Įsipareigojimas yra sudėtingas, įvairiai suprantamas ir patiriamas fenomenas. Darbe bandoma išsiaiškinti, kaip įsipareigojimus poroje supranta, patiria jauni suaugę, kurie patyrė tėvų skyrybas. Kitų šalių atliekami tyrimais rodo, jog suaugę skyrybų vaikai (toliau – SSV) išmoksta tokių elgesio modelių šeimoje, kurie neparemia poros abipusių intymių ryšių kūrimo. Pasak vienų autorių, SSV pasiekia savo ankstyvąją brandą, sunerimę dėl meilės, įsipareigojimų ir santuokos, nes bijo nesėkmės ir sužeidimo. Daugelis negali pradėti santykių, nes jų atstūmimo baimė tokia stipri, jog jie gali ilgus metus vengti artimų santykių.Tuo tarpu kiti teigia, jog SSV sukuria santuokas anksčiau nei jauni suaugę, kurių tėvai kartu gyvena. Šiame darbe buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti kaip tyrimo dalyviai patyrę tėvų skyrybas išgyvena įsipareigojimo patyrimą bei apibrėžti, kaip patiriamas ir suprantamas įsipareigojimas poros santykiuose, jaunų suaugusių, kurių tėvai išsiskyrę. Tyrime dalyvavo 8 tyrimo dalyviai (4 moterys, 4 vyrai), kurių aprašyti įsipareigojimo patyrimo išgyvenimai buvo analizuojami fenomenologinės analizės pagal A.Giorgi metodu. Iš 8 sudarytų specifinių situacinių įsipareigojimo patyrimo poros santykiuose apibrėžimų buvo suformuluotas galutinis bendras fenomeno apibrėžimas. Įsipareigojimo patyrimas apibrėžtas kaip procesas. Galutinis bendras apibrėžimas atskleidžia, kad įsipareigojimo patyrimas – psichologinė būsena, kai jausmų kaitoje priimami ir įgyvendinami sprendimai, siekiant santykių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The phenomenon of commitments is complex, variously perceived and experienced. In this study it is trying to explain how Adult Children of Divorce (ACOD) perceive and experience commitments in Couple Relations. Other countries researches show that ACOD have learned in the family the behaviour‘s models which do not support the development of reciprocal, close and intimate couple relations. According to some authors, ACOD reach their early adolescence with anxiety about love, commitments and marriage, because they are afraid of the failure and wounds. Most of them can not begin the relationships because the fear of alienation is so strong that they might avoid close relations for a long time. Whereas another authors say that ACOD take in marriages earlier than adult children from intact families. The goal of the present research is to reveal in what way the phenomenon is experienced by particular individuals and what is the unique experience of commitments in couple relations ACOD in each concrete case. Eight Adult Children of Divorce (4 women, 4men) who have the partners participated in the study. The method of phenomenological analysis of A.Giorgi was applied in the study. Eight specific situational definitions of the phenomenon were defined. The total final definition of the experience of commitment in Couples relationships of Adult Children of Divorce was formulated with the reference to these specific definitions. The experience of commitments in Couple’s Relations is... [to full text]

Background: All over the world men and women show different health patterns, and therecan be many and various reasons for these differences. This thesis therefore evaluates theimpact of gender equality on health. To do this, we must be able to measure gender equality.In this thesis, we develop two new measurements of gender equality and evaluate the relationshipbetween gender equality and health. Methods: Two cross-sectional studies, one register-based and one survey study, are used tocompare different measurements of gender equality and different measurements of health,and the relationship between them. Differences between men and women in relation to healthoutcome are also discussed in the thesis. The register study, comprising 1 097 202 individuals,is based on public registers and includes information on workplace, income, sickness absence,full-time/part-time work, level of education, parental leave and temporary parental leave.A gender equality measurement, the Organizational Gender Gap Index or OGGI, was constructedand 123 companies in two sectors were ranked using the index. Employees in 21 of the mostand least gender-equal companies were invited to participate in a survey. A second genderequality index was constructed based on respondents’ own reports regarding gender equalityin their partner relationship. The variables measured were income, full-time/part-time work,educational level, and responsibilities for and sharing of household duties and parental leave.Both indices were evaluated using the single question: How gender equal is your workplace/your relationship with your partner? The four measurements were dichotomized and testedfor a relationship to health. Health was measured by three different measurements: registerbasedsickness absence, self-reported sickness absence in the past year, and self-rated health. Results: The thesis has produced two new measurements of gender equality, described