No description available.

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of counselor gender, counselor age, and type of problem on client expectations and preferences for counselors.

This study sought to determine the influence of pretherapy religious value information upon potential clients' (a) perceptions of a counselor, (b) willingness to see a counselor and (c) confidence of counselor helpfulness. Two hundred and ten undergraduate college students volunteered for the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups and given varying amounts and types of written information about a counselor. Group 1 received just the counselor's credentials. Group 2 received the same information plus statements about the counselor's beliefs about counseling and his therapeutic approach. Group 3 received the same information as group 2 plus a statement of the counselor's religious values. Subjects then viewed a short video tape of the counselor in a counseling session. Results of statistical treatment of dependent variables indicated that subjects' perceptions of the counselor, willingness to see the counselor, and confidence of counselor helpfulness were not influenced by the written information, including the statement of religious values that the subjects received before viewing the video tape of the counselor. Implications and recommendations for further research are discussed.

This study compared beginning and advanced counselor education students on self-reported sex-role orientation and preference for selected counseling responses. It was assumed that sex-role socialization leads to restrictive attitudes that make it difficult for students to acquire and use selected interpersonal counseling skills. It was anticipated that counselor education training programs would provide a means for students to overcome the limitations imposed by sex-role socialization practices. Subjects in this study were 87 counselor education graduate students, 34 advanced students enrolled in the final two courses required for the master's degree and 53 beginning students enrolled in the first course in the master's degree sequence. Based on scores obtained from the Bern Sex-Role Inventory, subjects were divided into three groups: (1) feminine, (2) androgynous, (3) masculine. The Response Alternatives Questionnaire was used to determine subjects' preference for counseling responses.

This hermeneutic phenomenological study explores eight psychotherapists' and counsellors' experiences and understandings of 'inexplicable' phenomena that sometimes occur when working with clients.The purpose of the study is to stimulate thinking about these experiences and bring them into conversation within the psychoanalytic community.The findings emerging from this research reveal that inexplicable phenomena may occur when therapists and counsellors are in an 'open', meditative state in which the boundaries between self and the world seem lessened and time and space are experienced differently. The phenomena may take many forms, including the apparent knowing about events that are later reported by clients, which it would not have been possible to 'sense' in the usual way, and the seeing of semi-solid forms, which may be static or moving.The meanings made of the experiences vary according to different spiritual and theoretical worldviews but, invariably, the experiences are interpreted as receiving a communication from, or being attuned to, the unconscious mind or a spiritual intelligence or source of knowledge. This is discussed in relation to psychotherapeutic, phenomenological and spiritual literature. Occultism is another field we shall have to conquer There are strange and wondrous things in these lands of darkness. Please don't worry about my wanderings in these infinitudes. I shall return laden with rich bounty for our knowledge of the human psyche (Jung to Freud 1911: Mc. Guire, 1991, p. 223).I advise against. Don't do it. By it you would be throwing a bomb into the psychoanalytical house, which would be certain to explode. (Freud's letter to Ferenczi, (1919) when the latter wanted to present his telepathic experiments to the next IPA conference (Jones, 1957, p. 42).Freud wrote to psychic researcher , Hereward Carrington, that: "If I had my life to live over again, I should devote myself to psychical research rather than to psychoanalysis" (Jones 1957, p. 32). In 1929, Freud denied having said this but Ernest Jones tracked down the evidence of the letter (Farrell, 1983).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2002. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-99). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2002. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-99). Also available on the Internet.

No description available.

The present study investigated how the issues of perceived and desired confidentiality are related to the working alliance between adolescent clients and their counselors. Fifty-one students between the ages of 14 and 18 years were recruited through two school boards in Canadian cities. Results indicated that adolescents preferred greater levels of confidentiality than they thought they would actually get in hypothetical situations, but preferred significantly less in actual situations. In addition, the level of confidentiality adolescents preferred in both hypothetical and actual situations did not impact the working alliance. The level of confidentiality adolescents thought they would get in hypothetical situations was a significant predictor of the working alliance. In actual situations, however, the level of confidentiality did not impact the working alliance. Theoretical and practical implications for counselors and other researchers, limitations of this study, and future research directions are discussed.

Men's reluctance to seek psychological help appears to be related to a discrepancy between values and behaviors of the traditional male role and values and behaviors commonly associated with the counseling setting. The view that men must adopt traditional feminine ways of relating and coping to engage in and receive value from therapy has been challenged recently. Alternative interventions may be more attractive to some men who need help, but are unwilling to enter therapy.This study assessed: (a) the influence of male role socialization on help-seeking and (b) men's preferences for and expectations of different therapeutic orientations. It was proposed that more traditional men would be less likely to seek help for a serious psychological concern, but would be more attracted to interventions that reflect values consistent with traditional male ways of coping if they were to seek help (solution-focused and cognitive-behavioral therapy). Additionally, it was proposed that men expect psychologists to use interventions that require expression of more feminine characteristics and behaviors (psychodynamic and person-centered orientations).Undergraduate males (N = 259) were recruited from intact classrooms at a large midwestern university. Three gender role measures were administered to assess traditional masculinity ideology, and male role stress and conflict. Subjects viewed a video of a male client describing a serious personal problem and were asked about their likelihood to seek help if they were experiencing this problem. They were also asked to report their preference for and expectation of four therapy orientations if they were to seek help.Males who endorsed more traditional ideology and experienced greater role conflict were less likely to seek help for the videotaped problem. Males less likely to seek help preferred that their psychologist employ a solution-focused orientation if they were to seek help. Participants expected their psychologist to employ person-centered and psychodynamic orientations more often than solution-focused or cognitive behavioral orientations. Prior experience in counseling also affects preferences.Conclusions support the idea that some males view the counseling setting as a poor fit and may prefer and access interventions that more closely represent male ways of relating and coping. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services