The motivation of this thesis is to provide a basic framework for treating long-range cross-correlated processes while keeping the methodology and as- sumptions as general as possible. Starting from the definition of long-range cross-correlated processes as jointly stationary processes with asymptotically power-law decaying cross-correlation function, we show that such definition implies a divergent at origin cross-power spectrum and power-law scaling of covariances of partial sums of the long-range cross-correlated processes. Chap- ter 2 describes these and other basic definitions and propositions together with necessary proofs. Chapter 3 then introduces several processes which possess long-range cross-correlated series properties. Apart from cases when the mem- ory parameter of the bivariate memory is a simple average of the parameters of the separate processes, we also introduce a new kind of process, which we call the mixed-correlated ARFIMA, which allows to control for both the bi- variate and univariate memory parameters. Chapter 4 deals with tests for a presence of long-range cross-correlations. We develop three new tests, and Monte-Carlo-simulation-based statistical power and size of the tests are com- pared. The newly introduced tests strongly surpass the already existing one. In Chapter 5,...

Submitted by Dilene Paulo (dilene.fatima@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-03-20T14:02:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 THAYS NOGUUEIRA RODRIGUES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 2017.pdf: 3647526 bytes, checksum: 1eb7aeb580495b958b5f2e74b27bcff1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T14:02:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 THAYS NOGUUEIRA RODRIGUES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 2017.pdf: 3647526 bytes, checksum: 1eb7aeb580495b958b5f2e74b27bcff1 (MD5) / CNPq / O ensaio California Bearing Ratio (CBR) “in situ” determina a capacidade de suporte das camadas dos pavimentos, apresenta resultados mais representativos do que os obtidos em laboratório por serem as amostras ensaiadas em condições reais de umidade e confinamento. Entretanto o ensaio envolve equipamentos pesados que dificultam a locomoção e instalação, tornando-o oneroso. O Light Weight Deflectometer (LWD) é um ensaio não destrutivo realizado “in situ” que fornece o módulo de deformabilidade dinâmico do solo. A sua utilização na avaliação de camadas de pavimentos tem sido impulsionada devido à simplicidade de execução e portabilidade do equipamento. Portanto, este trabalho objetiva comparar os resultados de índice de CBR e módulo de deformabilidade, ambos obtidos in situ, por meio de análise de regressão, com o intuito de avaliar a utilização de um equipamento simplificado e de baixo custo de realização de ensaio na determinação da capacidade estrutural das camadas de subleitos. A fase experimental desta pesquisa consistiu inicialmente na escolha de ruas não pavimentadas que estivessem distribuídas na cidade de Campina Grande, em seguida foram realizados “in situ” os ensaios de LWD, CBR, peso específico aparente e coleta de amostras para a realização em laboratório dos ensaios de caracterização, compactação e CBR. Posteriormente as análises de regressão foram realizas a fim de obter uma Equação que correlacionasse o valor do módulo de deformabilidade com o valor do índice de CBR “in situ”. De modo geral, a pesquisa mostrou que há uma tendência de comportamento semelhante entre os parâmetros de deformabilidade e capacidade de suporte obtido a partir dos LWD e CBR “in situ”, e uma correlação pôde ser estabelecida para que se pudesse prever o valor da capacidade de suporte de camadas do subleito “in situ” a partir da realização do ensaio LWD de forma confiável, facilitando assim a obtenção deste parâmetro geotécnico a partir de um ensaio de fácil execução, mais rápido e menos dispendioso. / The CBR "in situ" test determinates the bearing capacity of the pavement layers and it’s performed on the field, which results that are more representative than those obtained in the laboratory because the samples are tested under real conditions of moisture and containment. However, this assay involves heavy equipments which make the process is harder in terms of locomotion and installation and consequently making him more expensive. The development of new methodologies of pavement sizing (empirical-mechanistic models) makes it necessary to evaluate the characteristics of the materials that constitute the pavement, from an investigation that can predict the behavior of these materials whereas the tension-deformation stage, caused by the passage of vehicles. The Light Weight Deflectometer (LWD) it’s a non destructive test conducted “in situ” that provides the dynamic soil deformability modulus. The use of this module in the assessment of pavement layers has been stimulated due to the simplicity of the execution and the portability of the equipment. Therefore, this work aims to compare the index results of CBR and deformability module, both obtained “in situ”, through regression analysis, in order to rate the use of a cheaper and simplified equipment to perform a test in the determination of the structural capacity of the subgrade layers. The experimental stage of this research is based on: the choice of the unpaved streets along the city of Campina Grande; the perform “in situ” of the LWD test, CBR “in situ” and the Apparent specific mass “in situ”; sample collections; were carried out in situ. Description of soils in laboratory and analysis of correlations. Altogether, the research shows that there is a trend of similar behavior between parameters of deformability and support capacity obtained from LWD and CBR “in situ”, respectively, and a correlation could be established so that we can predict the value of the layers support capacity of subgrade “in situ” from the performance of the LWD assay in a reliable way, thus facilitating the achievement of this geotechnical parameter from an easy-to-execute, faster and less expensive test.