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A presente dissertação apresenta a reconstrução da história da imigração japonesa para o Amazonas no pós-guerra, suas análises e interpretações nas perspectivas sociais e culturais, esmeriladas por meio de hábitos alimentares. A escolha da delimitação do tema se deve ao fato de que o ato de alimentar para o ser humano não representa somente uma necessidade fisiológica, envolve quesitos, sobretudo relacionados aos aspectos sociais e culturais, que se entrecruzam constituindo um complexo mosaico no interior do processo imigratório. Como fontes primárias, baseou-se especialmente nos relatos orais dos imigrantes, descendentes e não descendentes envolvidos no processo, porém fez-se usos de outras fontes como fotografias, memorial escrito, edições comemorativas, reportagens jornalísticas, pois de acordo com Demartini (2005, p. 91), quando se estuda grupos imigrantes torna-se essencial a diversificação de fontes sejam elas documentos escritos, relatos orais e imagens, especialmente pela riqueza que a complementaridade entre elas pode permitir. Como fundamentação teórica adotou-se os postulados teóricos de Jacques Le Goff (1990) que levanta discussões acerca de memória e história, elementos norteadores desta investigação. / The present dissertation presents the reconstruction of the history of the Japanese immigration to the Amazon in the postwar period, its analysis and interpretations in the social and cultural perspectives, polished by eating habit means. The theme delimitation choice is due to the fact that the feeding act for the human being not only represents a physiological need, but also involves questions mainly related to the social and cultural aspects that are intermingled, constituting a complex mosaic within the Immigration process. As primary sources, it was specially based on oral reports of immigrants, descendants and non-descendants involved in the process. However, uses were made of other sources such as photographs, memorial writing, commemorative issues, journalistic reporting, for according to Demartini (2005, 91), when studying immigrant groups, it is essential to diversify sources, whether they are \"written documents, oral reports or images, especially for the richness that the complementarity between them can allow.\" As theoretical foundation, it was adopted the theoretical postulates of Jacques Le Goff (1990) that raises discussions about memory and history, guiding elements of this investigation.

The main aim of this thesis is to present a lucid summary and a critical evaluation of the (often ambiguous) ancient testimonies concerning the Greek culinary art from the classical up to the imperial era. The sources are divided in two groups. The first one is made up from prosaic works, i. e. cookbooks themselves, specialised treatises and some medical tractates concerned with dietetics and proprieties of foodstuffs. The second group consists of poems on gastronomic themes. A serious problem is constituted by considerable fragmentariness of the extant sources, which in some cases prevents us from making any definite judgments on the sources' content. Attention is paid also to food as such and the diet composition at the time, the whole theme being set in wider social framework. The thesis also incorporates a translation of and commentary on several selected extant receipts.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-01-24T09:36:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiana Lunardelli.pdf: 44680761 bytes, checksum: fd6524ca86505399ec8f30b561fb2600 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T09:36:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiana Lunardelli.pdf: 44680761 bytes, checksum: fd6524ca86505399ec8f30b561fb2600 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo - PUCSP / Between 1 984 and 2011 Catalan chef Ferran Adrià produced something around 1 0,000 documents, including sketches, texts and photos of everything that was produced in El Bulli. Since the the grand opening of the restaurant Epice in São Paulo, led by Chef Alberto Landgraf, all the dishes development, from techniques, suppliers, researches, were recorded in a notebook and posted on the Instagram app. Many other chefs record their processes and eventually post them on Instagram. All these documents are slowly being shown in specialized publications and social networks. Can the reading of these notebooks, with the revelation of all the layers of research involved in the elaboration of a dish and the critical approach of the creative process, offer new elements to the journalists, a more technical look, free from only the personal judgment that floods today’s specialized press? The purpose of this research is to investigate the communicative relation in the creative process of chefs, focusing on the work of Catalan chef Ferran Adrià and chef Alberto Landgraf and also on other chefs that adopted the same type of creative processes recording. The research proposes an understanding of creative processes, that is, how this creation takes place, from the concept of creation as a network under construction, as is presented by Cecília Salles, which has as its theoretical foundation Peircean semiotic line, the network concept of Pierre Musso, in dialogue with thinkers of culture, like Edgar Morim and Iuri Lotman. The research also intends to establish interactions with gastronomy scholars such as Massimo Montanari and Carlos Alberto Dória. As for its methodology, a four-month follow-up of chefAlberto Landgraf's process was carried out and an analysis of the documents will be made, that is, the notebooks and annotations used by the chef in his creative process; analysis of the records made by the Catalan chef during the years of existence of his restaurant El Bulli, as well as documents posted on Instagram by other chefs and interviews conducted by me during the masters degree / Entre os anos de 1 984 e 2011 o chef catalão Ferran Adrià produziu algo em torno de 1 0 mil documentos, entre esboços, textos e fotos de tudo o que foi produzido no El Bulli. Desde a inauguração do restaurante paulistano Epice, comandado pelo chef Alberto Landgraf, todos os pratos desenvolvidos, desde técnicas, fornecedores, buscas, foi registrado em um caderno e divulgado no aplicativo Instagram. Inúmeros outros chefs de cozinha registram seus processos e eventualmente publicam no aplicativo Instagram. Todos esses documentos produzidos aos poucos vem sendo mostrados em publicações especializadas e redes sociais. A leitura desses cadernos, com a revelação das inúmeras camadas de pesquisa que envolvem a elaboração de um prato e a abordagem critica do processo criativo, pode oferecer para os jornalistas de gastronomia novos elementos, um olhar mais técnico, livre de somente julgamentos pessoais que atualmente inundam a imprensa especializada? O objetivo dessa pesquisa é investigar as relações comunicativas no processo de criação dos chefs de cozinha, com foco no trabalho do chef catalão Ferran Adrià e do chef Alberto Landgraf em diálogo com outros chefs que adotam o mesmo tipo de registro de seus processos criativos. A pesquisa é uma proposta de leitura dos processos criativos, ou seja, de como se dá esse percurso de criação, a partir do conceito de criação como rede em construção, como é apresentado por Cecília Salles, entendimento que tem como fundamentação teórica a semiótica de linha peirceana, o conceito de rede de Pierre Musso, em diálogo com pensadores da cultura, como Edgar Morim e Iuri Lotman. A tese pretende também estabelecer interações com os estudiosos de gastronomia como Massimo Montanari e Carlos Alberto Dória. Quanto a metodologia, foi feito o acompanhamento durante quatro meses do processo de criação do chefAlberto Landgraf e será feita a análise dos documentos de processo, ou seja, dos cadernos produzidos pelo chef durante seu processo criativo; análise dos registros produzidos pelo chef catalão durante os anos de existência do seu restaurante El Bulli, assim como os documentos divulgados no Instagram por alguns chefs, documentários e entrevistas realizadas por mim durante o mestrado