above.On gender equality in the partner relationship, we found a difference between men and women.Men perceive higher gender equality than they report, while women report more gender equalitythan they perceive. When it comes to gender equality at work, we found that employees perceivetheir company to be more gender equal than the OGGI index shows. This thesis confirms thefindings that men have better health than women regardless of measurement. However, inthis study we also found that increased gender equality decreases these differences. If employeesperceive their company to be gender equal, they have higher odds of rating their health asgood, and this is especially so for women. Conclusion: This thesis supports the hypothesis that differences in health between men andwomen can be related to a lack of gender equality. When men and women have differentpossibilities and power to shape society and their own lives, their health will be affected throughembodiment of both biological and sociological determinants in accordance with the eco-socialtheory. Increased gender equality will decrease the differences in health between men andwomen through convergence. The theory of convergence explains why men and women areaffected differently by greater gender equality. Greater gender equality will also decrease thesocial injustice between men and women and improve justice in accordance with the theoryof justice to gender.The differences found between the indices and the single question on perceived genderequality make clear the need for “hard facts” as an complement to people’s own views on gender equality.

Author: Julia Falk and Linnéa Linderoth Title: “Am I being me? Or am I being a girl with Asperger´s?” A qualitative study of the role relationships have for young women with Asperger´s syndrome identity [Translated title] Supervisor: Melker Labory Assessor: Ulf Drugge   During adolescence, relationships are important for young people and studies show that having a partner is something that becomes more important, especially for young women. Creating and maintaining good relationships can be problematic, but can this problem be different for a young woman with a neuropsychiatric disability as Aspergers syndrome? A person with Aspergers syndrome often has difficulties with communication and interaction with other people. But the syndrome is also characterized with special interests, different language management and difficulties with sudden changes. The aim of our study was to examine how young women with Aspergers syndrome experience the creation, maintenance or absence of couple relations. Furthermore, we wanted to see the significance these relationships have in the young women´s identity and how they are, based on their disability, managing any problems that may arise with this meaning. In our qualitative study we have followed three young women with Aspergers syndrome through their blogs, individual websites where they write down their thoughts and experience in the form of digital diaries. These three women are seen as three extremes: a young woman with a relationship, a young woman who is single but looking for love and a young woman who is single but not interested in being part of a relationship. Through a content analysis of their texts, we have been able to distinguish experiences, significance and managing. The data that we have collected, did we analyzed to three different theories: intersectionality, Svedberg´s ideas about group processes and symbolic interactionism. The experiences have permeated the whole analysis and what we can see after the completion of the study is that relationships are very important for the three young women. All three women write about thoughts and experiences related to couple relations in their blogs. By using Svedberg, we have come to the conclusion that relationships can be more or less important for the young women. Depending on their experience and whether the desire for a partner is a part of their inner world or not. How this picture is consistent with the external reality is in turn crucial to the creation of an identity, can the young woman´s desire get consistent with reality? And what happens when this connection does not exist? When we have read the blogs, we have seen examples of how the young women both choose to grab on to the idea of a partner or choose to be alone to maintain their identity. The meaning of the couple relations variates between the young women and the way they choose to handle the problems that follows with it. Furthermore, there are variations in both experiences, significance and managing and this can be understood from the extremes but also in terms of their personality, previous experience and the fact that they are divided into different groups in the society. Keywords: young, woman, adolescents, Aspergers syndrome, disability, identity, relationships, couple relations Nyckelord: ung, kvinna, ungdomar, Aspergers syndrom, funktionsnedsättning, identitet, relationer, parrelationer