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Agriculture modernization, which stimulated the development of agricultural in countries like Brazil, influenced coconut palms move to unusual areas. Consequently, in order to find more adaptive crops and to reduce negative impacts on the environment, the need for awareness of the environmental influence in this plantation growth became real. With this view, this paper aimed to study the reproductive and vegetative behavior of four cultivars of dwarf coconut palms: the Malayan Yellow Dwarf (MYD), the Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD), the Cameroon Red Dwarf (CRD) and the 'Green Dwarf of Jiqui' (BGDJ) of Agreste, located in Neópolis, Sergipe. It was established a randomized block design with four treatments and four replications usind eight plants per plot. Concerning growth, flowering, fructification and fruit characterization, the following characters were analyzed: the number of alive leaves (NAL), number of emitted leaves (NEL) and the number of dead leaves (NDL); height (HS) and circumference of stipe (CS); leaf length (LL), leaflet length (LLe) and width (LW), leaflet area (LA); number of emitted inflorescences (NEI), female flowers per inflorescence (NFFI), fruits at three (NFr3) and six (NrF6) months old, fruit weight (FW) and fruit water volume (FWV). The data were submitted to analysis of variance, which was made by Sisvar program. This program compared the averages of each character and each cultivar; and GENES program estimated the heritability (h2) and genotypic (rge) and phenotypic (rfe) correlations. The cultivars have shown different vegetative and reproductive behaviors, being the BGDJ, the most adaptive cultivar for this area. Heritability was high ranging from 89,16% to 98,66%, which means that there is a high correlation between phenotypic and genotypic values. High positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations were observed for the pairs of characters NAL x NEL, NAL x NEI, NEL x NDL, NEL x NEI, NFFI x NFr3, NFFI x NFr6, NFFI x FW, NFr3 x NFr6, NFr6 x FWV, FW x FWV, expressing that the selection of a character will indirectly be selecting another; and high negative phenotypic and genotypic correlations for NEL x NFr6, NEL x FWV, SH x NFFI, SH x NFr3, SH x NFr6 e SH x FWV showing that a selection of a character may cause undesirable changes in another. / A modernização da agricultura, que impulsionou o desenvolvimento de nações agrícolas como o Brasil, influenciou na interiorização do coqueiro para áreas não habituais, onde é necessário conhecer a influência do ambiente no desenvolvimento dessa cultura com a finalidade de encontrar as cultivares mais adaptadas, de modo que diminua os impactos negativos no ambiente. Nesse sentido, o trabalho objetivou estudar o comportamento vegetativo e reprodutivo de quatro cultivares de coqueiro anão: anão amarelo da Malásia (AAM), anão vermelho da Malásia (AVM), anão vermelho de Camarões (AVC) e anão verde do Brasil de Jiqui (AVeBrJ), da empresa Agreste, localizada no município de Neópolis, Sergipe. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições utilizando-se oito plantas úteis por parcela. Foram avaliados caracteres referentes a crescimento, floração, frutificação e fruto tais como: número de folhas vivas (NFV), emitidas (NFE) e mortas (NFM), altura (AE) e circunferência do estipe (CE), comprimento da folha (CFol), comprimento (CF) e largura do folíolo (LF), área foliar (AF), número de inflorescências emitidas (NIE), flores femininas por inflorescência (NFFI), frutos com três (NFr3) e seis meses (NFr6), peso do fruto (PF) e volume de água do fruto (VAF). Nas análises de variância foram utilizandos os programa Sisvar, para comparar as médias de cada caráter e de cada cultivar e o programa Genes, para estimar a herdabilidade (h2) e as correlações fenotípicas (rfe) e genotípicas (rge). As cultivares apresentaram comportamentos vegetativo e reprodutivo diferenciados, sendo que o AVeBrJ foi o que se mostrou mais adaptado a esse ambiente. A herdabilidade foi alta variando de 89,16% a 98,66%, o que indica a alta correlação entre os valores genético e fenotípico. Foram constatadas correlações fenotípicas e genéticas altas e positivas para os pares de caracteres NFV x NFE, NFV x NIE, NFE x NFM, NFE x NIE, NFFI x NFr3, NFFI x NFr6, NFFI x PF, NFr3 x NFr6, NFr6 x VAF, PF x VAF indicando que a seleção de um caráter indiretamente estará selecionando outro; e correlações fenotípicas e genéticas negativas e altas para NFE x NFr6, NFE x VF, AE x NFFI, AE x NFr3, AE x NFr6 e AE x VAF indicando que a seleção de um caráter pode provocar alterações indesejáveis em outro.