<p><p></p><p>This dissertation posits that Nouvelle Cuisine brings together two of the most powerful cultural forces involved in constituting French national identity: food and revolution. As a result of this privileged position, Nouvelle Cuisine offers scholars a particularly rich object of study that can be related to larger issues at play in the formation and performance of national identity. In this work, I will argue that the revolutionary rhetoric used in the articulation of Nouvelle Cuisine serves several distinct and, at times, oppositional purposes. On the one hand, the revolutionary rhetoric is intended to create a break with a tumultuous and painful past, while asserting a new paradigm of national strength. On the other hand, however, the revolutionary rhetoric of equality and freedom also somewhat paradoxically participates in and supports the dark side of democracy, which includes but is not limited to behind-the-scenes jockeying for power and the elimination of groups that threaten or curtail either the power at the top or the legitimacy of the revolution itself. </p><p></p></p><p><p></p><p>This work will also argue that because of the very malleability of the revolutionary rhetoric and because French cuisine is considered such an important expression of the French nation, Nouvelle Cuisine and the contemporaneous culinary discourse transforms France's fine dining domain into a sort of theatre where national attitudes are not only represented to a socially diverse French public, but where the public itself is invited to participate in this performance of the nation: rehearsing, refining, and rejecting what it means to be French and, as a result, projecting both aspirations and anxieties of nationhood through this culinary landscape. </p><p></p></p><p><p></p><p>In writing this dissertation, I have drawn heavily on my training in literary studies, but have tried as much as possible to allow the subject matter to dictate an inclusive and interdisciplinary approach. I engage frequently with a wide variety of scholars such as Homi Bhabha, Roland Barthes, Michel Winock, Jean-Robert Pitte, Claude Fischler, and Stephen Mennell. Consequently, my argument places the classic literary tools of linguistic and semiotic methods alongside investigations that call on cultural studies, history, anthropology, sociology, political philosophy, and of course food studies. I use cookbooks, guidebooks, newspapers, magazines, menus, interviews, and multiple editions of the <italic>Larousse Gastronomique</italic> to provide first and foremost the context but also the evidence for this dissertation. I concentrate the bulk of my critical energies on the food and leisure magazine <italic>Le Nouveau Guide</italic> (founded by food critics Henri Gault and Christian Millau) and the cookbook series entitled "Les Recettes Originales de...", paying particular attention to Nouvelle Cuisine foundational chefs Paul Bocuse and Michel Gu&eacute;rard. </p><p></p></p><p><p></p><p>The narrative of Nouvelle Cuisine is equivocal, but it does not defy conclusions. My final analysis in this dissertation is that in the production and articulation of Nouvelle Cuisine, we see how food and revolution are used to reorganize the hierarchies and composition of a society. We see a reorganization that restores bourgeois, patriarchal values and clings to a hexagonal interpretation of France that prioritizes resistance over incorporation. We see a revolution that is perhaps less the French Revolution than the July Revolution. We see a revolution that is an alibi for restoration.</p><p></p></p> / Dissertation

