With the coming of digital times, global competition resulted in every industry expanding their requirements in supply chain integration and enterprise resource planning. The importance of information system integration industries also increases with time. When all kind of industries continues to integrate supply chain and establish cooperative partnerships, trying to exploit cooperation to acquire more competencies in the market, we want to know whether the information system integration industries establish their cooperative relationship. Therefore, our study tried to review the actives and relationship between integrators by the systems integration service process. Through the theory¡¦s guiding, we attend to induce the factors of inter-firm cooperation in system integration industries. We use multiple case study to design our research¡Aand select three cases to study. Semi-structural interview is used to collect needed data to understand the true cooperative relationship between integrators. According to transaction cost theory, resource-base theory and social exchange theory, we propose some theoretical propositions to guiding the real cases analysis. The conclusions not only describe the real cooperation in Taiwan system integration industries, but also induce several factors of cooperative relationship between integrators, including product characteristics, transaction cost, resource, trust and guanxi. Moreover, the transaction cost is the most important element in the cooperative relationship between information system integrators.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PioMSN_DISSERT.pdf: 2830138 bytes, checksum: 737450f15531b31ddf5b0d613765afbc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-11 / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte / We are observing, particurlarly in the last two decades an aggravation of social problems inherent in contemporary society, such as high rates of unereloyment and social exclusion. In this context, the social economy appears as an alternative to generate employment and income, especially for the country man through the production and distribution of developed products in a collective way where the actions of cooperation gain significant importance this study aims to determine how the collective actions affect the sustainability of cooperative socio-political and economic developments of the economy and so it was adopted a methodology of multiple case study in three organizations in the apiculture sector of Rio Grande do Norte the Beekeepers Association of S?o Rafael City (AAMSR); Beekeepers Association of Serra do Mel (APISMEL) and Family Agriculture Cooperative of Apodi (COOAFAP). To evaluate relationship in collaborative ventures solidarity it is constructed a matrix that identify and develop relationship in the organization and, to measure the level of sustainability of these ventures are calculated the indices of socio-political sustainability and economic sustainability. The research results shows a fully collaborative relationship in all cases based on factors such as effective communication between beekeepers involved/and also cooperated with these organization; availability of beekeepers to perform adjustments in production process; an organizational culture focused on collaboration and high level of situation described above and taking into account that the business of solidarity economy better positioned in the matrix of relationships are those that have best indices of sustainability, it is evidence the importance of collaborative relationships for the sustainability of joint ventures / Estamos assistindo, nas duas ?ltimas d?cadas, a um agravamento dos problemas sociais na sociedade contempor?nea, altas taxas de desemprego e a exclus?o social. Neste contexto, a economia solid?ria apresenta-se como uma alternativa de gera??o de trabalho e renda, para o homem do campo, atrav?s da produ??o e a distribui??o de produtos desenvolvidos de forma coletiva, onde as a??es de coopera??o ganham expressiva import?ncia. Este estudo tem por objetivo determinar como as a??es coletivas de coopera??o influenciam na sustentabilidade s?cio-pol?tica e econ?mica de empreendimentos de economia solid?ria. A metodologia adotada foi um estudo de caso m?ltiplo em tr?s organiza??es associativas do setor ap?cola do Rio Grande do Norte a Associa??o de Apicultores do Munic?pio de S?o Rafael (AAMSR); a Associa??o de Apicultores de Serra do Mel (APISMEL) e a Cooperativa da Agricultura Familiar de Apodi (COOAFAP). Para avaliar o relacionamento colaborativo nos empreendimentos solid?rios foi constru?da uma matriz que identifica como desenvolve-se os relacionamentos com e na organiza??o associativa, para mensurar o n?vel de sustentabilidade destes empreendimentos foram calculados os ?ndices de sustentabilidade s?cio-pol?tica e sustentabilidade econ?mica. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram a exist?ncia de um relacionamento colaborativo pleno em todos os casos estudados baseados em fatores como: comunica??o eficaz entre os apicultores associados/cooperados e tamb?m destes com suas organiza??es; disponibilidades dos apicultores para realizar adapta??es no processo produtivo; cultura organizacional voltada para a colabora??o e o elevado n?vel de satisfa??o dos apicultores em estarem fazendo parte dos empreendimentos solid?rios. Considerando que os empreendimentos de economia solid?rio melhor posicionado na matriz de relacionamento foram aqueles que obtiveram os melhores ?ndices de sustentabilidade, fica evidenciada a import?ncia dos relacionamentos colaborativos para a sustentabilidade dos empreendimentos solid?rios

國際貿易對臺灣經濟有著舉足輕重的影響力，然而隨著貿易商競爭越發激烈以及去中間化之議題逐漸興起，臺灣的貿易商為了提升競爭力逐漸轉型，使自身企業之價值更加提升。貿易商轉型後之角色，以銷售代理商為被學者探討最多之主題，研究者認為採購的角色也是交易不容忽視的另一方，因此本研究以國際採購代理商為研究主題，探討採購代理商如何保有競爭力，吸引客戶與其合作，以及如何在與客戶合作時發揮中間商之功能與價值。 　　本研究之研究問題為：「哪些因素會影響國際採購代理商與客戶合作之內容?」，經過文獻探討及研究者之採購經驗歸納，本研究整理出五類因素影響採購代理商與客戶之合作內容：(1)外國客戶之合作動機；(2)外國客戶之策略與資源；(3)採購代理商之策略與資源；(4)採購代理商與外國客戶之合作成果；(5)採購代理商與外國客戶之合作關係。本研究以個案研究法進行研究，並搜尋次級資料及實際訪問採購代理商與採購協會來進行個案分析及整理，進而提出結論與建議，期望本研究結果對於採購代理商之業者及欲轉型為採購代理商之業者具參考價值。 　　透過資料蒐集及個案訪談之結果，本研究之研究結果支持研究初期所設計之研究架構。外國客戶之合作動機、外國客戶之策略與資源與採購代理商之策略與資源會影響雙方之合作內容與方式，合作之結果有可能是好的或不好的，也有糾紛發生的情形，這些合作結果會影響雙方之合作關係，而關係的強化、弱化會影響下次的合作內容，或是產生停止合作的結果。本研究依據研究發現，整理五類因素之內容，以供業者參考。本研究建議業者須發展企業自身之獨特核心資源，並建立與客戶及供應商夥伴關係，以持續保有自身之競爭力。 / International trade has decisive influences over Taiwan’s economy. As competition between traders has become more intense, and companies are taking consideration about disintermediation, Taiwan’s traders need to transform themselves to enhance their values and strengths for competiveness. Sales agents are the most popular role for this kind of research topic; however, the author thinks purchasing agents are also important. This research aims at studying how international purchasing agents remains their competitiveness to attract their clients and display their functions and values as middlemen. The research question is “How purchasing agents cooperate with their clients?” According literature review and purchasing experience from the author, the research summarizes five cooperation influential factors between purchasing agents and clients: (1) incentives for clients working with purchasing agents, (2) strategies and resources of clients, (3) strategies and resources of purchasing agents, (4) results of cooperation between purchasing agents and clients, and (5) relations between purchasing agents and clients. The research used case study method with collecting information and visiting target companies and institute to analyze and organize summery along with suggestion. The purpose of the research is giving valuable reference for purchasing agents and those who will become purchasing agents. After analyzing related information and visiting target companies and institute, the result of the research supports the research framework. Incentives for clients working with purchasing agents, strategies and resources of clients and strategies and resources of purchasing agents influence ways and contents of cooperation between two parties. Results of cooperation may be positive or negative, and even disputes can occur between two parties. These results will strengthen, weaken or even end cooperative relationship between purchasing agents and clients. According to research findings, the author summarizes contents of five cooperative influential factors between purchasing agents and clients for reference. The research suggests purchasing agents should develop their core resources and built up relations with clients and suppliers for maintaining their competitiveness.

本研究旨在以師資培育機構與中等學校教育實習機構合作關係作實証性之研究；研究對象包括師資培育機構之教育學程中心主任或實習輔導處(室)主任、實習指導教師、實習學校之行政人員（校長、教務主任、訓導主任、輔導主任、教學組長）、實習輔導教 師、實習教師。研究方法包括問卷調查法及訪問調查法，發出問卷調查有1000份，回收率為68.3%；另外訪談對象有師資培育機構人員二位、高中校長一位暨實習教師二位。 本研究結果顯示：（一）由雙方合作關係現況分析得知：1.全體受試在合作現況的 評定順序依次是：(l)教育實習；(2)設備資源；(3)教師發展。2.師資培育機構與實習學校之合作關係成功的關鍵因素是明確定位雙方權利、義務關係暨雙方具有誠懇的態度。3.「教育合作契約書」內涵實習教師未能了解或者沒有看到。4.實習學校校長對師資培育機構之態度不滿意。5.師資培育機構與實習學校合作關係之內涵認為彼此接觸太少。6.實習指導教師工作繁重，無法落實教育實習輔導制度。（二）由雙方合作關係現況差異性分析得知：1.在合作現況之差異中顯示在「設備資源」項目上中、南、東部實習學校及私立師資培育機構有比較劣勢之表現。2.實習教師對於雙方合作關係持負面反應。（三）由雙方合作關係需求分析得知：1.全體受試在合作需求的評定順序是：(1)教師發展；(2)教育實習；(3)教學課程。2.師資培育機構宜成立重點實習學校發展暨區域性教育輔導中心。3.實習學校掌握「平等與互惠」原則能使雙方合作關係穩定又良好。4.實習輔導教師給予實習輔導教師津貼補助，才能獲得尊重並給予物質上之補貼。（四）由雙方合作關係需求差異性分析得知：1.在個別受試背景之優先需求得知：(1)師資培育機構人員在教育實習、研究發展有較高的需求。(2)實習學校行政人員在教師發展、行政服務的需求較高。(3)實習輔導教師暨實習教師在教師發展、行政服務的需求較高。（五）由調查實習輔導制度所衍生的問題分析得知：1.師資培育課程宜注重班級經營技巧之訓練。2.落實實習輔導制度評量工作。3.實習教師對於師資培育機構舉辦之各項研習活動肯定其功能。