Neste trabalho estudamos três diferentes sistemas de fluidos clássicos. No primeiro, esferas de poliestireno adsorvidas em água, o potencial de interação é do tipo dipolar (1/r3). As funções de correlação radial e fator de estrutura estático bem como a energia de correlação e energia livre de Helmholtz foram obtidas na aproximação das equações integral HNC. 0s resultados obtidos estão em excelente concordância com os resultados \"exatos\" de dinâmica Molecular. No segundo sistema, elétrons em superfície de hélio líquido adsorvido em um substrato, generalizamos o trabalho de Studart e Hipólito bem como o de Monarkha ao considerarmos qualquer tipo de substrato e qualquer espessura do filme de hélio. Utilizando a aproximação de Campo Auto Consistente obtivemos o fator de estrutura estático, energia de correlação e relação de dispersão. As correlações de curto alcance, responsáveis pela correção do campo local, corrigem de maneira sensível os resultados da aproximação das fases aleatórias (RPA) . No terceiro, um sistema de esferas duras carregadas, utilizamos a aproximação de Campo Auto Consistente e obtivemos o fator de estrutura estático, função de correlação de pares, equação de estado e energia de correlação. Obtivemos, pela primeira vez, a relação de dispersão deste plasma de uma componente generalizado. Este sistema é particularmente interessante pois em primeira aproximação descreve eletrólitos e sais fundidos. / We have studied in this work three different classic fluid systems. The first one, formed by polystyrene spheres adsorbed on water, can be described by a dipolar (1/r3) interaction. Theradial correlation function and static structure factor as well the correlation energy and Helmholtz free energy were obtained in the framework of the Hypernetted Chain (HNC) Integral Approximation. Our results were in excell entagreement with the \"exact\" results from Molecular Dynamics techniques. The second system consists of electrons trapped on the liquid helium films wetting a solid substrate . In this case, we have generalized the works of Studart and Hipolito, and Monarkha, by analysing the influence of the film thickness and different kinds of substrates. By using the Self-Consistent Field Approximation (SCFA), we have evaluated the static structure factor, correlation energy and plasma dispersion relation . The local field correction, responsible by the short-range correlation , modifies drastically the results from the Random-Phase Approximation (RPA). In the third system, a charged hard sphere fluid , we have determined, by using SCFA, some properties of this many-body system such as the static structure factor, pair correlation function, the equation of state and correlation energy. For the first time , we have calculated the plasma dispersion relation of this generalized one-component plasma. This system is very interesting because, in a first approximation, it can describe eletrolytes and molten salts.

Orientador: José Antonio Roversi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T23:06:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roque_ThalesFigueiredo_M.pdf: 4513526 bytes, checksum: 591f56a02e8cf1895d520faa78c27465 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Neste trabalho analisamos a dinâmica das correlações quânticas em um sistema composto por dois osciladores harmônicos em contato com um mesmo reservatório térmico e acoplados entre si com um acoplamento dependente do tempo. O reservatório térmico modelado de acordo com o modelo de Caldeira-Leggett e tanto a abordagem via integrais de caminho quanto a abordagem via equações mestras são usadas para estudar o sistema nos regimes Markoviano e não-Markoviano. O Hamiltoniano que descreve o sistema é bilinear nos operadores de campo, isto significa que se repararmos o sistema em um estado Gaussiano, o estado do sistema sera sempre Gaussiano. Para um estado Gaussiano toda a informa ¸ao sobre as correlações quânticas está contida na matriz de covariância s. Conhecida a matriz s podemos medir o emaranhamento usando a negatividade Logarítmica e calcular uma aproximação para a discórdia quântica em estados Gaussianos, que é a discórdia Gaussiana. Nós mostramos que mesmo à temperaturas muito altas as correlações quânticas, inclusive o emaranhamento, persistem. Esta persistência tem uma relação estreita com a estabilidade do sistema. Como as correlações quânticas são a principal assinatura da mecânica quântica, isto sugere que este tipo particular de acoplamento entre os osciladores pode reduzir a descoerência, introduzida pela interação com o reservatório térmico / Abstract: In this work we analise the dinamics of quantum correlations in a system composed by two harmonic oscillators in contact with a common heat bath and coupled with each other by a time dependent coupling. The heat bath is modeled according to the Caldeira-Leggett model and both the path integral and the master equation approaches are used to study the system in the Markovian and in the non-Markovian regime. The Hamiltonian that describes the system is bilinear in the field opperators, this means that if we prepare the system in a Gaussian state, it remains in a Gaussian state indefinitely. For a Gaussian state all the information about the quantum correlations is in the covariance matrix s and we are able to calculate the Logarithmic Negativity as a measure of the systems¿ entanglement and the Gaussian discord as an approximantion to the usual quantum discord, that is a measure of quantum correlations. We have shown that in some circunstances we can observe the survival of quantum correlations and entanglement, even at very high temperatures. This survival has close relationship with the stability of the system¿s equation of motion. As quantum correlations are the main feature of quantum mechanics, this sugests that this particular coupling between the oscillators can reduce the decoherence effects induced by the interaction with the heat bath / Mestrado / Física / Mestre em Física