The primary purpose of this research was to examine a group of fourteen chefs, half male and half female, to determine the differences in the way male and female chefs do their job. To get an understanding of the perceptions of the chefs I conducted in-depth interviews with seven male chefs and seven female chefs. Definite differences were found in the way the chefs perceived their roles in the kitchen as well as how they managed their kitchens as a whole. Female chefs tended to manage their kitchens more collaboratively, thus creating and fostering a less emotional environment. Lack of emotionality in the kitchen is valuable in order to keep the staff performing optimally and to reduce disruptions during service. Female chefs were also greatly interested in creating an overall emotional experience for both their employees and the diners at their restaurants. Women seemed to appreciate fundamental social interactions they experienced as part of being a chef. The women discussed working on their own emotions as a way to keep the kitchen on an even keel. Men, on the other hand, tended to expect employees to control their own emotions and discussed controlling their employees, which reflected a more hierarchical approach to their managerial style. Male chefs were more concerned with their image as chefs and how people perceived their food rather than cultivating a particular environment for the diners. Both male and female chefs believed their approaches were effective in managing the kitchen. In a male-dominated profession that is traditionally masculinized, female chefs did not have to run their kitchens in a fashion similar to men; rather they tended to work in collaborative terms congruent with the expectations of the female gender role. Because the women worked in a more communal fashion, they relied more heavily on emotional labor to support and motivate their employees. Male chefs expected their employees to be responsible for their own behavior and tended to suggest separation from their employees rather than exhibiting an empathetic approach to their managerial styles.

The proliferation of niche cable programming in the U.S. post-network era includes a meteoric rise in food television. Indicative of this move toward an increase in food-related programming is the recent unveiling of the cable offering Cooking Channel. Creators behind Cooking Channel have worked to establish a distinct brand, describing the channel as a place for “food people” who are authentically and passionately “interested in upping their food IQ” (Scripps). The discourse surrounding the Cooking Channel launch is further complicated by the fact that men have an ostensibly larger presence on the channel. Men are featured in promotional spots, press releases, and on programs that take viewers on quests to increase their cultural food capital. This project works to unravel the gendered discourses surrounding the U.S. launch of Cooking Channel, asserting that the discursive site of the foodie is leveraged in an attempt to construct a foodie identity via gendered social distinction processes. The project initially analyzes the paratextual dialogue produced by mainstream press in order to highlight the negotiation among voices charged with creating the channel’s brand. The press – spearheaded by Cooking Channel parent Scripps Networks Interactive – provides an introduction to the channel that invokes consumption of new foodie content and a streamlined branding process that is divided along historically gendered binaries. The project then considers the ideological structures that underpin Cooking Channel’s programming and reinforce its identity as steeped in the pervasiveness of perpetual normative gender ideology. In turn, the final portion of the project uproots normative and hegemonic ideals with its focus on gender liminality, considering Cooking Channel as a conflicted site of negotiation that reflects shifting discourses of masculinity and femininity. These analyses merge to form a compelling look at how gender is situated in Cooking Channel’s construction of a niche cable brand. / text

A presente dissertação apresenta a reconstrução da história da imigração japonesa para o Amazonas no pós-guerra, suas análises e interpretações nas perspectivas sociais e culturais, esmeriladas por meio de hábitos alimentares. A escolha da delimitação do tema se deve ao fato de que o ato de alimentar para o ser humano não representa somente uma necessidade fisiológica, envolve quesitos, sobretudo relacionados aos aspectos sociais e culturais, que se entrecruzam constituindo um complexo mosaico no interior do processo imigratório. Como fontes primárias, baseou-se especialmente nos relatos orais dos imigrantes, descendentes e não descendentes envolvidos no processo, porém fez-se usos de outras fontes como fotografias, memorial escrito, edições comemorativas, reportagens jornalísticas, pois de acordo com Demartini (2005, p. 91), quando se estuda grupos imigrantes torna-se essencial a diversificação de fontes sejam elas documentos escritos, relatos orais e imagens, especialmente pela riqueza que a complementaridade entre elas pode permitir. Como fundamentação teórica adotou-se os postulados teóricos de Jacques Le Goff (1990) que levanta discussões acerca de memória e história, elementos norteadores desta investigação. / The present dissertation presents the reconstruction of the history of the Japanese immigration to the Amazon in the postwar period, its analysis and interpretations in the social and cultural perspectives, polished by eating habit means. The theme delimitation choice is due to the fact that the feeding act for the human being not only represents a physiological need, but also involves questions mainly related to the social and cultural aspects that are intermingled, constituting a complex mosaic within the Immigration process. As primary sources, it was specially based on oral reports of immigrants, descendants and non-descendants involved in the process. However, uses were made of other sources such as photographs, memorial writing, commemorative issues, journalistic reporting, for according to Demartini (2005, 91), when studying immigrant groups, it is essential to diversify sources, whether they are \"written documents, oral reports or images, especially for the richness that the complementarity between them can allow.\" As theoretical foundation, it was adopted the theoretical postulates of Jacques Le Goff (1990) that raises discussions about memory and history, guiding elements of this investigation.