions and recommendations for improvement. This thesis should assist in more effective quality management process and help company to get a competitive advantage with using TQM method.

The diploma thesis deals with usage of statistical methods to assure capability of production process. The theoretical part includes the definition of quality management, basic statistical concepts and statistical process control. The practical part presents basic information about the company P & L, spol. s r. o. and analyzes the production process of selected parts. The tools of statistical process control are applied and measures to assure capability of production process are proposed.

The master´s thesis deals with the problem of statistical process control. The theoretical part describes the basic quality tools and new quality tools, as a tool for collecting, recording, classifying, and analyzing data. The knowledge gained from the theoretical part are used to describe processes in the company Heat Transfer Systems s.r.o., analyze sticking points, control plans updating and to statistical process control in the organization.

Submitted by Priscila Nascimento (pnascimento@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2012-11-09T17:20:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 darcy-akemi-hokama.pdf: 626817 bytes, checksum: 700e602e893be0cfb2141252bf9c68b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-11-09T17:20:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 darcy-akemi-hokama.pdf: 626817 bytes, checksum: 700e602e893be0cfb2141252bf9c68b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-09 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi a avaliação das melhorias alcançadas no Sistema de Controle de Qualidade de Vacinas produzidas em Bio-Manguinhos, abrangendo o período de 1999 a 2004. Analisamos que uma transferência de tecnologia bem sucedida, como a da vacina contra Haemophilus influenzae(Hib) produzida pela GlaxoSmith-Kline, Bélgica, proporcionou avanços significativos em qualidade. Vários fatoresestudados, como: melhoria no cumprimento às normas de Boas Práticas de Produção e Controle vigentes; o papel do Controle de Qualidade na absorção de tecnologia; investimento em equipamentos analíticos de última geração; captação, capacitação e treinamento de recursos humanos. Os resultados mostraram os altos índices de reprovação no processo produtivo de vacinas durante o ano de 1997, período em que as perdas chegaram a atingir até 23%. As melhorias implementadas nas áreas produtivas e de controle de qualidade, implicaram no aumento significativo do rendimento na produção das vacinas, evidenciado pelas perdas estimadas em apenas 1-3%, durante o período de 1999 a 2004 (exceto em 2000). Avaliamos também que os incrementos no sistema da qualidade não podem ser sustentados, caso não sejam adotadas outras ações essenciais, como a qualificação de fornecedores, uma dificuldade relacionada à complexidade para se adquirir produtos de qualidade, os quais podem estar envolvidos direta ou indiretamente na produção de vacinas. Desta forma, propomos a implementação de um Programa de Qualificação de Fornecedores para Bio-Manguinhos, com o objetivo de se minimizar um fator intrincado na aquisição de materiais e serviços confiáveis e, sobretudo, que garantam a qualidade no processo de fabricação de seus produtos (Vacinas, Biofármacos e Reativos para Diagnóstico). / The current work aimed to evaluate the improvementsoccurred in the Vaccine Quality Control System produced by Bio-Manguinhos from year1999 to 2004. Succeeded technology transfer against Haemophilus influenzatype B (Hib) from GlaxoSmith-Kline, Belgium, has got many improvements on quality system. Various factors were analyzed such as: improvement to meet current Good Manufacturing Practices and Control following procedures; role of Quality Control in technology absorption; investment in new-generation analytical equipments, upgrade and human resources.Results show that after improvement in the system , lost vaccine production that were as high as 23% in 1997, lowered to a range of 1~3% between 1999~2004 (except in 2000), concomitant to enhancement in production mass, what is a very substantial change. Improvements in Quality Control System were not sustainable without observing, for instance, buyingfrom qualified suppliers, one of the actual problems for obtaining proper quality products thatrelate directly or indirectly to vaccine production. From these analyzes we propose to implement Supplier Qualification Program to minimize a serious problem concerning safety material and services (Vaccines, Biopharmaceuticals and Diagnosis Reactives).

Quality, as well as stability of processes check is nowadays gaining on its significance. The main driving force of its increasing importance is the rapid expansion of series production. Large-scale manufacturing processes are concerned, in terms of the number of operators, direct and indirect influence on rejects, but also on process stability. There are several quality characteristics, defined by utility properties, that can be easily measurable (linear dimensions, solidity, elongation, humidity, concentration) or directly immeasurable, mostly subjective (fragrance, taste, color, comfort while using, appearance). Statistical Process Control-SPC features the preventive tool of quality control, because based on the early detection of significant divergences of the process from the predetermined level, it is possible to execute interventions in the process with the aim of maintaining the acceptable and stable level and improving the process. This manufacturing process check will be the topic of my thesis. At first, Shewhart's control charts analysis will be done to determine strong process instability. Consequently, analysis will be carried out in test chi-square, used to determine the influence of each factor on the process of stability (operators, type of shift, type of product, type of defect on the product). All the practical part will be processed in statistical software MINITAB15. The thesis will be complemented by the findings from the examination of the features of interval estimates of parameter p for binomial distribution - numeric stability in the various statistical software (specifically Minitab 15, Statistica, Matlab 7.8.0). Master's thesis was supported by project from MSMT of the Czech Republic no. 1M06047 Center for Quality and Reliability of Production.

Ultraprecision single point diamond turning is required to produce parts with sub-nanometer surface roughness and sub-micrometer surface profiles tolerances. These parts have applications in the optics industry, where tight form accuracy is required while achieving high surface finish quality. Generally, parts can be polished to achieve the desired finish, but then the form accuracy can easily be lost in the process rendering the part unusable. Currently, most mid to low spatial frequency surface finish errors are inspected offline. This is done by physically removing the workpiece from the machining fixture and mounting the part in a laser interferometer. This action introduces errors in itself through minute differences in the support conditions of the over constrained part on a machine as compared to the mounting conditions used for part measurement. Once removed, the fixture induced stresses and the part’s internal residual stresses relax and change the shape of the generally thin parts machined in these applications. Thereby, the offline inspection provides an erroneous description of the performance of the machine. This research explores the use of a single, high resolution, capacitance sensor to quickly and qualitatively measure the low to mid spatial frequencies on the workpiece surface, while it is mounted in a fixture on a standard ultraprecision single point diamond turning machine after a standard facing operation. Following initial testing, a strong qualitative correlation exists between the surface profiling on a standard offline system and this online measuring system. Despite environmental effects and the effects of the machine on the measurement system, the capacitive system with some modifications and awareness of its measurement method is a viable option for measuring mid to low spatial frequencies on a workpiece surface mounted on an ultraprecision machine with a resolution of 1nm with an error band of ±5nm with a 20kHz bandwidth. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)