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Technical effeciency in maize production by small-scale farmers in Ga-Mothiba, Limpopo Province, South AfricaBaloyi, Rebecca Tshilambilu January 2011 (has links)
Thesis (M.Agric. (Agricultural Economics)) --University of Limpopo, 2011 / Maize is the most important cereal crop grown in South Africa. This crop is produced throughout the country under diverse environments. The study only focuses on the technical efficiency because it is an important subject in developing agriculture where resources are limited, but high population growth is very common. Technical efficiency is the ability of a farmer to obtain output from a given set of physical inputs. Farmers have a tendency of under and/or over- utilising the factors of production.
The main aim of this study was to analyse the technical efficiency of small-scale maize producers in Ga-Mothiba rural community of Limpopo Province. The objective of the study was to determine the level of technical efficiency of small- scale maize producers and to identify the socio-economic characteristics that influence technical efficiency of small-scale maize producers in Ga-Mothiba. Purposive and Snowball sampling techniques were used to collect primary data from 120 small-scale farmers. Cobb-Douglas production function was used to determine the level of technical efficiency and Logistic regression model was used to analyse the variables that have influence the technical efficiency of maize production.
Cobb-Douglas results reveal that small-scale farmers in Ga-Mothiba are experiencing technical inefficiency in maize production due to the decreasing return to scale, which means they are over-utilising factors of production. Logistic regression results indicate that out of 13 variables included in the analysis as socio-economic factors, 10 of them (level of education, income of the household on monthly basis, farmer`s farming experience, farm size, cost of tractor hours, fertiliser application, purchased hybrid maize seeds, membership to farmers` organisation, is maize profitable) were found to be significant and 3 (gender, age and hired labour) are non-significant. However, farm size was found to be the most significant variable at 99% level, showing a positive relationship to small- scale maize producer`s technical efficiency.Therefore, it is recommended that government should do the on-farm training since farmers mainly depend on trial and error and farmers` should have access to enough arable land and tractor services. However, farmers need to be trained on matters relating to fertiliser application, on the amount of seeds a farmer should apply per ha, and the importance of using hybrid seed.
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Technical effeciency in maize production by small-scale farmers in Ga-Mothiba, Limpopo Province, South AfricaBaloyi, Rebecca Tshelambilu January 2011 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc. Agric.) --University of Limpopo, 2011 / Maize is the most important cereal crop grown in South Africa. This crop is produced throughout the country under diverse environments. The study only focuses on the technical efficiency because it is an important subject in developing agriculture where resources are limited, but high population growth is very common. Technical efficiency is the ability of a farmer to obtain output from a given set of physical inputs. Farmers have a tendency of under and/or over- utilising the factors of production.
The main aim of this study was to analyse the technical efficiency of small-scale maize producers in Ga-Mothiba rural community of Limpopo Province. The objective of the study was to determine the level of technical efficiency of small- scale maize producers and to identify the socio-economic characteristics that influence technical efficiency of small-scale maize producers in Ga-Mothiba. Purposive and Snowball sampling techniques were used to collect primary data from 120 small-scale farmers. Cobb-Douglas production function was used to determine the level of technical efficiency and Logistic regression model was used to analyse the variables that have influence the technical efficiency of maize production.
Cobb-Douglas results reveal that small-scale farmers in Ga-Mothiba are experiencing technical inefficiency in maize production due to the decreasing return to scale, which means they are over-utilising factors of production. Logistic regression results indicate that out of 13 variables included in the analysis as socio-economic factors, 10 of them (level of education, income of the household on monthly basis, farmer`s farming experience, farm size, cost of tractor hours, fertiliser application, purchased hybrid maize seeds, membership to farmers` organisation, is maize profitable) were found to be significant and 3 (gender, age and hired labour) are non-significant. However, farm size was found to be the
most significant variable at 99% level, showing a positive relationship to small- scale maize producer`s technical efficiency.
Therefore, it is recommended that government should do the on-farm training since farmers mainly depend on trial and error and farmers` should have access to enough arable land and tractor services. However, farmers need to be trained on matters relating to fertiliser application, on the amount of seeds a farmer should apply per ha, and the importance of using hybrid seed.
