Submitted by Richardson Barbosa Gomes da Silva (richardsonunesp@gmail.com) on 2017-05-29T13:50:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Richardson Barbosa Gomes da Silva.pdf: 3182502 bytes, checksum: 8fa9597a7aad6e3e72ed5c66cdde181e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-05-31T16:32:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_rbg_dr_bot.pdf: 3182502 bytes, checksum: 8fa9597a7aad6e3e72ed5c66cdde181e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-31T16:32:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_rbg_dr_bot.pdf: 3182502 bytes, checksum: 8fa9597a7aad6e3e72ed5c66cdde181e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-29 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Em muitos viveiros, a experiência pessoal dos viveiristas é o principal método utilizado para determinar quando e quanto tempo irrigar. Os viveiros produzem diversas espécies simultaneamente numa mesma área. Entre as espécies, há muita variação na arquitetura foliar, especificamente nos ângulos foliares. A falta de conhecimento sobre a lâmina adequada e como os ângulos foliares afetam a interceptação e captura da água, limitam a eficiência da irrigação e, consequentemente, a qualidade das mudas florestais. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se o ângulo foliar das mudas de nove espécies florestais nativas e as lâminas de água aplicadas no viveiro afetam a qualidade morfológica, fisiológica e nutricional das mudas; a fração de lixiviação e a condutividade elétrica da solução lixiviada; e a qualidade morfológica das plantas após o plantio em vaso. As avaliações foram realizadas ao final do ciclo de produção de cada espécie no viveiro, através das variáveis: altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do colo, massa seca aérea, radicular e total, índice de qualidade de Dickson, área de projeção da copa, conformação do sistema radicular, potencial hídrico foliar, índice SPAD, transpiração diária, teores dos pigmentos foliares clorofila a, b, carotenoides e antocianinas, fração de lixiviação, condutividade elétrica da solução lixiviada e acúmulo nutricional. A qualidade morfológica das plantas após o plantio em vaso foi avaliada em intervalos de 30 dias, durante 120 dias, através das variáveis altura da parte aérea e diâmetro do colo. Aqui mostramos que, nas espécies com ângulos foliares maiores, a aplicação de lâminas menores resulta em mudas com maior qualidade. Nas espécies com ângulos menores, é necessária a aplicação de lâminas maiores, exceto quando a área de projeção da copa é pequena. A partir desse conhecimento, o ângulo foliar poderá começar a ser adotado entre os critérios para agrupar as espécies no viveiro, a fim de que a irrigação praticada evite o desperdício de água e fertilizantes, bem como aumente a qualidade morfológica, fisiológica e nutricional das mudas florestais. / In many nurseries, the personal experience of nurseries is the primary method used to determine when and how much time to irrigate. Nurseries produce several species simultaneously in the same area. Among the species, there is much variation in foliar architecture, specifically in the leaf angles. The lack of knowledge about the proper water depth and how the leaf angles affect the interception and capture of water, limit irrigation efficiency and consequently seedlings quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the leaf angle of nine species of tree seedlings and the water depths applied in the nursery affect the morphological, physiological and nutritional seedlings quality; the leaching fraction and the electrical conductivity of the solution leached; and the morphological quality of the plants after planting in pot. The evaluations were performed at the end of the production cycle of each species in the nursery, through the following variables: height, stem diameter, shoot, root and total dry mass, Dickson quality index, crown projection area, conformation root system, leaf water potential, SPAD index, daily perspiration, leaf chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids and anthocyanins, leaching fraction, electrical conductivity of the solution leached and nutritional accumulation. The morphological quality of the plants after planting was evaluated at intervals of 30 days, during 120 days, through the variables height of and stem diameter. Here we show that, in species with larger leaf angles, the application of smaller water depths results in seedlings with higher quality. In species with smaller angles, it is necessary to apply larger water depths, except when crown projection area of seedling is small. From this knowledge, leaf angle can begin to be adopted among the criteria to group the species in the nursery, so that the irrigation practiced avoids the waste of water and fertilizers, as well as increase the morphological, physiological and nutritional tree seedlings quality. / FAPESP: 2013/17447-8

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has been successfully used for three-dimensional (3D) data capture in forests for almost two decades. Beyond the plot-based data capturing capabilities of TLS, vehicle-based mobile laser scanning (MLS) systems have the clear advantage of fast and precise corridor-like 3D data capture, thus providing a much larger coverage within shorter acquisition time. This paper compares and discusses advantages and disadvantages of multi-temporal MLS data acquisition compared to established TLS data recording schemes. In this pilot study on integrated TLS and MLS data processing in a forest, it could be shown that existing TLS data evaluation routines can be used for MLS data processing. Methods of automatic laser scanner data processing for forest inventory parameter determination and quantitative structure model (QSM) generation were tested in two sample plots using data from both scanning methods and from different seasons. TLS in a multi-scan configuration delivers very high-density 3D point clouds, which form a valuable basis for generating high-quality QSMs. The pilot study shows that MLS is able to provide high-quality data for an equivalent determination of relevant forest inventory parameters compared to TLS. Parameters such as tree position, diameter at breast height (DBH) or tree height can be determined from MLS data with an accuracy similar to the accuracy of the parameter derived from TLS data. Results for instance in DBH determination by cylinder fitting yielded a standard deviation of 1.1 cm for trees in TLS data and 3.7 cm in MLS data. However, the resolution of MLS scans was found insufficient for successful QSM generation. The registration of MLS data in forests furthermore requires additional effort in considering effects caused by poor GNSS signal.