Thesis advisor: Richard Arnott / This research examines the relationship between urban characteristics in 1990 and urban population growth between 1990 and 2000, primarily investigating the impact of creative and talented people on growth. Findings establish correlations between metropolitan statistical area (MSA) growth and natural and urban amenities. Urban growth in the 90's is positively correlated with dry, warmer weather and to the Bohemian index, a new measure of cultural amenities. This research produced results to suggest that creative capital or the Creative Class did not significantly impact urban growth in the 90's. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2004. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics. / Discipline: College Honors Program.

Syfte: Att nå förståelse för relationen mellan en byrå och en kund genom att analysera föreställningen om marknadsföring och reklam som något kreativt, samt beslutsfattande och makt i den kreativa processen. Frågeställningar: Vilken roll spelar föreställningen om marknadsföring och reklam som något kreativt i relationen mellan marknadsavdelning och reklambyrå, framförallt gällande beslut fattade i kreativa processer? Vari ligger makten över de kreativa besluten, och hur gestaltas den? Metod: Kvalitativ, tolkande metod baserad på intervjuer och autoetnografi Slutsats: Vi har funnit att föreställningen om reklambyråer som kreativa spelar stor roll i relation till kunden. Framförallt relaterat till vad vi valt att kalla kreativt kapital. Detta fungerar som ett sätt för byrån att erövra status och anseende på fältet, och samtidigt bygga tillit och legitimitet hos kunden. Vi har även funnit att den formella makten ligger hos kunden, men byrån sitter på en inte oansenlig indirekt makt genom att välja vad som presenteras för kunden. Vi finner det även nödvändigt att göra en uppdelning mellan formell makt och de facto makt, varav den senare är rörlig mellan relationens olika aktörer. / Advertising agencies are often considered as being creative. In this thesis we have examined the conception of agencies as creative. Especially we have taken an interest in how this conception affects the relationship between an agency and its client. This has been examined through the concepts of (creative) decision making, power and, to some extent, the Bourdieuesque concept of field and habitus. We have found that the conception of the creative ad agency have an impact on the relationship between agency and client, especially when we relate it to the concept of creative capital. Also, we have found that the power in the relationship in a formal sense lies at the client, but that the agency has a great deal of indirect power by the ability to choose what they should bring to the customer. There are also important to make a distinction between the formal power and the de facto power. With the latter meaning the power that actually takes place in the relationship, but in formal sense doesn’t really exist.

In the knowledge economy, the 'creative industries' are recognised as a new paradigm. They are industries which use creativity as an intangible asset to generate wealth. The creative industries are described as 'evolving' and their outcomes frequently categorised as 'intangibles'. The thesis outlines what I term a creative industries approach to the engagement of visual artists with industry. The artist-in-industry program, a component of New Possibilities for Paper, was established with an explicit brief to generate creative products and contained an implicit agenda to breed intellectual capital. It was conceived as a means of crossfertilising hitherto siloed sectors -- an arts environment with entrenched attitudes towards the subsidy, proprietorship and authority of creativity and the traditionally conservative paper industry. Establishing creative industries characteristics and indicators to describe and measure creative industries operation in this program required careful consideration, with the characteristics and indicators selected able to recognise trends or changes. The analysis of the seven partnerships confirmed that the artistin-industry program is a creative industries approach upon which future programs between visual artists and the paper industry could be constructed. The research found that the creative industries processes in most need of being addressed, if visual artists are to maximise their benefits, included an understanding and utilisation of intellectual property, knowledge of commercialisation processes and a positive attitude towards commercialisation. For paper companies that invest in R&D, there is recognition that potential tangible and intangible benefits can result from engaging in such partnerships. Additionally, a partnership in which the artist's role (or service) is focused on the industry's customers and contributes to employee knowledge was seen as being of greatest value to the paper industry.

在創意經濟的時代，創意階級被視為當代驅動經濟成長的引擎。Florida認為一個城市只要能吸引創意階級聚集，就能促進當地的經濟發展，其主張以職業別區分之創意資本較以教育程度區分之人力資本更能夠解釋區域經濟的發展。為驗證此一論點，本文以創意階級為分析對象，針對台灣都市地區進行實證，首先分析台灣地區創意階級之空間聚集程度與創意資本累積情形，進一步探討創意階級群聚、創意資本與傳統人力資本對區域經濟發展之影響效果。本研究發現台灣的創意階級聚集於主要都市地區，而創意階級群聚指標對區域經濟發展之影響效果不如創意資本指標。又創意資本指標比傳統人力資本指標更能夠解釋對區域經濟發展的影響效果。 / In the era of creative economy, the creative class is regarded as the engine of contemporary economic growth. Florida argued that cities and regions that have attracted creative workers subsequently perform better than other cities and regions. He acclaimed that the creative indicators measured by occupation are better than the traditional human capital indicators measured by education explain the regional economic development. To verify this discussion, we develop a model to examine the influence of the cluster of creative class, creative capital and human capital on regional economic development. Across our sample of Taiwan, we find that creative class measures tend to outperform conventional educational measures in accounting for regional development. The expertise in specific area is much more important than diploma. And what people learn should be connected to what people actually do that can be productive and urge the economic engine run.

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