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Farmers' perceptions of community-based seed production schemes in Polokwane and Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipalities, LimpopoPhala, Mahlatse January 2019 (has links)
Thesis (M. A. Agricultural Management (Agricultural Extension)) -- University of Limpopo, 2019 / Smallholder farmers’ need for regular supply of adequate, quality and affordable seed led
to the establishments of Community-Based Maize Seed Production Schemes (CBSPSs) in
most developing countries, including South Africa. In view of the important influence of
perception on the adoption and continued use of an innovation, this study was undertaken
to evaluate farmers’ perceptions of CBSPSs in Polokwane and Lepelle-Nkumpi Local
Municipalities of Limpopo province. The conceptualization of perception used in this study
was based on the Düvel (1991) framework. The evaluation focused on whether planting
the scheme’s main product, improved Open-Pollinated Varieties (improved OPV maize)
seed meets farmers’ needs based on their perceptions and the extent of farmers’ planting
of improved OPV maize. A census approach was used in view of the small numbers of
seed producers in the schemes; all scheme members (50) were, therefore, interviewed
between 27 March and 21 April 2017. To allow for comparison, an equal number of
farmers (50) who were not members of the scheme were also interviewed. Data was
collected from farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential
statistics were applied to analyze the data using SPSS software. A binary logistic model
was used to analyze factors that influence farmer perceptions on OPV benefits. The study
findings showed that there is a significant relationship between awareness knowledge of
improved OPV maize and planting of improved OPV maize. Furthermore, the results
showed that farmers perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of improved OPV
maize seed were not different among scheme and non-scheme members as they were all
in agreement that improved OPV maize have more benefits than their own previously
recycled seeds. Finally, findings showed that respondents municipality and scheme
membership had a significant, effect on the positive perception of planting improved OPV
maize seeds. Other explanatory variables such as sex, farming experience, years of
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schooling, farm size, income and age of participants had no significant effect on farmer
perceptions. It is therefore recommended that improved OPV maize be made widely
available and promoted based on its advantages to enhance its adoption. Future studies
on these seed schemes could look into the production and financial analysis of CBSPSs to
ascertain their profitability and sustainability. / Agricultural Research Council (ARC)
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Planejamento da produção e da logística para empresas produtoras de sementes de milho.Junqueira, Rogério de Ávila Ribeiro 23 May 2006 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2006-05-23 / The production of corn seeds involves a complex agro-industrial
production chain whose main agents must offer products of high quality and low price
to stay competitive. Efficient tools to coordinate this chain are thus essential to fulfill
these conditions. This work proposes a linear programming model for the strategic
planning of production, storing and transportation, designed to minimize production,
transportation and tax costs. The model is a function of crop planning, capacity and
client demand restrictions. Although relevant to the product s final cost, taxes are not
traditionally considered by the planning methods currently used by the seed industry.
The raw material is generally sent to the industrial unit closest to the farm; proximity to
the end consumer is of secondary importance. The main productive processes and
features of the seed industry described here are based on literature and visits to plants
that produce corn seeds. The mathematical model detailed in this work is implemented
using the GAMS programming language and the resulting system of equations solved
with CPLEX. The model was validated by using different scenarios with real-world data
collected during the visits to the plants; the results were consistent with those expected.
Next, the results given by the model of a case study with data for an entire season were
compared against those obtained by one of the companies employing the traditional
method of shortest distance between farm and industrial unit. The proposed model
showed a substantial decrease in total cost when compared to the traditional method.
This study also confirmed the importance of integrating taxes with production and
transportation planning at the logistics level. / A produção de sementes de milho envolve uma cadeia de produção
agroindustrial complexa cujos agentes devem primar por oferecer produtos de alta
qualidade a um baixo custo para se manterem competitivos no mercado. Instrumentos
eficientes para a coordenação dessa cadeia são fundamentais para atender a esta
exigência, orientando seus agentes para o cumprimento dos objetivos comuns. Neste
trabalho um modelo de programação linear é proposto para realizar o planejamento
tático da produção, estocagem e de transportes de forma a minimizar custos de
produção, transportes e fiscais, atendendo ao mesmo tempo às restrições de
programação da colheita, de capacidade e de demanda. Tradicionalmente, não são
considerados nos métodos de planejamento do setor custos fiscais, como o de ICMS,
que se mostram relevantes no custo unitário do produto final. A matéria-prima, em
geral, é enviada para a unidade mais próxima ao campo de produção agrícola, deixandose
para um segundo plano a proximidade da demanda. As principais características do
processo produtivo e do setor são descritas de acordo com a literatura e visitas a
empresas produtoras de sementes. Utilizou-se a linguagem GAMS e o solver CPLEX
para resolver o modelo matemático. O modelo foi implementado e testado com dados
realistas das empresas visitadas em diferentes cenários, verificando-se coerência nas
respostas obtidas. Realizou-se um estudo de caso em uma das empresas estudadas
utilizando-se os dados completos de uma safra e os resultados obtidos com o modelo
proposto foram comparados com o método empregado na empresa, que considerava
apenas a menor distância entre a região agrícola e a unidade industrial. Os resultados
dessa comparação foram bastante satisfatórios, proporcionando uma redução
significativa dos custos considerados. Além disso, foi confirmada, também para este
caso, a importância de incorporar os custos fiscais na disciplina de logística integrando
planejamento tributário com o de produção e dos transportes.
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