No description available.

This paper describes the design and construction of a convenient and inexpensive apparatus for the production of the radioisotope bromine-77. The applications of this isotope in various fields of research are discussed and its suitability for use in the field of perturbed angular correlations is demonstrated. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate

This study investigated the item parameter recovery of two methods of factor analysis. The methods researched were a traditional factor analysis of tetrachoric correlation coefficients and an IRT approach to factor analysis which utilizes marginal maximum likelihood estimation using an EM algorithm (MMLE-EM). Dichotomous item response data was generated under the 2-parameter normal ogive model (2PNOM) using PARDSIM software. Examinee abilities were sampled from both the standard normal and uniform distributions. True item discrimination, a, was normal with a mean of .75 and a standard deviation of .10. True b, item difficulty, was specified as uniform [-2, 2]. The two distributions of abilities were completely crossed with three test lengths (n= 30, 60, and 100) and three sample sizes (N = 50, 500, and 1000). Each of the 18 conditions was replicated 5 times, resulting in 90 datasets. PRELIS software was used to conduct a traditional factor analysis on the tetrachoric correlations. The IRT approach to factor analysis was conducted using BILOG 3 software. Parameter recovery was evaluated in terms of root mean square error, average signed bias, and Pearson correlations between estimated and true item parameters. ANOVAs were conducted to identify systematic differences in error indices. Based on many of the indices, it appears the IRT approach to factor analysis recovers item parameters better than the traditional approach studied. Future research should compare other methods of factor analysis to MMLE-EM under various non-normal distributions of abilities.

Body weight is considered an important trait for the selection of replacement animals in both wool and mutton sheep. Knowledge of the genetic variance of each trait and covariances among traits is essential for effective genetic evaluation and improvement programs. It is important that estimated breeding values for performance traits should be estimated as accurately as possible. This could be achieved by fitting the most appropriate statistical model, which accounts for all known non-genetic effects, as well as correctly partitioning the genetic variance into its various sources. The aim of this study was to identify the most appropriate models for estimation of breeding values for body weights recorded at different ages in Merino sheep. Various statistical procedures, including uni- and multivariate linear models employing restricted maximum likelihood methods, random regression and repeatability models were evaluated. The dataset used in this study comprises body weight data recorded at different ages in the Grootfontein Merino stud from 1968 to 2012. The total number of males and females for which birth weight was recorded, were 7794 and 8317 respectively. The univariate direct heritability of body weight increased with an increase in age. Direct heritability estimates were 0.20 ± 0.03 for birth weight, 0.16 ± 0.02 for weaning weight, 0.51 ± 0.04 for 15-month body weight and 0.40 ± 0.05 for 3-year adult body weight. Maternal heritability estimates were 0.11 ± 0.02 for birth weight, 0.04 ± 0.01 for weaning weight and 0.08 ± 0.02 for 15-month body weight. The genetic correlation between direct and maternal effects was negative for all weights where it was included and ranged from -0.95 ± 0.14 for 6-month body weight to -0.28 ± 0.09 for birth weight. The repeatability model including direct and maternal genetic effects, without splines, was the most appropriate repeatability model for estimation of genetic parameters for body weight. The accuracy of the estimated breeding values were determined using Spearman rank correlations and number and proportion of common animals in the Top 10% and Top 1% lists. The comparison of estimated breeding values for body weights obtained with univariate, multivariate and repeatability models revealed that the multivariate model was the most efficient method due to the high accuracies obtained with this procedure. These results will be implemented when estimating breeding values for body weights for the animals in the Merino reference population during the development phase of a suitable SNP key to be used in genomic selection for body weight in South African Merino sheep. / Dissertation (MSc (Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Animal and Wildlife Sciences / MSc (Agric) / Unrestricted

The role of randomness as a generator of long range correlations and ordinary statistical mechanics is investigated in this Dissertation. The difficulties about the derivation of thermodynamics from mechanics are pointed out and the connection between the ordinary fluctuation-dissipation process and possible anomalous properties of statistical systems is highlighted.