4.全職實習教師心態不平衡。5.從個別意見調查中顯示實習教師對雙方合作關係持較負向的觀感。6.從供需差距之認知中發現實習教師、實習輔導教師、實習學校行政人員對於「實習學校訂定獎勵辦法」有共同看法。本研究之成果可瞭解師資培育機構與中等學校教育實習機構合作關係現況暨合作關係需求與其差異性，並提出具體改進建議，以為未來教育界之參考。 / The purpose of the study is to make an empirical survey on the cooperative relationship between teacher training institutions and intern institutions of secondary schools. The respondents of the study include the dean of the center the educational program center, the dean of intem-guide center in the teacher training institution, intern master teachers, administration of intern school institution (inclusive of the principal, the academic dean, the dean of students, the dean of the consultant center, and the executor of educational plans), teacher training institution mentors, and intern teachers. The methods of the study contain both the method of the questionnaire and that of the semi-structured interview, issuing 1,000 copies of the questionnaire. The percentage of the returned questionnaires mounts to 68.3 percentage. Other respondents are two personnel in the teacher training institution, one principal in senior high school, and two intern teachers.The result of the study shows: A. According to the analysis of the appearances between their cooperative relationship: 1. The orders of the appearances about cooperative relationship judges from the entire respondent: (1) internship; (2) facility resources; (3) teachers' development. 2. The keys of successfully cooperative relationship between the teacher training institution and the intern school are based on the definite relationship between their rights and responsibilities as well we their sincere attitudes. 3. Intern teachers cannot understand or don't see the content of the contract about educational cooperation. 4. The principal of the intern school is discontent with the attitude of the teacher training institution. 5. The frequency of their contacts may frustrate the expectation of the content about the cooperative relationship. 6. The intern-guide system cannot work efficiently due to the intern master teachers' overwork. B. According to the analysis of differences between their cooperative relationship: 1. About the differences of the cooperative appearance on "facility resources",Central, Southern, Eastern intern schools, and private teacher training institutions have inferior performances. 2. The intern teachers hold negative attitudes toward the cooperative relationship. C. According to the analysis on the demand of the cooperative relationship: 1. The orders of the cooperative relationship demand from all the respondents: (1)teacher's development; (2) internship; (3) teaching curriculum; (4) administration service. 2. Teacher training institutions should set up key-point intern school and develop regional inter-guide center. 3. Intern school stick to the principle of equality as well as mutual benefits can make their cooperative relationship stable and well. 4. Teacher training institutions should give teacher training institution mentors reasonable allowance so as to own their respects and compensate them on the material. D. According to the analysis on the difference of the cooperative relationship: 1. The individual respondent's superior demand shows:(1) Teacher training institutions have higher demand on internship and study development. (2) Administration of intern school has higher demands on teachers' development and administration service. (3) Teacher training institution mentors and intern teachers have higher demands on teachers' development and administration service. E.According to the analysis of questions derived from the investigation of intern-guide system: 1. Teacher training curriculum should put emphasis on the developing the skills of classroom management. 2. It is important to activate the evaluation system about the intern-guide system. 3. Intern teachers should hold positive viewpoint on the research conferences held by teacher training institutions. 4. Full-time intern teachers' minds are unbalance- able. (or Full-time teacher cannot keep their minds balance.) 5. From the personal opinion, it shows that the intern teachers hold the negative view on cooperative relationship. 6. From the difference on demand ad supply, we realize that intern teachers, intern master teacher and administration mentor of internship have the identical viewpoint on " setting up rewards schemes for schools of internship". Through the investigation and the results of the study, we can understand the cooperative relationship between teacher training institutions and intern institution of secondary school accompanied by their demand and difference on the relationship.In addition, I sincerely hope my study can offer some constructive suggestions for future study.